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By now, most people understand that the primary reason to visit a breeder is to check on the day to day conditions of the dogs and feel comfortable that they are not buying from a cruel and irresponsible breeder or puppy mill. However, there are a few other reasons that make this step the MOST important one in your dog search process.

First, a reputable breeder will never sell a dog to someone they have not met or vetted themselves 

A great breeder considers himself or herself responsible for the life of the dog no matter what. They want to be sure they are placing their dogs with families that will love and care for the dog as much as they would because the last thing they would want is for one of their dogs to end up abandoned, in a shelter, or worse as part of a puppy mill breeding program! Without fully vetting their new owners in person, they will have a much harder time getting to know you and feeling comfortable that you will be a good home for one of their dogs.  More to the point, if someone actually discourages you from visiting for whatever reason (i.e. they are very far away, or they can save you the hassle and ship the dog directly to you) they are almost always discouraging you from visiting because they don't want you to see the premises and are actually hiding something very ugly.

Second, this will be your best opportunity to play with the adult version of your breed

Even though you’ve done the breed research and had a long conversation with your breeder about how your new Golden Retriever, Westie, German Shepherd or Chihuahua will fit right in with your family, there is nothing like spending quality time with your breeders’ pack to get a real sense of what your new dog will grow up to be.  An 8-week-old, ten pound, adorably fluffed Golden Retriever puppy may be one of the cutest things on this planet, but just ten months later that puppy will be nearly 70 pounds, full of sporting dog energy and likely leaving a trail of his adorable fur all over the house. If the idea of spending an afternoon with one is already feeling a little overwhelming, it may be a sign to expand your search to a few lower energy or lower shedding options.

Third, visiting your breeder and their dogs will be the best way to understand how your puppy will grow and mature

It may surprise some to hear this, but even within the breed standards, breeders can still choose to develop some traits over others making quite a bit of difference from breeder to breeder. For example, a German Shepherd breeder interested in raising therapy or service animals will likely be favoring a different temperament than someone raising dogs for law enforcement K9 units. Alternatively, you could find a breeder who says her poodles are a little more or less high energy than her friend’s line.  In any case, if what you had in mind is not lining up with what you are experiencing, you may want to spend a little extra time discussing these observations with your breeder. Don’t be too discouraged if it is starting to feel like the wrong fit. Your breeder will appreciate the honesty and could very likely have a friend in the breed or know of another breeder who will have the perfect puppy for you.

Lastly, uninterrupted in-person time with your breeder means you can get all your questions answered—and then some!

The Better Way to Give the Gift of a Dog for Christmas

Its mid-December with the holidays are fast approaching. For many families, this marks the time of year when the “should we get a dog” conversation starts to pick up steam especially as those timeless images of the Christmas puppy with a big red bow around his neck starts to pop up in every TV commercial and on all of our Facebook news feeds.

Unlike a new dollhouse or remote controlled car, giving the gift of a puppy also means giving the gift of a serious time commitment and financial responsibility. Adding to that, during the Christmas rush, many people may find themselves racing through the critical steps of finding the right breed and a reputable breeder making it easy to miss the red flags that would indicate whether or not a breeder is reputable. That’s why this holiday season, we are recommending to give the gift of a dog without the actual dog. You can wrap all the important things you’ll need for your future best friend (crate, collar, leash, toys, training books, etc.) and put those under the tree so that you can include the whole family in the process of finding your new dog in January!

Don’t Cheat the Puppy Search Process

Anyone who has gone through the process of getting a puppy from a reputable breeder will tell you that one of the most important parts of the search was taking the trip to visit mom and her new litter.  When you go on a breeder visit, it is your time to get to know him or her and feel comfortable that they are taking all the steps necessary to raise a healthy litter. These steps should include providing a clean living space, socializing the litter, and testing and monitoring the health of all their animals (both the breeding dogs and their puppies). You and your kids will also have quality time to interact with the adult versions the breed you have chosen. Puppies may grab the spotlight, but observing the adults and taking note of their activity level, personalities and size will give you and your kids a first-hand opportunity to see how the breed will fit in with your family once it is all grown up—it is a great snapshot into your puppy’s future self! This step also gives breeders their very own opportunity to ask questions of and vet you—the family that has applied for one of their puppies.  Those in the position of placing any dog (either a puppy or a rescue) with a new family will always want to meet everyone who will be at home caring for their dog on a daily basis so they can determine if it is going to be a good fit for that specific animal.

At the point you have decided to get a puppy, you will have had time to consider what the next 10-15 years with a dog means for your family, but without including your kids during this waiting period, you may be cheating them out of the same quality time to understand their new commitment. The holidays are an exciting time and adding a puppy to the mix can make the idea of added work and responsibility seem like no big deal, but as you head into January and February your Christmas puppy can start to feel like a lot of work.  This especially rings true if you live somewhere that house-training involves many hours in the snow and ice—and that could be reason enough to wait for the spring to get a dog! Slow down the process to give everyone else time away from the glow of the Christmas lights to understand the full weight of the responsibility of caring for a dog.

A Puppy is a Responsibility That Will Last Long After the Holidays

While you were deciding to get a dog, you may have been thinking that because of your busy, year-round work schedule the holidays may provide the only window of time-off that you can use to pick out and bring home a new dog. While this seems reasonable, it diminishes the fact that a new puppy will be even more of a time commitment after it comes home. At the bare minimum, most puppies will need to go out every 3-4 hours when they start housetraining and many require three meals a day (including lunch) to feed their growing bodies. On top of that, they’ll need time for supervised play, socialization, grooming and basic manners and obedience training.  

For many people, the family budget can be tight most of the year until the holidays when some will receive a little year-end bonus or others may have money stashed away for a few Christmas presents.  Though it is tempting to use these limited funds to buy a dog, unfortunately, the on-going financial requirements (i.e. vet bills, food, grooming, dog-walkers, toys, accessories, etc.) of owning a dog far outweigh that initial cost. Having a tight family budget should not preclude you from the joy of owning a dog, but it is important to make a plan for all of the expenses involved—not just the initial purchase.

Consider Rescuing in January Instead

Lastly, if you rush the process to make sure there is a live puppy under the tree on Christmas morning, you can risk ending up with a dog that, for lack of a better term, just isn’t the right fit for your family. Anything from choosing a breed that has overwhelming activity or training requirements to not understanding the financial impact of a new dog could quickly put you on a path to reconsidering your decision. Over the last 3 years in NYC, 40% of dogs that entered the system were not strays, but rather owner-relinquished animals. In many of these cases, people simply realized they were not ready for a dog, ended up with a breed that was too much work or rushed through the process by working with a non-reputable source that did not care to have a return procedure. It is worth noting here that all reputable breeders will demand (and even put in writing) that if you cannot keep a dog for any reason, it must come back to them. Without any other option, these owners decide to drop their dog off at a local shelter hoping their animal will find a better life with someone else. While this cycle is heartbreaking, two things can help ease the burden. First, do not rush to get a dog by a certain date (i.e. Christmas, Birthday, etc.), and second, remember there are great, healthy, ready-to-love you animals of all ages and breeds at your local shelter!  You can even take the process a step further—after you give your kids the gift of all the dog things, sit down and have a conversation with them about rescuing a dog versus getting a puppy and empower them by including them in the decision of where you will find your next pet.

We may be the millennial generation, but if we were going off our dog preferences, we’d probably be the doodle generation. Rover.com reports Goldendoodles and Labradoodles to be the fastest growing “breeds” in at least 12 states—and we wonder what the numbers would look like if their numbers were combined or even added to the ever-expanding list of poodle-mixed dogs (i.e. Cock-a-poos, Yorkie-Poos, Malti-Poos, etc).

