Email was never designed to do what we use it for. By the time this problem became apparent, it was too late to do anything about it.
It is a shame that such an important subject is given so little thought on a programme carrying such credibility for insight and analysis of current issues. But rather than celebrate the achievement of Ray Tomlinson they decided to have a shallow look at the current state of email. Â So what might they have covered? Â Well, email is not in decline in some situations and it is (in some ways) in others. Â The facts are this. Â Email is still growing in business-to-business and business-to-consumer modes. Â It is declining in consumer-to-consumer, which is driven by the newer generations being brought up on phones and tablets with more limited interfaces.
Letâs break email down into its basic parts. It will help us understand why itâs successful and why the reports of new kids on the block are maybe exaggerated. Â What is âemailâ? Â âEmailâ is simply the moving of information in an asynchronous manner between two entities using SMTP (simple message transfer protocol). Â The important points here are that: 1. it is asynchronous communication and 2. that the information moves. Â This is key because to understand the limitations of email you need to understand what the essence of email really is.
The asynchronous manner is simple to understand. Â I am not talking some deep IT protocol principle here, just the fact that you can communicate between two entities over a period of time. Â Synchronous communication is a phone call. Â Both parties have to be on the same call at the same time and having a conversation at the same time. Â You do not phone someone and say your opening sentence and then hang up and the person at the other end ring you back some time later and reply. Â Phone calls and face-to-face communication are very useful. Â But calls have limitations: 1. you need both parties available at the same time. Â 2. you both have to be willing to communicate at that time. Â We accept these limitations and have no problem here. Â
Funnily enough, when email has limitations we are not ok with that at all. Â By its nature, email is asynchronous. Â The good thing about email is that you can send a message without having to worry about whether it is convenient to the person at the other end. Â What this means is that it email enables a more convenient way to communicate and lends itself well to non-time-critical communication. Â Email is convenient. It is because email is so convenient that the issues start. Â When the tool is used in a hierarchical organisation (one boss, many employees) then numbers of emails in the bossâs inbox can be considerable. Â It is also inappropriately used for time-critical communication when a call or other channel may be better. Â It therefore puts us all into the mode that some emails may be time-critical and so we have to watch it. This is how constant monitoring becomes the norm.
The second attribute of email is that information moves. Â You put information into your email and that information is sent, basically as text and it is (as much as you could describe anything online as âphysicalâ) physically moved to the recipientâs machines. Â This has some advantages in that once moved, the recipient has it locally to use. But it also has some disadvantages: 1. once sent you cannot control what the recipient does with the information; 2. they can forward it and share it at will. Â This can lead to many of the issues you will be familiar with. Â Newsnight at least managed to identify that.
Finally, email is insecure. Â Its protocols are not secure. The attempts to make it secure using SMPTs are a poor (but not useless) solution to the problem as email is stored in email inboxes typically on servers in data centres and very few people own their own. Â Your email is therefore available to read by whoever has access to these servers. Â Google is one example. Â Your email is stored in Gmail servers which are run by Google who openly admit to reading your emails to enable them to make money on targeted advertising based on what you write.
Email has been around for a long time and nobody has yet come up with anything suitable to replace it with. Â If they had, you would be using it. Â Email is hard to dislodge because it is a simple-to-use solution and it is conveniently asynchronous. Â The convenience factor far outstrips the downsides (at least in the average userâs perception). And email is ubiquitous and therefore difficult to replace. Â
The challenge for any replacement technology is whether it is proprietary or open. Â Email protocol is open standard. Â Anyone can develop a solution to handle email and you need not refer to anyone. Â But today we live in a money-driven society and the clever entrepreneurs want to invent something and roll it out to millions and make a lot of money. Â Only this is very hard to do with proprietary communication technology. Â It is like the first video phone. Â Why would you buy the first one? Â If nobody else has one, what good is it? Â Expand this up and imagine that there are thousands of different communications technologies. Â Which do you choose? Â
The idea that any single proprietary technology will get enough of a footprint to replace email in the near future is unlikely. Â The probability that the worldâs IT companies will cooperate enough together to come up with a global standard to replace email is low. Â Email was successful because it was the first. Â It did not have to dislodge another well-entrenched technology. Â It is why we have the issues we have today. Â It was never designed to do what we use it for and by the time this problem became apparent it was too late to do anything about it.
We like asynchronous communication
The technologies in other channels can be divided into a number of chunks. Â A communication channel can be asynchronous or synchronous and it can either move information or move permissions (authorisation to access static information). Â
Text messaging (SMS) is a good example of asynchronous communication but has limited use due to the size of messages available to us. Â It is a useful channel and we use it for what it was intended for. Â Other channels allow for more sophisticated information exchange (pictures etc.), but are basically the same thing. Â Few synchronous channels exist: live chat is one, phone calls (and VOIP), video messaging. Â Few have widespread use because we do like our asynchronous communication. Â We do like to control when we respond and do it, at our convenience, unlike phone calls which are done at the convenience of the caller.
There are also channels for the exchange of information which remains static. Â I.e. it is placed on a server and the recipient is told there is content for them to look at (ironically, notified by email). Â These can be very effective but they suffer the issue that there are large numbers of these solutions and we (the public) will not tolerate having 100 different communication accounts. Â So adoption will be slow and will never hit critical mass. Â They are not open standard and for this reason will never replace email.
Discussions of replacement of email need to look at the reasons for its replacement. Â If the issue is that a boss in a hierarchy is getting too many communications from their staff then the channel changes will not fix this. Â Canât cope with 100 emails per day? Â So how will you cope with 100 requests to read information on a server share or collaboration system? Â
The problem is a structural one and not a technology one. Â Security will never be cracked until we accept strong authentication. Â That means less convenience and more steps to do what you do today easily. Â There is no strong authentication on the horizon either.
This problem was best described by a friend of mine as being like a balloon. Â Even if you grab the balloon and squeeze it to try and make it smaller all that happens is that the balloon bubbles out the side of your hands. Â Email is the same. Â There is a strong chance that any change will be just that: a change and not an improvement. Â Meanwhile, we will continue to make the best of what we have. Â Email. Â In other words: donât delete your Outlook off your laptop yet, think what emails you are sending and make sure you do the simple things - if itâs confidential, encrypt it.
Simon Freeman
CEO Fresh Skies