Youth Violence & Incarceration in Baltimore City
The case of Trayvon Martin has swept through the world as masses of people have called for justice in protest and legal defense support. Thousands of people have dawned hoodies, taking pictures and posting them to popular social networking sites to show solidarity for the slain teenager.Â
So why has this resonated with so many people in so many different places? Does it have anything to do with so many of our black children lost to violence? In Baltimore City, we know of this too well. According to the Baltimore City Health Youth Violence Report: "On average, 27 youth aged 0 to 17 were victims of homicide, 82 youth aged 0 to 17 were victims of a non-fatal shooting, and 30 youth aged 0 to 17 were arrested and convicted oradjudicated delinquent for murder or attempted murder each year from 2002 to 2007. Thenumber of homicide victims ranged from 13 to 35 per year; and the number of non-fatalshooting victims ranged from 74 to 101." That makes up almost a third of violent crimes in Baltimore City. "The juvenile homicide rate (less than 18 years of age) in Baltimore City for the years 2002 to 2006, was almost five times higher than the Maryland rate, and over eight times higher than the national rate for comparable periods of time (Figure 3)." 97% of these cases were children of African descent.Â
Is it because his known killer still walks the streets? According to a 2008 Baltimore Sun analysis of FBI and Baltimore City crime statistics, only 45% of murder cases were solved.. Baltimore City having the 2nd success lowest rate in the country. In a place, affectionately known as "Smalltimore" why are these rates so dismal?
Is it because the lack of perceived value for the lives of Black children? One of my peer mediation students at Northwestern expressed (shortly before the Trayvon Martin case) "You can get more time selling drugs than for murdering somebody. That just sends the message that you can keep doing it, and get away with it" Hearing that broke my heart, because I couldn't tell him it wasn't true. There are huge sting operations to shut down weed sale operations, but seemingly little to no effort to seek justice on behalf of our slain men, women and children. All I could think about was hearing an employee of the mayor's office say to me leisurely at a meeting one day (I'm paraphrasing) "This might sound messed up, but when I hear about a 15 yr old getting shot around here [park heights], it's not the bad, because they were probably caught up in some bad stuff, & would be in jail anyway, that's 1 last person the state has to take care of." I was absolutely floored.. especially because this is someone that is in a position of power over/for the young people of Baltimore City. This person seeks no value in a child's life, if s/he is caught up in "bad stuff". I told this story to someone else and they said this is a common ideology in City Hall, and these are the people committed to making this city safer?
And the question is asked, for whom? Is "making the City safer" code language for killing and incarcerating more and more Black children? Is your life's value determined by what neighborhood you live in? or the grades you get? or the way you dress? or the way you talk? or how many parents are in your home? I look around at our society, and the way we handle things, and the answer seems to be yes.
I see youth as the reflection of a society. They are truly our offspring as they exhibit patterns and behaviors that we have modeled and encouraged. What does this say about us, when the youth of our city, our finding themselves being both victims and perpetrators of violence at an alarming rate? What does it say, when a student from Liberia, leaves a nation, where a war was happening in her life time, to come to a country that she deems "unsafe" and "less free" than her home, because here you always have to "watch your back".
What does it mean with the people who are supposed to be protecting our children? are the ones harming them?
Forty-eight percent of the youth violence victims & perpetrators had contact with CPS for allegations of abuse or neglect.Â
So what happens when the system isn't working? Seventy-three percent of the youth victims and perpetrators of violence had history of referral to the DJS. Fifty-five percent of the study population was placed under DJSsupervision at some point prior to the shooting, death, or crime. Â
Some would look at this data and say, "the young man working for the Mayor's office was right". For it seems that those youth that are victims and perpetrators of violence, are those that have gotten in trouble anyway.Â
I look at this data and think, the system that claims to save, protect and rehabilitate, is obviously not working. I often ask myself, is it supposed to work? Or maybe it is working, but for a different agenda.
My job isn't to dwell on that however but to add to the conversation of what does work and what is healthy for our communities.
We have to acknowledge that we have a culture of quick solutions and violence and move towards a culture of peace and restorative practices.
On an interpersonal level. We have to be more mindful of what we digest, mentally, physically and spiritually. We already know that much of the media we watch has an adverse effect on how we view ourselves and others. From cartoons, to news, to music videos, American media is drenched with violence. Black people make up the majority of both the victims and perpetrators of violence in movies, though a very small portion of actors as a whole. These images don't necessarily make you want to commit violence, but it does normalize it.  What does normalizing something like violence do?  Does it make us pull out our cell phones and start recording a fight as we yell "worldstar worldstar"? Does it make us less willing to do something about it because it's "apart of life"? What happens when you grow up in and socialized in this reality? What happens when real life mimics the screen?Â
What does it do for our sense of community? Studies have suggested that the more media a person consumes, their perception of crime and violence statistics are much higher than they actually are and makes us more fearful. Fear is not a component of a health community and a strong sense of community is extremely important in reducing violence and crime, especially with young people. That goes for the household as well. A strong sense of family, love and support is necessary for the development of happy and healthy children.
What else is controllable in the home? What we eat and drink has an effect on our mental health and how we relate to one another. High sugar and fat diets, especially coupled chemical imbalances caused by lead exposure, have also proven to contribute to violent behavior. Too many of were raised in front of a screen.. be it television, computer or cell phone. What does this mean for how we relate to one another?
What does this mean when images of Black people are usually limited and criminal? What does it mean for law enforcement and for those outside the community who have power over it? Do they allow media driven stereotypes and fears to dictate their actions? Was Trayvon Martin considered a thug because his attire reflected a "thug uniform" paraded on television?
It's time to talk to one another again. Time to break down the superficial barriers that separate us. We have to stop allowing these separations to justify injustice.
We have a culture of violence. Look at the history of the US. How was it started? Who benefited and who suffered? How have we used war?  We have a culture of violence that violence from “good” people is justified and “bad” people are demonized. Well not many people identify with being “bad” and every action can be justified. We have to cure our culture of violence. We need to learn how to not solve our problems with violence, between one another and between nations.Â
The hypocrisy is confusing to young people.Â
We have to get rid of the huge gap between the haves and the have nots. It's been proven that the most violent societies have the largest wealth gaps. If we keep supporting policies that contribute to the rich getting richer, as the poor get poorer, our children will continue to suffer as many lose their lives in the pursuit of the American Dream in a society that invests more in their incarceration than education.Â