While the reasons for this may be wide-ranging, there is one that seems to stand above the rest: they are said to be very allergy friendly!  From what we’ve read, the jury is still out on that last claim, so we’re highlighting some of our favorite allergy-friendly breeds that you may not have considered and why we love them so much!

Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier

Personality: friendly, happy, devoted and lively

Grooming/Coat: non-shedding coat is soft, silky and a little wavy

Daily Activity Requirements: very adaptable to many environments (apartment living, suburbs, country etc.) but still needs a good amount of daily activity and play

Family Friendly: medium size dog that is hardy and very good with kids

Other: intelligent and trainable but can have a stubborn "terrier" streak       

Coton de Tulear

Personality: bright, charming, intelligent & easily trained

Grooming/Coat Type: hair instead of fur and is non-shedding which can be kept in "puppy cut" for easier maintenance

Daily Activity Requirements: exercise needs can be met with daily walks and casual playtime (which they love!)

Family Friendly: gets along well with other dogs, pets, and children

Other: generally healthy, known to live well into their teens (14-16 years)

Brussels Griffon

Personality: alert, curious, loyal, intelligent, sensitive

Grooming/Coat Type: rough coat variety has a non-shedding double coat comprised of hair (instead of fur) which is best maintained by hand-stripping (link to hand-strip article)

Daily Activity Requirements: enjoy daily walks but exercise requirements can be met with inside play

Family Friendly: love their owners (but don’t do well with a lot of alone time)

Other: studier, spunkier and more playful than the prototypical lap dog stereotype of a toy breed

Portuguese Water Dog

Personality: friendly, loving, independent, trainable, athletic

Grooming/Coat Type: very low-shedding poodle like coat that is either wavy or curly

Daily Activity Requirements: working breed that needs daily physical and mental stimulation (60+ min of vigorous play or exercise)

Family Friendly: good with kids and bonds very closely with their owner (sometimes they will choose one person as their “alpha”)

Other: famously chosen by the Obama’s to be the official White House dogs because of their temperament and allergy-friendly coat

Norwich Terrier

Personality: alert, curious, gregarious, affectionate

Grooming/Coat Type: they have a low-shedding wire hair coat that requires very little effort between grooming/hand-strip appointments and is nearly weatherproof as it naturally repels dirt and water (this characteristic also cuts down on the "dog smell")

Daily Activity Requirements: they like to play, but also love being with their owners during down time

Family Friendly: great with children and bonds closely with their family

Other: originally bred to hunt small vermin and rodents but because of their friendly nature they became a popular companion animal

Poodle (Standard, Miniature & Toy)

Personality: intelligent, athletic, elegant and proud

Grooming/Coat Type: famous for their non-shedding curly hair coat that is welcome relief for allergy sufferers

Daily Activity Requirements: reputation as a fancy show dog but in reality, they are athletes and will join for daily walking, jogging, hiking and even swimming!

Family Friendly: standard and miniature poodles are said to be the most family friendly, supervision is recommended with toy poodles as young children could inadvertently play too rough and accidentally injure the dogs

Have you noticed a real increase in service dogs lately? While it may seem like there are “dogs in vests” everywhere—on flights, at shopping centers, and at the dog park—it may not be quite as it seems.  According to Google, while the search term “service dogs” has trended up only slightly in the past year, interest in Emotional Support Dogs (and related terms) has nearly doubled!

Recognizing that part of this uptick may be driven by those trying to differentiate between the two, we are dedicating this post to giving you a quick-and-dirty on Service Dogs vs. Emotional Support Animals. Namely, what are they? How are the rules different? And, what do you need to know if you think you could benefit from having a service or support animal.

What is the difference between a Service Dog and an Emotional Support Animal?

Both are medically prescribed animals that can help someone with one or more disabilities, so the difference lies in what kind of help the dog is providing.

Service dogs generally aid those who are blind, deaf, restricted to a wheelchair or suffering from seizure disorders, and they are specially trained to recognize and/or assist during medical events as well as perform everyday tasks.

On the other hand, emotional support animals (or ESAs) do not require special training and are prescribed by a licensed therapist, psychiatrist or psychologist as part of a larger treatment plan for an emotional or psychological disability. Their role is to help mitigate symptoms and comfort individuals that suffer from a range of disorders including Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Stress Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Panic/Anxiety Disorders, Personality Disorders, Phobias, etc.

Are the rules the same for each?

No. The rules for service dogs appear in the Americans with Disabilities Act and are relatively straightforward—medical service dogs can accompany owners with disabilities in all places where members of the public are allowed to go.  

The distinction of an Emotional Support Animal came into being with the broader definition of a “service animal” as defined by the Air Carrier Access Act and the Fair Housing Act.  The Air Carrier Access Act allows ESAs to accompany their owners on airplanes free of charge and exempts them from certain in-cabin pet policies (i.e. size limitations or the requirement that an animal must remain under the seat for the duration of the flight).  The Fair Housing Act protects those with ESAs from being denied housing or from having to pay additional fees for their medically prescribed support animal. These two laws make up the only formal legal protection for ESAs, so you will still need to heed the “no pet policies” in your favorite stores, restaurants or travel destinations and be mindful of public areas with “no pet” signage.

What do you need to know if you think you can benefit from a service or support animal?

The question we have heard quite a bit recently is “how do I make my dog an official emotional support animal?” While there are new resources popping up to help clarify the process (and provide a way to obtain a diagnosis and doctor letter through a paid online service), our recommendation is to start the conversation with your doctor first. Ideally, this would be a licensed therapist, psychologist or psychiatrist, but even your general family doctor will have the resources to point you in the right direction.  

Once your doctor has deemed an animal a necessary part of your treatment plan, you will need to obtain a letter from your doctor stating as such to submit to air carriers or housing authorities when applying for ESA protections--it’s as easy as that! 

In our last two posts, we covered preparing for your trip and making your pup comfortable on a long plane ride, so now we’re hitting the road just in time for the 4th of July weekend! Below are our five favorite tips for an easy and safe car ride with your pup.

1. Crate your dog in a crash-test certified carrier and secure the carrier to the seat

Last week we spoke all about choosing a comfortable pet carrier that fits easily under the seat in front of you, but those may not be the best choice in the car. Your best bet for the open road is a sturdy crate that has been crash test certified and can be easily secured to the seat or interior of the car.

2. Plan your route and pit stops ahead of time so you can find places that allow dogs so they won’t be left unattended in the car

Planning your pit stops ahead of time will cut down on the stress that sets in several hours into your drive when you realize your pup may need to relieve himself soon.  Using Google Map’s street view tool, we like to look for spots that have a patch of grass or soft ground out of the way of cars where we can safely walk our pups on the leash for a few minutes before jumping back in the car.  

3. Turn on child safety locks for windows and doors

If you’re on shorter trips so you’ve chosen to forgo the crate (which we still don’t recommend, but alas we know it will still happen), make sure to engage child safety locks on the windows and doors. This is particularly important for traveling with larger breeds as their heavier paws can accidentally trigger windows to roll down and quickly create an unsafe situation.

4. Bring a bowl and a water bottle or pack ice cubes.

We’ve covered the ice-cube tip before in previous posts, but it’s one of our favorites, so we’ve decided to bring it back. Staying hydrated is always important and can easily be accomplished with a bowl and water bottle, but if you are worried about accidents or have a busier breed that likes to have something to work on—pack a cup of ice cubes (or pick one up) for your dog to lick. It will keep him hydrated without overdoing his water intake (potentially leading to an in-flight accident) while also keeping him entertained for a few minutes!

5. Check the road laws where you’ll be traveling

You may be surprised to find out there are pet-specific violations that can land you with a fine (like in NJ where you could end up with a fine of $1000 for transporting a pet in any way that a police officer deems to be incorrect). The national DMV website has an excellent resource for traveling safely with a pet.

