Wook's Feeds

Chapter 12.1

PENINSULAS AND ISLANDS

-Northern Penninsulas

·   Fjords; are steep u-shaped valleys that connect to the sea and the filled with seawater after glaciers melted.

-Southern Peninsulas

-Islands

MOUNTAINS AND UPLANDS

-Mountain Chains

-Uplands

·   Uplands; are hills or very low mountains that may also contain mesas and high plateaus

·   Meseta; the central plateau of Spain

·   Massif Central; the uplands of France, which account for aout one-sixth of French lands.

RIVERS: EUROPE'S LINKS

FERTILE PLAINS: EUROPE'S BOUNTY RESOURCES SHAPE EUROPE'S ECONOMY

·   energy

·   agricultural land

RESOURCES SHAPE LIFE

Chapter 12.2

WESTERLY WINDS WARM EUROPE

·   North Atlantic Drift; a current of warm water from the tropics, flows near Europe's west coast

·   Forests to farms

HARSHER CONDITIONS INLANDS

THE SUNNY MEDDITERRANEAN

-Specical Winds

·   Mistral; a cold, dry wind from the north.

·   Sirocco, a hot, steady south wind that blows from the North Africa across the Medditerranean Sea into southern Europe.

·   The climate attracts tourists.

LAND OF MIDNIGHT SUN

Chapter 12.3

POLDERS: LAND FROM THE SEA

·   Dikes: earthen banks, hold back the northern sea

·   Polder: land that is reclaimed by diking and draining.

SEAWORKS

·   Seaworks: structures that are used to control the sea's destructive impact on human life

·   Terpen: dikes and high earthen platforms

TRANSFORMING THE SEA

·   Zuider Zee: former inlet of the North Sea in Netherlands

·   Ijseemelmeer: a freshwater lake seperated from the North Sea by a dike and bordered by polders

WATERWAYS FOR COMMERCE:

VENICE'S CANALS

·   An island city grows

·   Building on the islands

·   Problems today

A CENTURIES-OLD-PROBLEM:

DEFORESTATION