Mind Your P's and Q's

Go home beer chart, you’re drunk.

We recently digitized a handful of beer and brewery-related books, including Twenty-five years of brewing, with an illustrated history of American beer, dedicated to the friends of George Ehret (1891) by George Ehret.

It’s Beer Lover’s Day, and we take our beer history very seriously here at the Smithsonian. Check out @amhistorymuseum​‘s American Brewing History Initiative for example. And since the Smithsonian Libraries supports the research done at the Smithsonian, you can find a lot of beer-related material in our collections.

From Twenty-five years of brewing, here’s an illustration of Peter Stuyvesant, the last Dutch director-general of the colony of New Netherlands inspecting a tavern in what is now New York:

James Steel’s  Selection of the practical points of malting and brewing (1881) includes nine foldouts with great illustrations:

And the age-old conundrum – what to do about malt liquor? Essays on the Malt Liquor Question from the 1876 Philadelphia Centennial World’s Fair expounds. The presence of a brewer’s exhibition shows the importance brewing held in America as a source of innovation and pride.

Finally, who can resist a good beer pun? (Could those others include…yeast?) But on a serious note, New Fields for Brewers (1917) by Carl Alfred Nowak is a snapshot of the period right before the 18th Amendment ushering in prohibition was ratified. The anxieties of what the brewing industry would face in a dry country were plainly evident. Indeed, prohibition did profoundly change the brewing industry.

BIG STUFF

Every few months, Cool Chicks from History puts together a list of women missing from Wikipedia.  Wikipedia is often the first source people check when looking for information, but Wikipedia has a documented gender problem   (NYT 2011, Atlantic 2015, Smithsonian Mag 2016).  More men than women edit Wikipedia and that leads to a imbalance in what topics are included and how detailed the entries are.

“Why don’t you just write the articles then, Cool Chicks from History?  Why do you try to crowdsource it?”  Well, mostly because it takes about as much time to write this list as it does to write a single detailed new Wikipedia entry.  Also crowdsourcing encourages more people to participate in shaping Wikipedia.

Dozens of new articles have been created after a woman was listed as a Cool Chick from History Missing from Wikipedia.  Some examples: Helen Octavia Dickens, Rosa Maria Hinojosa de Balli, Eunice Dennie Burr, Hazel Garland, Katharine Harley.  This amazing list of first female physician by country was created after Cool Chicks from History asked the mysterious Wikipedia editors out there to create one.  That is a great resource that didn’t exist before.  In April, a list of first female lawyers by country was created by a tumblr user.

If you are interested in learning how to edit Wikipedia articles, there is a tutorial here.  There is also a place for friendly Wikipedia help here.

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Lucie Aubrac (French politician) has a Wikipedia page, but it needs citations and expansion.  Guardian obituary, NYT obituary, English language biography,English language autobiography.   

Emma Fielding Baker (Mohegan medicine woman) does not have a Wikipedia page, but she is mentioned on the Connecticut Women’s Hall of Fame page and on the page for Gladys Tantaquidgeon.  More information: 1, 2, 3, 4

Helene Thomas Bennett (US scientist) does not have a Wikipedia page, but she is mentioned on the Arizona Women’s Hall of Fame page.  More information: 1, 2, 3, 

Orapin Chaikarn (Thai Member of Parliament) does not have a Wikipedia page. 

Caterina Cybo (Italian noble) has an Italian Wikipedia page, but no English language Wikipedia page. She is mentioned on the Wikipedia pages of her father, mother, and husband.

Acha of Deira (Ancient English princess) does not have a Wikipedia page, but she is mentioned on the pages of her relatives: 1, 2, 3.  More information: 1, 2,3 

Caroline Hazard (US college president) does not have a Wikipedia page, but she is mentioned on the page for Rhode Island Heritage Hall of Fame Women Inductees.  More information: 1, 2, 3 

Aurora Jiménez de Palacios (Mexican politician) has a Spanish language Wikipedia page, but no English language page.  More information: 1, 2

Juanita Larrauri (Argentine politician) has a Spanish language Wikipedia page, but no English language page. More information: 1, 2

Mabel Catherine Malherbe (South African politician) has a French language Wikipedia page and an Afrikan Wikipedia page, but no English language page.  More information 

Marthe Simard (French politician) has a French language Wikipedia page, but no English language page.

Virginia Thrall Smith (US activist) does not have a Wikipedia page, but she is mentioned on the Connecticut Women’s Hall of Fame page.  More information: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Aristodama of Smyrna (Greek poet) has a Wikipedia page, but more information should be added.