In many ways, air travel with your dog has become much easier.  Airlines have streamlined their pet policies, most major airports have created pet-relief stations, and last January, New York City’s JFK airport even announced the installation of “ARK”, a dedicated animal terminal catering to all critters big and small. However, anyone who has packed up their pup for his or her first big airplane ride will tell you getting from A to B can still be a hassle, so with that in mind, we are bringing you our 5 favorite tips for a smooth flight:

1. Check the airline’s pet policy and ask for the specific under-the-seat dimensions on your aircraft

Unless your dog is a doctor prescribed emotional support animal or service dog, he or she will most likely be required to remain in its carrier under the seat in front of you for the entire flight. Those who fly regularly know that the space under the seat cannot fit much more than a tote or small bag and that space can vary based on your specific aircraft. A good rule of thumb is that the bag should be no more than 10 inches high and less than 20 inches long (this usually accommodates dogs that are about 15 pounds or less), but if your carrier's dimensions are on the line, call the airlines for your aircraft’s specific under-the-seat dimensions to avoid any onboard surprises.

2. Use a carrier that is familiar to your dog

To reduce travel anxiety for your dog, always use a familiar and comfortable carrier.  Dogs are den animals, so unlike most humans, they tend to feel safe in confined spaces—especially ones that that smell like home or ones that they’ve used for travel since they were a small pup.

3. Line your travel carrier with special moisture wicking blankets and bring wee pads

Travel can be stressful which may increase the likelihood your dog will have an accident (even if your dog is firmly house-broken), or you may find yourself unexpectedly delayed and unable to get to a pet relief area.  Even if it’s not ideal for your dog to relieve himself anywhere other than a nice patch of grass, it’s better than leaving him in a desperate situation. Lining your carrier with special moisture wicking pads like these are great because they keep your pet clean and dry and are easily removed for clean-up.

4. Ask for a cup of ice on board

Request a cup of ice from the flight attendant for your dog to lick.  It will keep him hydrated without overdoing his water intake (potentially leading to an in-flight accident) while also keeping him entertained for a few minutes.

5. Bring a blanket or jacket especially if your dog is sensitive to the cold

The summer season is upon us which means many of us are looking forward to sneaking in a few long weekends to visit friends and family or get a little extra R&R, but what would a vacation be without your best friend in tow? 

Traveling with a dog can be tricky at times, so we’re rounding up some of the best tips we’ve heard to help make the ‘getting there’ a little easier. In our first post, we’ll be helping you get prepped and packed.  Scroll down for our tips on what to do before you leave:

1. Make a packing list (or use this one for a good starting place!)

You probably have your own suitcase routine down to a science, but there are a few extra things your dog will need that you may not realize until it is too late.  Having a thorough packing list will help keep you organized and cut down on the stress of having to find pet supplies in a remote or unfamiliar area

2. If you are using a new carrier, leave it out for 2-3 weeks for your dog to get used to it ahead of time

Leave the travel crate or Sherpa bag out for him to sniff, explore and maybe even rest in ahead of time. This should help reduce fear and anxiety for your dog on travel day because the crate will smell familiar and feel safe to him.

3. Make sure your dog is up to date on vaccinations and get a copy of your dog’s records (vaccination records or health certificate) from your vet

Let your vet know where you are planning to travel, because they may recommend extra medication you don’t regularly give to your pup. Tick protection may not be vitally important on the streets of NYC, but they will be a big problem if you are planning a trip to the shore on Long Island

4. Feed your pet a light meal several hours ahead of your departure

Pets can get motion sickness just like humans, so help the chances your dog will be more comfortable by feeding your pet a lighter than normal meal 2-4 hours before you leave.  He’ll be more comfortable if he’s had a chance to digest, and doesn’t have to travel on an empty stomach.  It can also be a good idea to pack ice cubes for the trip because they keep your pet hydrated while limiting their water intake.  It’s also a great way to keep them entertained or take their mind off of loud noises or disruptions if need be.

5. Long walk on the day of your trip

Make sure your dog gets a nice long walk the morning you leave. Not only will this give him ample time to relieve himself, but more importantly, the exercise will calm him down by helping him get out excess energy.  If you’re lucky, your dog may even sleep through most of his time in transit!

While most recommend feeding your dog his own food, even when you are following the rules, your pup may occasionally get a hold of something that was meant for your table and not his bowl.  By now, whether or not you own a dog, the majority of people have heard that chocolate is lethally toxic to our canine companions, but even so, it’s still the number one cause of toxic poisoning in dogs and has become even more dangerous in recent years.  Read below to find out why and learn about the other dangers lurking on our table to avoid 

(Pro tip: most of the time when people search for this info it’s after something has happened—yikes!—bookmark this page now for an easy, proactive reference, but if you are in the middle of the emergency, call your vet or poison control helpline ASAP!)

Foods that are toxic and dangerous to dogs:

Chocolate

Causes diarrhea, vomiting, abnormal heartbeat, kidney failure and death

Symptoms may not appear until 6 to 12 hours after ingestion

It’s still the most common cause of toxic poisoning in dogs and is now more serious because dark chocolate and extra dark chocolate (60-80% cocoa), which contain higher concentrations of the chemical theobromine, have become increasingly popular due to its health benefits for people

Even 1 oz. of extra dark chocolate can constitute a serious emergency for a smaller dog. Use this tool to help you determine how serious your chocolate emergency is by simply plugging in your dog’s weight and the type and amount of chocolate consumed: http://www.petmd.com/dog/chocolate-toxicity

Xylitol (Artificial Sweetener)

Causes low blood sugar, liver failure, seizures and death

Symptoms appear 30 minutes to 12 hours after ingestion

The biggest danger with this food is that you may not even know a product contains the artificial sweetener without checking the ingredient list. To save you time, here’s a comprehensive list of the brands and products that contain xylitol (including Orbit gum!) so you aren’t left second guessing during a critical emergency: http://www.preventivevet.com/xylitol-products-toxic-for-dogs

Grapes (and raisins)

Causes kidney failure and death

Symptoms appear after the toxin has been fully digested so it may not appear for up to two hours

This risk was only recently discovered because it seems that not all dogs are susceptible, but for those that are it does not matter how much is ingested—even a small amount can cause a major, life-threatening reaction

Onions (and Garlic, Leeks and Chives – all plants in the “Allium” family)

Causes anemia and death

Signs of anemia are lethargy, weakness, increased heart rate, red or brown urine, pale or bluish gums, or hypersalivation

The symptoms can be delayed up to 72 hours, but do not wait till symptoms appear to call your vet—dogs can make a full recovery with immediate and aggressive treatment

Cooking these foods DOES NOT lower the risk or concentration of the toxin, dogs can also become sick from foods that contain onion and garlic as a mere flavoring ingredient or in powder form (like chicken seasoning or a soup), and like many of the foods on this list, the smaller the dog, the smaller the amount that will cause a deadly reaction

Salt

Causes vomiting, diarrhea, tremors, fever, seizures and even death

Most people wouldn’t give their dogs plain salt, but they may not think about the salt used to season everyday foods like popcorn or chicken (which are both generally considered safe for dogs)

If you live somewhere that gets icy in the winter, watch that your dogs are not licking salt off the street or tending to burning paws from treated sidewalks by licking themselves clean (using protective footwear or mushers wax before going out and wiping paws clean when you get home is a great way to minimize this danger!)

Fruit pits or seeds

Peach and plum pits and apple seeds contain cyanide –deadly to humans and dogs alike!

