FIGURE. Box plots with quartiles (upper values75%,median50%, and lower values 25%) for the attach slope and spectral centroid in each stimulus category.Ā Outliers and extreme values are excluded.Ā Ā
Happy music with lyrics had significantly faster attack slopes than sad music with and without lyrics(TĀ >3,Ā pĀ <0.002). However, happy or sad music with lyrics did not differ in attack slopes from happy or sad music without lyrics (pĀ >0.07), and happy music without lyrics did not differentiate in the attacks lopes from sad music with or without lyrics (pĀ >0.1).Ā
Brattico, E., Alluri, V., Bogert, B., Jacobsen, T., Vartiainen, N., Nieminen, S., & Tervaniemi, M.Ā 2011. A Functional MRI Study of Happy and Sad Emotions in Music with and withoutĀ Lyrics.Ā Frontiers in Psychology,Ā 2: 308.Ā