As we know from the movie, the girls' dialogue are peppered with some Korean in the movie such as "Geureomhaji" (maybe), "Aish", and "Gaja, gaja, gaja" though they sing in Korean more often than speak it. If you are a fanfic writer, this is for you! This post will cover some basic but comprehensive Korean words and phrases to put in your fanfics.
[Note: If you're here for a quick glance, do not press "view more". This is a very very long post. You will be here for eternity. Proceed with caution.]
Before we start, I will like to note several things:
1. If you see two several spellings of the same word, that's normal. In Hangul, these are more or less the same letters, it's only spelled differently in romanization (you can especially see these in surnames [Example: Cho = Jo, Lee = Yi, Park = Bak, etc.). These include:
There's a whole other bunch of rules out there about the letters, but I'm not here to teach Korean, I'm just here to make a post about words and phrases for fanfic writers and this is probably not going to be that useful in this post because I'll just type the words however I liked, I just put this out there in case somebody mentions seeing a different spelling than the one I use (is that ever gonna happen anyways? Probably not, but I'm an overthinker so)
2. What word is used in a sentence is very, very context-dependent so you might find that there are several words that mean the same thing but can't be used interchangeably otherwise it'll sound awkward.
3. Related to point #2, one of the reasons why there are several words for the same thing or concept is because of the formality. In Korean, you don't speak the same way would speak to your boss, the same way you speak to a friend or a teacher to your mother. Because of this, there are many different levels of formality (I remember there's like 8) but since this is just the basics for beginners, we'll just start with the first three which I will label by letter for ease
[Note: While this is a basic guide to the levels, do note that in practice, how people talk are a lot more fluid so while a daughter might usually talk to her mother using haeyoche, she might slip into haeche in a moment of playfulness or anger where she might forget the level she's supposed to talk to her mother to.
Also if you see parents talking to their toddlers very politely, that isn't because the toddler is above their parents in the natural hierarchy, it's just parents trying to teach their toddlers how to be polite by showing them with the assumption that their toddlers will mimic them]
Good, now throw it all away because we're getting to the part you're actually here for!
[Note: All English equivalents are not one to one to what the Korean actually means, I'm just choosing what is the closest equivalent that I can think of]
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Of course we have to kick things off with greetings!
[F] Annyeong-hasimnikka (์๋
ํ์ญ๋๊น) = "Good day"
[F & I] Annyeong-haseyo (์๋
ํ์ธ์) = "Hello"
[C] Annyeong (์๋
) = "Hi"
[Note: Annyeong-hasimnikka is very stiff so you wouldn't use this much unless you're in a very very formal situation]
For hello's if you're on the phone:
[F] Jeo [Name]-indeyo (์ [์ด๋ฆ]์ธ๋ฐ์) = This is [insert name here]...
[I] Yeoboseyo (์ฌ๋ณด์ธ์) = Hello?
[Note: Unless, it's casual, the greeting is not said alone and is usually followed up by things like "jigeum tonghwa gwaenchanheuseyo? (์ง๊ธ ํตํ ๊ด์ฐฎ์ผ์ธ์?)" or "Is it okay to talk to you right now" if formal or "Tonghwa ganeunghae? (ํตํ ๊ฐ๋ฅํด?)" which translate to something like "Can I talk to you?" if informal]
For goodbye if you're leaving while everyone stays:
[F] Annyeonghi-gyesipsio (์๋
ํ๊ณ์ญ์์ค) = "Please remain peacefully"
[I] Annyeonghi-gyeseyo (์๋
ํ๊ณ์ธ์) = "Stay in peace"
Na Meonjeo Galge (๋ ๋จผ์ ๊ฐ๊ฒ) = "I'll leave first."
Jal Isseo (์ ์์ด) = "Take care"
Annyeong (์๋
) = "Bye"
For goodbyes if someone else is leaving while everyone else stays or everyone is parting ways:
[F] Annyeonghi-gasipsio (์๋
ํ๊ฐ์ญ์์ค) = "Farewell"
Josimhaeseo-gaseyo (์กฐ์ฌํด์ ๊ฐ์ธ์) = "Take care"
Annyeonghi-gaseyo (์๋
ํ ๊ฐ์ธ์) = "Goodbye"
Josim ga (์กฐ์ฌ ๊ฐ) = "Take care"
Jal ga (์๊ฐ) = "Goodbye"
Annyeong (์๋
) = "Bye"
[Note: If you notice "Annyeong" is used as a casual "hello" and "goodbye", that's normal. This is because Koreans have this habit of shortening sentences as much as possible as long as it rolls off the mouth smoothly but really, "Annyeong' is kind of like but also not like "Ciao"(???). It's just a shortening of two different sentences]
For goodbyes if you're getting off a phone call:
[F & I] Ne, kkeuneulkeyo (๋ค ๋์๊ฒ์) = "Yes, I'm going to hang up now."