Macadamia Nuts

Causes muscle shakes, vomiting, fever, and weakness in the back legs

Macadamia nuts are often included in foods with chocolate which doubles the danger

Almonds are also dangerous for dogs.  While they may not be deadly, they are not easily digested which can lead to gastric intestinal distress, choking and intestinal obstruction (which may require surgery to properly treat)

Avocados

Contain persin which causes upset stomach, breathing difficulties and even death

The highest concentration of persin is found in the leaves of the plant, but can also be present in the pit, skin and fruit

The good news is that dogs have a higher tolerance for persin than other animals, but if you suspect your dog has accidentally ingested avocado, it’s still a good idea to call your vet and monitor his symptoms

Alcohol

Causes vomiting, diarrhea, coordination problems, breathing problems, coma and death

Unsurprisingly, alcohol has the same effect on dogs as people but a 20-lb dog will feel the effects of alcohol poisoning much more quickly than a 150-lb human

This same warning also applies to caffeine!

Unlike people, dogs do not need or crave variety in their meals each day and will happily eat the same thing day in and day out. They thrive on a consistent routine which includes their meal plan and feeding schedule.  We recommend working with your veterinarian to find a meal that gives your pup all his daily nutrients and will set him up to have a healthy, active lifestyle. However, there might be an occasion where it is appropriate and maybe even a good idea to feed your dog “people food” as a treat during training exercises or for the nutrients that whole, unprocessed foods provide.

Below is a list of dog-safe people food:

Peanut Butter

Good source of protein and essential fats and vitamins

Serve only raw or naturally sweetened because artificial sweeteners are very toxic to dogs

Unseasoned Cooked Chicken (or Turkey)

Great source of protein that is naturally low-fat

Easily digestible and can be mixed with rice for dogs with irregular or irritable bowel symptoms

Be careful to remove meat from the bones as cooked chicken bones can easily splinter and become a choking hazard

Cheese

Good source of calcium and dogs will love this as a treat but should be only given as that and never a meal replacement as cheese has a very high-fat content

But the earlier warning about lactose intolerance still applies—so monitor your pet and be aware of signs of discomfort

Carrots

Help clean dogs’ teeth as they chew

High in fiber, vitamin A and naturally low-calorie

Salmon

Good source of omega 3 which promotes a healthy, shiny coat and supports immune systems

Pumpkin

Great for an upset stomach because it has both a high water content and high fiber content

A great source for beta-carotene which converts to vitamin A when digested

You can prepare a fresh pumpkin or serve the canned variety (we like the latter because it’s easily mixed into your dog’s regular meal for a little extra digestion help—make sure its 100% pumpkin and not pumpkin pie filling which is loaded with sugar and spices that may not be dog-friendly)

Cooked Eggs

Boiled or cooked eggs are a great source of protein, essential amino acids, and fatty acids

They are famously easy on the stomach and can be a good thing to feed your dog when he’s not feeling well

Green Beans

Low calorie and high in fiber, iron and many other essential vitamins and minerals

Apple Slices (but remember the seeds & core contain cyanide)

Apple slices are high in fiber, vitamin A and vitamin C with the added bonus that the texture of the apple can help clean residue off their teeth and freshen their breath

Make sure to only feed slices because (as we mentioned above) the core and seeds contain cyanide and are highly toxic

If you think your dog has eaten something harmful, do not wait to seek treatment.  

Call your veterinarian and follow their instructions, or contact a 24-hour poison control helpline—info below:

ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center

888-426-4435

https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control

Pet Poison Helpline

855-764-7661

When learning about this breed a good place to start is the correct pronunciation.  From a quick glance, you might think this breed is called "Key-shonds,” but in fact they are called "Kayz-hawnds” which is a call-back to their Dutch roots; the Keeshond is the national dog of the Netherlands! Their striking tri-color coat and voluminous profile have attracted many fans across the globe.  Today, they are the 92nd most popular purebred dog in the United States falling in line just behind the Tibetan Terrier.

The Keeshond Standard

The Keeshond is a Spitz breed that was most likely descended from Chow Chows, Norwegian Elkhounds, and Pomeranians. The breed is known for its compact size and ample tri-color, double coat with a "thick ruff" around the neck.   Keeshonds also display a bright, happy and curious expression. According to the standard, their eyes must be dark brown, medium size and almond shaped with a slight upward slant. This standard developed to help them thrive in the snowy arctic and subarctic European regions.  As Debbie Lynch points out in her article for the AKC Gazette, their eye shape and color have very practical applications for life in the arctic as round or protruding eyes would be a serious disadvantage in the cold, windy environment and would be prone to damage.  Furthermore, she writes, many arctic breeds are required to "squint down" into the snow, so to combat the bright glare off the snow, the breed was developed with dark eyes and a noticeable "dark rim" around the eye.   Their ears were given similar thought in their development.  Since larger ears would be prone to freezing and frostbite, the breed was developed with a small, triangular shaped ear placed high on their head so they could be more mobile and alert to the surrounding environment.

Temperament

Keeshonds were raised primarily to be companions and watchdogs.  Interestingly, they are one of the few breeds that were never bred to hunt or kill animals or attack and chase criminals (yes, even your adorable 5lb Yorkshire Terrier was originally bred to catch rats and sometimes burrow after larger prey like badgers and foxes!). Many attribute their gentle, intelligent, and people-loving nature to this unique breed development. Keeshonds can be very adaptable to many different environments, but they can be loud so they may not be the best choice for homes that need to be mindful of their noise level.

Work

Keeshonds were used primarily as watchdogs on riverboats, farms, and barges.  Their compact size and low center of gravity were a significant help to them in this role because it helped them to keep their balance on rocky barges and open water.  More recently, these dogs have excelled in therapy and emotional support work. A one-year-old Keeshond named Tikva was famously present during the long hours after the 9-11 attack to provide comfort to rescue workers on-site, and on the 10-year anniversary, she was formally recognized for her work.  Their eagerness to please and ability to learn quickly makes the Keeshond highly trainable—which combined with their gentle nature—would seem to make them a natural fit for guide dog work, but unfortunately, their size has restricted their ability to excel in this role.  On the other hand, this limitation uniquely qualifies them to be excellent therapy dogs for children, and as such, per the Keeshond Parent Club they have done a lot of work providing emotional support to children with autism.

Grooming

The Keeshond requires some commitment when it comes to grooming.  Experts recommend they receive a daily brushing (or at least every other day) to help shake out dirt from their outer coat and prevent matting in their undercoat.  The double-coat construction helps keep the Keeshond comfortable in all weather conditions. The outermost layer, called the guard coat, naturally repels dirt and water while the undercoat provides comfort in all weather conditions.  It serves as insulation on cooler days and ventilation on warmer days by allowing air to flow close to the skin and cool the dog. Inexperienced owners may be tempted to "shave" the coat during warmer months but that is not recommended. Using clippers on the coat destroys its natural architecture so it cannot function properly to insulate and warm, or ventilate and cool the dog. Though their coats appear to be a little different from a classic "hand-stripped" breed (like a border terrier), the grooming techniques preferred to keep the coat in top condition are very similar. Here is a great article about Keeshond grooming, available through the Keeshond Club of America website.

Health

My dog Bowser is a Brussels Griffon, specifically, a red, rough-coated Brussels Griffon. However, this description doesn’t quite paint the full picture because not only does he have a rough, wiry outercoat, but he also has a soft, downy undercoat. When properly cared for, the combination of the two coats provides a multitude of benefits to Bowser.  His undercoat provides insulation and protection from the cold, and his outercoat is naturally wind resistant and repels dirt and water which keeps his skin dry and comfortable.  So how do we keep his coat in top condition so he can take full advantage of the benefits of a wire coat? We strip! That is to say—we have him hand-stripped!