Shaista Suhrawardy Ikramullah (Pakistani politician) has a Wikipedia page, but it needs sources and expansion.  More information: 1, 2

Takahashi Mizuko (Japanese physician) does not have a Wikipedia page.  More information: 1, 2, 3

Anyte of Tegea (Greek poet) has a Wikipedia page, but more information should be added.

Tokyo Women’s Medical University does not have a Wikipedia page, but it is mentioned on the Yoshioka Yayoi page and the list of medical schools in Japan page.

Leonor Teles (Portuguese queen consort) has a Wikipedia page, but it needs work (and references).  More information: 1, 2, 3

Augusta Lewis Troup (US activist) does not have a Wikipedia page, but she is mentioned on the Connecticut Women’s Hall of Fame page.  More information: 1, 2, 

National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses has a Wikipedia page, but it needs some work.  Not sure why the header is an acronym.  The organization was founded by Martha Minerva Franklin and Estelle Massey Osborne  later served as president.  More information: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Martha Minerva Franklin (US nurse) does not have a Wikipedia page, but she is mentioned on the Connecticut Women’s Hall of Fame page.  More information: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. 

Estelle Massey Osborne (US nurse) does not have a Wikipedia page.  She is mentioned on the timeline of nursing history and the NYU nursing pages.  More information: 1, 2 

Women in Pharmacy should have an overview page like Women in Medicine. There doesn’t even seem to be a pharmacist category on Wikipedia.  Ella P. Stewart, Julia Pearl Hughes, and Cora Dow could be included on this timeline.  

Zada Mary Cooper (US pharmacist) does not have a Wikipedia page.  More information: 1, 2, 3, 4

Elizabeth Gooking Greenleaf (US pharmacist) does not have a Wikipedia page.  More information: 1, 2,

Susan Hayhurst (US pharmacist) does not have a Wikipedia page.  More information: 1, 2, 3, 4

Anna Louise James (US pharmacist) does not have a Wikipedia page.  More information: 1, 2

Mary Putnam (US physician) has a Wikipedia page, but it fails to mention that she was the first woman to graduate from a US school of pharmacy.

Pioneering female lawyers some of whom could be added to the list of first female lawyers by country:

Naima Ilyas al-Ayyubi (Egyptian lawyer) does not have a Wikipedia page.  More information

Khunying Ram Phrommobon Bunyaprasop (Thai lawyer) does not have a Wikipedia page.

Ekaterina Fleischitz (Russian lawyer) has a Russian language Wikipedia page, but no English language page.

Rosa Ginossar (Israeli lawyer) doesn’t have a Wikipedia page.  More information

Myrthes Gomes de Campos (Brazilian lawyer) has a Portuguese language Wikipedia page, but no English language page.   More information

Maria Hagemeyer (German judge) does not have a Wikipedia page.   More information

Tabitha Ann Holton (US lawyer) has a Wikipedia page, but it needs expansion and sources.  More information: 1, 2

Hwang Yun-Suk (Korean judge) does not have a Wikipedia page.  More information.

Chalorjit Jittarutta (Thai judge) does not have a Wikipedia page. More information: 1

Ai Kume (Japanese lawyer) does not have a Wikipedia page.  More information 

Masako Nakata (Japanese lawyer) does not have a Wikipedia page.   More information

Efharis Petridou (Greek Lawyer) does not have a Wikipedia page.   More information

Olga Petit (French lawyer) does not have a Wikipedia page.  Photo

María Asunción Sandoval de Zarco (Mexican lawyer) does not have a Wikipedia page.  More information:  English, Spanish

Yoshiko Sanfuchi (Japanese judge) does not have a Wikipedia page.   More information

Freda Slutzkin (Israeli lawyer) doesn’t have a Wikipedia page.  More information

Sri Widoyati Wiratmo Soekito (Indonesian judge) does not have a Wikipedia page.   More information

Thereza Grisólia Tang (Brazilian judge) does not have a Wikipedia page.  More information

Marjorie M. Whiteman (US lawyer) has a German language Wikipedia page, but no English language page.  She is also mentioned on the Ohio Women’s Hall of Fame page.  More information: 1, 2, 3

Madeline Wookey (South African lawyer) does not have a Wikipedia page.  More information: 1, 2

It’s International Kissing Day, thus a post on Neapolitan hand gestures.(amiright?!)