Hand-stripping is a grooming technique unfamiliar to most, though it turns out, many breeds can benefit from the extra time and attention in their routine.  When done correctly, hand stripping decreases shedding, offers natural weather protection, and promotes healthy skin and hair—the latter of which will take on a deep, rich color.   So what exactly is hand-stripping? Put simply, it is the process of pulling dead hair out of the undercoat of a wire-coated/non-shedding dog to prevent matting while simultaneously preserving the dense, protective outercoat. Stripping is generally painless and some dogs have even been known to come to enjoy it! To get a better look at the process, here is a great video that does a nice job of showing and explaining the mechanics of this technique.

When you first start stripping your dog, you will have to maintain regular appointments that can be pricey—but fear not! Over time, and as your dog’s outercoat becomes more developed, you will be able to keep him in great condition with only 2 or 3 grooming appointments per year.  Your bathing responsibilities at home will get easier too. Because the outercoat is naturally dirt and water repelling, their need for bath-time will dramatically decrease. In fact, per our own groomer, the best thing to do in between appointments is to lightly run a pumice stone over your dog’s coat which catches any newly dead hair and encourages the outercoat to grow even stronger.  Another maintenance technique you can try is lightly “rolling” the coat.  To do this, you will pinch a small amount of hair and roll it between your fingertips while gently tugging which will remove any newly dead hairs.  

Are you wondering if your new puppy could benefit from hand-stripping? If he is a terrier or has “wirehaired” in his name, there is a good chance he’ll have the right coat! Breeds that are suggested to be hand-stripped are the following:

Affenpinscher

Airedale Terrier

Australian Terrier

Border Terrier

Brussels Griffon

Cairn Terrier

Dachshund (Wirehaired)

Dandie Dinmont Terrier

German Wirehaired Pointer

Giant Schnauzer

Ibizan (Wirehaired)

Irish Terrier

Irish Wolfhound

Lakeland Terrier

Miniature Schnauzer

Norfolk Terrier

Otterhound

Parsons Terrier

Petite Bassett Griffon Vandeen

Scottish Deerhound

Scottish Terrier

Sealyham Terrier

Spinone Italiano

Standard Schnauzer

Welsh Terrier

Wire Fox Terrier

Wirehaired Pointing Griffon

The versatile Brittany is a spirited, happy, eager to please, intelligent and agile dog. Their disposition combined with a natural athletic ability makes this breed a great hunting companion as well as a loving and loyal family pet. Not only are they extremely competitive in field trials, but they are also prized for their handsome look. By 2006, the Brittany earned the distinction of having more American dual championships, meaning titles in both field competition and conformation, than any other breed as noted by the American Brittany Club. To date, over 600 Brittanys have achieved this honor!

The Brittany is thought to have been first bred in the mid-1800s with origins in the Brittany region of France. Up until the 1980s, the breed was known as the Brittany Spaniel because of its breed origin—they were a descendent of French spaniels that were then crossed with English setters. However, the “spaniel” portion of their name was dropped when it was observed that the dog’s behavior was much more akin to Pointers and other traditional “gun dog” breeds.

According to the breed’s standard, the Brittany is a medium sized, compact and leggy dog with a temperament that is happy and alert, and neither mean nor shy. They have a soft, feathery coat that can be either orange & white or liver & white; in general, the coat can be either a clear or roan pattern. On the grooming front, they are relatively low maintenance as their coats naturally repel dirt and water. Only weekly brushing is required to keep the coat in top condition. When full-grown, they are about 30-40 pounds and stand between 18-20” at the shoulders. This sporting breed loves to be outside and is generally adaptable to both warm and cool climates. Brittanys are incredibly loyal and enjoy socializing with their family. Their sweet, friendly nature and medium size make the Brittany a good choice for active families with young children.  

The Brittany was bred to spend all day in the field, and thrive when given at least an hour of vigorous exercise each day. Furthermore, most Brittanys are able to jump well over four feet, so it is strongly recommended that their homes have large yards with high fencing for daily play. In the field, they can be trained to hunt, point, flush and retrieve game. They enjoy accompanying their owners on full-day adventures and are confident partners on land and in the water. Brittanys like to work and their intelligence and eagerness to please make them generally easy to train. As with any other active breed, when bored or under-exercised, the Brittany will become restless and find other ways to expend their energy (like excessively barking and/or chewing).

The Rhodesian Ridgeback is a unique breed that is so named for a strip of hair growing in the opposite direction along the top of his back from the tail forward to his head which forms the appearance of a ridge atop his spine. Sometimes referred to as the “Lion Hound” for their large game hunting roots in Southern Africa, they are said to be bred out of many large breeds, hounds and terriers (including but not limited to Great Danes, Bloodhounds, Greyhounds, and mastiffs as well as the “half-wild Hottentot”) which created superior hunting dogs—athletic and agile with keen senses, a protective nature, and a loyal devotion to their owners. The breed is a relative newcomer to the scene as the first standard wasn’t drafted until the 20th century, in 1922, and later became officially recognized in the United States by the AKC in 1955.

Because the Rhodesian Ridgeback is instilled with a protective nature, it does not need to be further trained as a guard dog, but rather, most recommend lots of early socialization and obedience training to reinforce good behavior in a young pup. With early, positive training, this dog makes a great family pet, and can even make an excellent therapy dog! It’s been reported that many people find petting Ridgebacks along the spine in the unique direction (back to front) to be very calming and relaxing.

They come in nine colors which appear on a spectrum from light wheaten to red wheaten with various nose and coat color combinations. However, it’s worth noting that to the average person all the colors generally appear as shades of light to dark warm, reddish brown. Any puppy advertised as black and tan, blue, or any other color outside of the standard, should be a red flag to buyers that the puppy was not properly bred and could likely present other unforeseen health and temperament issues.

A full grown Ridgeback will stand 24-27” high and can weigh around 70-85 pounds when kept in shape.  With such a large mass, this large breed can be overpowering when engaged in rowdier play. Take care to closely supervise young children during playtime, or consider waiting till children are a little older before adding one to the family.

Homes that can provide lots of exercise and playtime tend to be the most successful for this breed. They require at least an hour of vigorous exercise a day as well as the mental stimulation that games and training provide. Ridgebacks are described as independent, intelligent and willfully disobedient, but have a strong desire to please and utter devotion to their family and owners. Harnessing their eagerness to make you happy combined with their incredible athleticism also makes them highly competitive in agility and lure coursing arenas! As such it should come as no surprise that these dogs have become favorites of the professional athlete community with Carl Lewis, Blake Griffin and Tim Tebow all choosing the agile hound to be their canine companion.

The following pros and cons of life with a Ridgeback were originally compiled by the Rhodesian Ridgeback Rescue organization, and provide a great, concise summation of the benefits and drawbacks of owning a Ridgeback. For further reading, you can see the full article here: http://www.ridgebackrescue.org/breedinfo/RRCUS_right_dog_for_your_family.html.

What are the good points of owning a Ridgeback?

Ridgebacks have a short coat, don't shed much and are practically odor free -- great for hot climates.

They are quite discriminating in who or what they bark at...you should ALWAYS go check it out.

They are not fussy eaters and have virtually "cast-iron" digestive systems.

They love living with people and are generally quiet in the house.

Ridgebacks are intelligent and want to please their owner.

Ridgebacks are easily house-trained.

And, of course, they are the most handsome of dogs!

What are the drawbacks?

As puppies they have surgical -- knife sharp teeth and the jaw power of a Doberman Pinscher...they should never be allowed to play roughly with humans of any age. They can do major damage to coffee tables, shoes and anything else they can find to chomp on. Crate training is a must to protect home furnishings while you are not at home. As     juveniles, if left unattended, they can cause your house to self-destruct...at least, it may appear that way! If left in the yard, they will find things to chew on that you may not even know you own until it ceases working. A bored Ridgeback is a major disaster waiting to happen.

They are capable of digging ranch-sized holes, biting the limbs off shrubs and ripping up small trees People who love to garden must contend with the fact that their backyards will belong to the dog!

They are not fussy eaters and have cast-iron stomachs - and you thought this was a good thing -- NOT! It also means they will attempt to eat anything that doesn't eat them first. They are master counter-surfers...nothing is spared and they are fast. Ridgeback owners have a tendency to overfeed their dogs, causing gas - not the most pleasant aspect of dog ownership. Remember, a Ridgeback always thinks it’s     hungry! You have to feed on schedule and stick to your plan.

Ridgebacks are "people" dogs, which means they should be treated as family and not made to live solely alone in the yard, otherwise, you wind up with a big, powerful, pushy creature of your making! An adult RIDGEBACK can clear a five foot fence if they want to. A bored dog is going to look for something to do, even if that means outside your yard. No one wants to live next door to someone who lets their dog out to eliminate on the neighbors’ yard, whose dog gets out and kills cats or scares the walkers, joggers and bike riders.

Ridgebacks grow to be big dogs and must attended obedience classes with you so he won't become a "bad apple" and make an ugly impression of the breed on anyone. Learning to walk on a loose lead at an early age is essential – nobody should be drug around by a big

Ridgebacks are intelligent…this too, has been said -- what is means is they are fully capable of training you before you can train them. They are quite clever and can be willfully disobedient. The earlier the obedience classes the better. We can’t say this enough - A bored Ridgeback can be quite destructive and may develop bad habits of     chewing, escaping crate and fencing, barking out of boredom and generally making a pest of themselves. It is essential that you have the time to put in with them, which can be as simple as having them in the house with you when you are home or spending time making sure they get a good amount of exercise…whether outside hiking, training, running or walking with them in safe areas.

Ridgebacks must be introduced to cats and even so, may be aggressive towards strange felines.

In addition to the information quoted above, the rescue organization has compiled several other useful articles about responsible Ridgeback ownership which can be found on this main page:

http://www.ridgebackrescue.org/things_to_know_about_ridgebacks.html.

I know that this is not the first post ever written about websites brokering puppies for so called “reputable”, yet un-identified and un-knowable breeders.  What compelled me to write this post is not that these sites exist in the first place, but that they are becoming ever-wise in the ways that they disguise themselves as being anything but what they are, a front for a puppy-mill.  As someone who has created a company whose mission is to educate people on how to find a great, reputable breeder and in the process eliminate the need for these deceptive online pet shops, I felt it was necessary to add my thoughts on who they are, what they’ll say to gain your trust, and why PawPointer is different.

Why You Won’t Find Reputable Breeders on Third Party “Puppy-Brokering” Sites

To the untrained eye, sites touting puppies for sale from reputable breeders seems like a great option for those who feel they’ve done their research, prepared themselves and are finally ready to bring home a new puppy, tomorrow. There are hundreds of puppy profiles, ripe for the picking, and shipped directly to you. Sites like puppyspot.com (formerly purebredbreeders.com) and greenfieldpuppies.com have streamlined their websites for ease of use and are rife with profiles and pictures of puppy candidates promised to be your new best friend, but what aren’t you seeing on these profiles? Among other things, you won’t see contact info or even a name for the breeder. You won’t see a variety of pictures that give you a clear picture of the everyday living conditions of the dog (and in many cases you won’t see pictures of the puppies at home with mom). You won’t see a kennel name that can be used to easily search for parents’ OFA health evaluations (more on that later). Without this information, it’s hard to confirm if your dog is not coming from a puppy mill. You can read about the conditions you might find at one such puppy mill in a recent Rolling Stones article here, http://www.rollingstone.com/culture/features/the-dog-factory-inside-the-sickening-world-of-puppy-mills-w457673.

Another good common sense check is this: would a reputable breeder who loves and cares for each life they bring into this world and who has an absolute obligation to the dog for the life of the animal ever sell a puppy to someone they do not know? No! Just because it’s time to take your new dog home, does not mean it’s the end of the relationship with your breeder. They will be invested in the health of your dog, they’ll want to know how he’s doing, and if you’ve noticed any health or temperament issues (as this info would absolutely guide further decisions in their breeding program). The bottom line is that anyone who will sell a puppy to a family or person without having done their own diligence of the home buying one of their dogs (which is a near impossibility for them when they are handing over the reins to a puppy broker and shipping their dogs sight-unseen to a new family on the other side of the country) is very likely not a reputable breeder.

“Vet Checked Puppies” vs. OFA and Specialty Club Recommended Health Screens and DNA Tests

One of the most common assurances of health that you will see on these sites is that the puppies are “vet checked.” Sounds good, right? There are a few reasons why this is not the stamp of approval you should be looking for when choosing a breeder.  Most major hereditary issues do not present themselves right away and won’t be present at your first 8-week veterinarian appointment. Some issues can take several years to develop and there will be little to no signs of a dog’s likelihood of developing these conditions that a vet will detect at a routine check-up. This leads us to the next reason this phrase means essentially nothing to guarantee the health of your new dog.  The most important health screens (i.e. those that help the breeder screen for major hereditary issues) are for the sire and dam, not the puppy, and are done prior to breeding.  These tests allow breeders to test for everything from the soundness of their dog’s hips and elbows to whether or not they carry a gene that will increase the likelihood of a dog developing serious genetic disorders like Von Willebrand’s disease (an inherited bleeding disorder) or Degenerative Myelopathy (a disease that compromises the spinal cord). The prescribed tests vary by breed but both the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA.org) and the AKC parent clubs for each breed list the conditions showing up within the breed and which tests are important to a breeders program.  These resources are a great place to start a conversation with your breeder about what issues they’ve encountered and how testing has factored into their breeding program over the years. Bonus, as mentioned above, OFA.org makes the results of these tests available free to the public and they can be easily searched with as little information as the breed and part of the name of the dog (i.e. the breeding dog’s individual name and/or kennel name). Finally, the mere assurance that a dog is “vet checked” says nothing of the breeder’s vaccination records or that they are proactively checking for and treating any parasites that a young pup may have contracted. You’ll want to know that both are being done, and you’ll want to receive have a copy of these veterinarian records in hand so that you and your own veterinarian can decide the best course of care for your young puppy.

“Champion Bloodlines” vs. Active Competition in the Show Ring and out in the field

Many sites or breeders will advertise that their puppies come from “Champion Bloodlines”.  On the surface, this statement would seem to be a validation of the breeder’s commitment to only breeding dogs that have exceptional conformation to the standard or have the temperament and athleticism necessary to compete successfully in field, agility, and or/ obedience events. But there is a danger lurking among this clever wording that may not be exactly what you expect. AKC pedigrees detail at least five generations for each dog, that’s a record of 62 dogs of which only one may have been a conformation or competition ring champion.  To the average dog buyer, at first blush, you may not have a preference towards “champion lines” or non-champion-lined dogs. But you should care, and here’s why.  Breeders who spend their time competing in conformation, obedience, agility, field trials, or a whole host of other dog events, are doing so in part because they enjoy the competitive arena, but it also helps to inform breeders decisions when planning a litter. Choosing a “champion-line” dog means you are choosing a puppy from a litter that was bred specifically to pass on great temperaments and sound structure.  Essentially, you are choosing a litter that was meant to improve upon and move ever closer to the prescribed standard of that breed.  Great breeders won’t just have one champion among the 62 dogs that make up a puppy’s parentage, ideally all breeding dogs should have a title and should be proven to be worthy of passing on their genes to the next generation of the breed.  

New Sites Treat the Process of Finding a Puppy Like Using a Dating App

What is troubling about the newest crop of sights popping up seems to be their perspective on matching puppies with potential families based on puppy profiles and personality algorithms. Following almost the same set up as a dating site, someone looking for a dog becomes excited about the puppy that they’ve fallen in love with—it’s their match! But there’s a problem with this mindset.  While the puppy will be in your life for the next 10-15 years, the relationship that you should be most concerned with getting right when looking for a dog is your relationship with the breeder. The benefits of choosing a reputable, responsible, high quality breeder go far beyond the health and temperament of your dog. If you find a breeder that you are comfortable with (and who is comfortable with you), the relationship can last a lifetime! They will be there for you if anything happens, if you need advice, if you have a question—they are your 24 hour unconditional support because they care as much about t the health and quality of life of your dog as you do! Some breeders will even organize yearly meet-ups for their “puppy parents” and offer boarding services if you go out of town.  Each breeder will differ on their level of involvement with their puppy parents, so it’s important you take the time to find the right breeder for you! It may sound a little cheesy, but if you prefer to think of the process in the terms of a dating site you should think of the process as dating the breeder, and not the puppy.

What Makes PawPointer Different

Taking each of the points we’ve gone through in this post, you will see that PawPointer is clearly different than other sites that exist today.  PawPointer is not a puppy brokering site.  We are a connection point between you (the dog buyer) and our vetted, reputable breeders. At no point are we responsible for the sale of an individual puppy at the breeder’s request, nor do we masquerade the breeders within our network.  Our goal is to be your best first step in the process of looking for a great breeder, and then you and the breeder are able to start a direct relationship that will hopefully lead to a happy ending of you finding your new best friend!

As the 33rd most popular dog in the U.S. according to annual AKC registrations, you may not immediately know the vizsla. But their stunning rust colored coats, matching soulful eyes and graceful, athletic bodies make them one of the most eye-catching breeds.  They are a medium size and high energy hunting dog that is both expertly skilled in the field and a gentle, affectionate companion in the home—characteristics that were expertly honed by breeders dating as far back as the 10th century in continental Europe, and more specifically, Hungary, where they originated.

Versatility was one of the key components that Hungarians looked for in their hunting dogs. Vizslas, also known more primitively as Hungarian Pointers, were bred to work in the field, forest, and water and return home to sleep with the children of the home at night. They needed to have tremendous drive and endurance coupled with a high agility and athleticism in addition to being a great family dog that could seamlessly transition to life at home. As Jenny Hawthorne writes in her essay, “The Versatile Vizsla,” the latter was so important that over the years there was actually a culling of any vizsla that showed signs of aggression towards children.

These days, not much has changed for the Vizsla. While most in this country will only see the field during recreational activities, they still crave outdoor exercise and enjoy the working environment. While they are said to be great family dogs, with high energy dogs and with small children and dogs in general, it’s always a good idea to supervise play time with the kids.  Vizslas are also known to be quite communicative with their families.  They are said to have a whole repertoire of sounds they use to talk from barking and whining to moaning and even singing! Fear not, they are not typically a dog that will bark through all hours of the day and night.  Their vocalizations are more of a testament to their desire and willingness to communicate while they follow their owners are the house.

Another quirky characteristic of the vizsla is that they are very clean dogs. Some will even lick themselves clean, just like our feline friends, to keep their coats nicely groomed. Their tendencies, coupled with their short, smooth coats, makes for relatively low grooming requirements. Unless your vizsla gets into something particularly muddy or smelly outside, most only need a bath every other month.  As with many breeds, frequent bathing can sometimes exaggerate sensitive skin issues, so it’s best to keep bathing to the recommended frequency to keep the coat and skin in top condition.  

When it’s time to start training, starting early and keeping it positive is the key with this breed. It’s important to keep in mind that they want to work for you and very trainable, but need patience and persistence to focus their energy during training exercises. They are said to be highly sensitive which can be a helpful trait during training sessions because they will want to please you—keep it upbeat with lots of positive reinforcement and your vizsla will respond in kind.

Vizslas are considered to be one a healthier breed with fewer inherent health issues. That said, there are still a few tests recommended by the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFFA.org) that will help breeders to determine the health of any animal they are planning to breed. At the very least, someone considering one of these dogs should speak to their breeder about the following tests: hip exam (to test for Hip Dysplasia), eye exam, and thyroid exam (specifically to test for Autoimmune Thyroiditis).

The Greater Swiss Mountain Dog is an ancient breed originating in the Swiss Alps. Though its true origins are still a source of debate, it is widely believed that this breed of dog descended from a breed of ancient European Mastiffs. Farmers unable to afford horses bred these extra-large dogs to have strength, agility and working drive so they could perform all the functions of a large draught animal. At the time, these dogs were known simply as “Sennenhunds.” Since then, the Sennenhund group was divided into four breeds, Bernese Mountain Dogs, Entlebuchers, Appenzellers and the Greater Swiss Mountain Dog.  The AKC officially recognized the latter in 1995 and they stand as the 98th most popular breed today.

Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs come in one color and pattern. They all display a short tri-color (white, black and rust) coat which is relatively low maintenance. They are shedders, but brushing on a weekly basis can help remove some of the loose hairs. This is especially important during seasons where dogs are shedding their heavy coats.

The breed is known to be active and calm, sociable but protective of their homes and family. They have tremendous strength and power, and have been described as a majestic, noble breed. Early socialization is a key component in raising one of these pups. Though they are sweet and loyal to their family, they can be powerful watchdogs, wary of strangers and aggressive if not properly socialized.

Apartment living is not recommended for the large breed.  Their exercise needs are about average, but they do enjoy having regular access to a fenced in yard and space to roam throughout the day. As Carol Gehret, the newest member of the PawPointer reputable breeder family put it during our meeting, whenever you are considering what environment is best for a dog you must “remember what they were bred to do.” Swissies, as they are affectionately known as, are a working breed. They are strong and enjoy the exercise that cart and weight pulling provides them, so keeping them confined to small indoor spaces for most of their days will likely have an adverse effect on this working breed.

If you are considering making one of these noble dogs the next member of your family, there are a few health screens you should make sure to discuss with your chosen breeder prior to brining one home. OFA recommends testing for Hip Dysplasia, Elbow Dysplasia, and having their eyes examined and shoulders evaluated. Some other less common health concerns that have presented in the breed (but are less common) are epilepsy, splenic torsion, and gastric torsion.  

We are so thrilled to welcome, Greater Swiss Mountain Dog breeder Carol Gehret of Alburtis, PA to our network at PawPointer.com! Head over to the site now and check out her full profile!

The summer season is a time that many look forward to spending with their canine companions. Long days, extra vacation time, and no school for the kids for many add up to lots of well-deserved play time with the pup. Whether it’s an afternoon at the park, hiking nearby trails, or hitting the road for a beach day, there are an endless number of opportunities to enjoy quality time with your dog.  But it seems like even those parts of the world once known for their pleasantly warm but never too hot summers are experiencing record breaking heat waves. While we can sweat it out and keep an ice-cold bottle of water at arms-length, our canine pals don’t have such an easy time which is what inspired the following post. We’ve pulled together some helpful tips and potentially lifesaving advice that all dog owners should keep in mind as the mercury rises over the next few weeks.

First, a somewhat obvious tip, but a great place to start our list: make sure your dog always has access to fresh water! For prolonged periods outdoors (whether spending time at the dog park, or on a walk), you can bring a bottle of water and collapsible bowl to fill up for your pooch. Some companies now make bottles with drinking troughs attached at the cap for easy access on the go.

If your dog is outside at a park or playing in the yard, make sure it has access to lots of shade and water to cool off.  Unlike humans, dogs do not have sweat glands to help regulate their internal temperature. Instead dogs must pant to cool the air they are breathing. Since dogs don’t have the ability to sweat on their own, owners can use cooling cloths placed on the dogs neck or back to help their dogs cool down. Many companies now sell cooling collars that serve this function or special cooling towels, but if you are in a bind, a small hand towel or cloth handkerchief will also do the trick!  

Your dog’s paws are amazingly tough, but in the height of the summer concrete and asphalt temperatures can skyrocket and become potentially very dangerous. A good rule of thumb: if it’s too hot for you to stand on barefoot, it’s probably too hot for your pet too! Restricting your dog to grass and soft ground is always a good idea, but something you may not have considered is giving your dog an extra layer of protection by way of a wax seal. The same way you would apply lip balm regularly to protect lips from the elements, wax (one we like: Musher’s Secret Paw Protection Natural Dog Wax) forms a breathable barrier between the paw pads and the ground protecting him from burns and other injuries resulting from the hot ground. When the summer is over, hold on to that wax! It’s protective prowess also extends to snow and ice.

Heat stroke is not the only complication on a hot summer day.  Just like their owners, dogs are susceptible to sunburns.  Hairless breeds and dogs with light-colored, short or thinner coats are more susceptible than others as they have less natural protection from the sun. You can buy special dog sunscreen (and even no-mess SPF pre-moistened cloths) to protect your dog.  Use as directed, but keep in mind that noses and ears are also at risk for sunburns, so don’t forget to wipe their as well.

Finally, never (NEVER!) leave your dog unattended in a parked car. Even if you are only planning to be away for a very short time, temperatures can rise quickly and become deadly in a matter of minutes on a hot summer day.

As a responsible pet owner, there are certain risk-factors for heat-stroke and heat exhaustion that one should keep in mind.  If you live in a hot place or are moving to a hot place, being aware of these risks can help you to be more mindful of your own dog’s susceptibility to the heat. According to petMD.com, risk factors include but are not limited to:

·         Dogs’ history of heat related disease

·         Age (the very old and very young are more susceptible to heat disease)

·         Heat intolerance due to poor acclimation to the environment (think a very thickly coated, shaggy dog on a hot day)

·         Obesity

·         Poor heart/lung condition or underlying heart/lung disease

·         Increased levels of thyroid hormore (hyperthyroidism)

·         Short nosed or flat faced breeds (also known as brachycephalic breeds)

·         Dehydration, insufficient water intake, restricted access to water

Though some breeds are more susceptible to over-heating and heat stroke than others, all breeds are at risk.  Heat stroke is extremely dangerous and can have complications ranging from excessive drooling to cardiopulmonary arrest. It’s important to know the signs of heat stroke so you can take action before it’s too late.  Look out for the following (these are some of the most common symptoms and should alert you to immediate danger):

·         Rapid Panting

·         Red or Pale Gums

·         Bright Red Tongue

·         Excessive drooling (also known as ptylaism or hyper salivation)

·         Rapid Heart Rate or Irregular Heart Beats

·         Increased body temperature

·         Vomiting and/or Vomiting Blood

·         Black, tarry stool or blood in the stool

·         Dizziness

·         Shock

·         Seizures

If your dog starts to present any of these symptoms, call your veterinarian immediately and take your dog to see the doctor right away. While on your way to the vet, there are a few things you can do to help begin the process of cooling. A few recommendations from petMD are as follows:

Immediately find shade or a cool indoor area to remove the dog from the heat. Rinse the body with cool water, or place cool cloths on the dogs back and neck. Try to increase the air circulation around the dog  using fans. Remember, while it may seem like a good idea, DO NOT use ice or very cold water to cool the dog. This may actually cause a complication that could do further harm to your dog. As with any dangerous situation, and we can’t stress this enough, the first thing to do is call your vet and follow their direction.

Hopefully these were helpful tips, and remember, if in doubt: cool water, find some shade and call the vet if you see or suspect anything unusual!

The modern Chihuahua was named as such after first appearing in the state of Chihuahua, Mexico in the mid to late 1800s. That said, experts have noted Chihuahua-like animals in Mexican artwork dating back to ancient times! Interestingly enough, the origins of this breed is still heavily debated.  Most believe that the Techichi, an ancient breed of dog owned by the Toltec’s and indigenous to Central America, was the predecessor of the modern Chihuahua.  Conversely, competing theories place the origins of this breed as far away as China and make the case that the non-native dog was introduced to Mexico by Spanish explorers on their trade routes. Either way, the Chihuahua that we know and love today was officially recognized by the AKC in 1904, and stands as America’s 29th most popular dog breed today.

In 2002, the Chihuahua cracked the top 10 and became one of the most popular breeds in the U.S. This was no doubt fueled by the popularity they gained after garnering the attention of Hollywood executives.  The breed took on a headlining role in three Beverly Hills Chihuahua movies, co-starred opposite Reese Witherspoon in the blockbuster hit, Legally Blonde, and even became a national spokesperson for Taco Bell in their long running, “Yo Quiero Taco Bell” advertising campaign. Off-screen, the pocket-sized (or rather pocket-book-sized) breed has been a constant companion of Hollywood starlets. Paris Hilton, Paula Abdul, Hillary Duff, Jennifer Lopez, Madonna, and even Marilyn Monroe have all famously owned Chihuahuas.

The breed is said to be graceful, charming and sassy. They are also very intelligent, alert and are said to have an almost terrier-like temperament. They come in both long and smooth coats in a rainbow of colors and markings ranging from solid black, red or cream to chocolate & tan or fawn & white. They can be masked, merle marked, spotted or brindled, and are all wrapped up in a tiny frame weighing no more than 6 pounds (according to the AKC breed standard). In fact, they are officially the smallest recognized breed, narrowly beating out the Yorkshire Terrier whose breed standard allows up to 7 pounds.

We recently visited the home of Cecilia Bozzo, champion line Chihuahua breeder and one of our newest members of the PawPointer.com reputable breeder family.  When asked what makes her breed so special, she had this to say: “Chihuahuas have always drawn me in by their incredible presence in a tiny, beautiful package. The sparkle in their eyes, their saucy expression, their sassy and intelligent temperament and their endless love and devotion for their person characterizes them into an almost other-wordly being I could never live without. Living with a Chihuahua (or many Chihuahuas) brings my life such joy. Each and every one has their own very special personality. They are easy keepers and are so adaptable to different environments. They travel easily and can pretty much go anywhere you go.”

Cecilia’s sentiments very much echo what Chihuahua lovers will often cite about their breed. Intelligent, adaptable, sassy and totally devoted to their people are things one hears time and time again about these pups. They love to run and play and because of their diminutive statures they also make great city and apartment dogs.  It is worth nothing that Chihuahuas can be quite susceptible to the cold weather. Owners living in northern climates should invest in a few jackets and, as always, remain vigilant (and even limit) outdoor playtime during colder months to keep their Chihuahua happy and safe. Another important thing to keep in mind, is that while they may seem like a good match for tiny hands, young children may unintentionally injure the delicately framed Chihuahua. Homes with young children may want to consider a studier breed less likely to be affected by child play, or wait a few years until kids understand how to be gentle with the tiny pups.

As with almost all toy breeds, Chihuahuas can have patella problems, so a good breeder should have their dogs evaluated prior to any planned litters. The Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) also encourages breeders to do cardiac evaluations and have their eyes examined by an ACVO Ophthalmologist. On the whole, the breed is said to be relatively healthy and can be expected to live anywhere from 10-18 years!

PawPointer is thrilled to welcome our newest breeder, Cecilia Bozzo of Viva Chihuahuas, to the network.  Check out her profile now on PawPointer.com!