[I & C] Kkeuneulke (๋์๊ฒ) = "Hanging up now."
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How people ask "How are you?"
[F & I] Jal Jinaesyeosseoyo? (์ ์ง๋ด์
จ์ด์?) = "Have you been doing well?"
Mwo haeyo? (๋ญํด์?) = "What are you up to?"
Yojeum Eottaeyo? (์์ฆ ์ด๋์?) = "How is it going lately?"
Bap Meogeosseoyo? (๋ฐฅ ๋จน์์ด์?) = "Have you eaten?"
Mwo hae? (๋ญ ํด?) = "What are you doing?"
Bap Meogeosseo? (๋ฐฅ ๋จน์์ด?) = "Have you eaten?"
Jal Jinaesseo? (์ ์ง๋์ด?) = "You good?"
Yojeum Eottae? (์์ฆ ์ด๋?) = "How it's going?"
How people ask "How are you?" if they call you in the morning
[I] Jal jasseoyo? (์ ์ค์ด์?) = Did you sleep well?
[C] Jal Jasseo? (์ ์ค์ด?) = You slept well?
[Note: Usually the response to these questions is an affirmative or negative response + repeated verb (Example: "Did you sleep well?" "Eung, I slept well"). Emphasis on usually, this isn't always the case. Such as responding with "Geunyang geuraeyo (trans: Just so-so)" or "Geunyang geurae (trans: so-so/meh)"]
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Excuse me if you're passing through or interrupting someone
[F] Sillye-hamnida (์ค๋กํฉ๋๋ค) = "Pardon me"
[I] Sillye-haeyo (์ค๋กํด์) = "Excuse me"
Excuse me for if you're trying to get someone's attention
[F] Sillye-hamnida (์ค๋กํฉ๋๋ค) = "Pardon me"
Jeogiyo (์ ๊ธฐ์) = "Over here"
Yeogiyo (์ฌ๊ธฐ์) = "Over here"
[Note: The difference between Jeogiyo and yeogiyo is that jeogiyo is used when the person being beckoned is farther away whereas yeogiyo is for when they're a little closer]
Other Excuse me [Note: I'm sure there's a proper term for it but right now it's eluding me]
Jamsimanyo (์ ์๋ง์) = "Hold on a moment"
Jamkkanmanyo (์ ๊น๋ง์) = "In a moment"
Jamsiman (์ ์๋ง) = "Hold on a second"
Jamkkanman (์ ๊น๋ง) = "Wait a minute"
[I & C] Gidaryeo (๊ธฐ๋ค๋ ค) = "Wait"
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Eung (์) = "Yeah" [This is a little softer so you might hear this from children and women more (but not always)]
Eo (์ด) = "Yeah" [This is a little more gruff so you might hear this from dudes, older people or just blunt people in general more.]
Agreeement if someone suggests an idea
Joseumnida (์ข์ต๋๋ค) = "That's good" or "I like it"
Donguihamnida (๋์ํฉ๋๋ค) = "I agree"
Geureosipsiyo (๊ทธ๋ฌ์ญ์์ค) = "Let's do that"
Joayo (์ข์์) = "That's good!' or 'I like it!"
Donguihaeyo (๋์ํด์) = "I agree"
Joa (์ข์) = "Good!" or "I like it!"
Donguihae (๋์ํด) = "Agreed."
Agreeement if someone asks for perrmission (also works for suggestions)
[F] Dwimnida (๋ฉ๋๋ค) = "It is possible."
[I] Dwaeyo (๋ผ์) = "It works." or "It's fine"
[C] Dwae (๋ผ) = "Sure" or "it's okay"
Agreement if given instructions
[F] Ganeung-hamnida (๊ฐ๋ฅํฉ๋๋ค) = "It is possible."
Halsuisseoyo (ํ ์์์ด์) = "I can do it."
Geureolgeyo (๊ทธ๋ด๊ฒ์) = "I'll do it." or "All right"
[I] Algesseoyo (์๊ฒ ์ด์) = "I see."
Halsuisseo (ํ ์์์ด) = "I can do it."
Geureolge (๊ทธ๋ด๊ฒ) = "I'll do it"
Algesseo (์๊ฐฐ์ด) = "I got it"
Arasseo (์์์ด) = "Got it."
[F] Gwaenchansumnida (๊ด์ฐฎ์ต๋๋ค) = "I'm fine" or "It's fine"
[I] Gwaenchanayo (๊ด์ฐฎ์์) = "I'm fine" or "It's fine"
[C] Gwaenchana (๊ด์ฐฎ์) = "I'm okay" or "It's okay"
[I] Geureomyo (๊ทธ๋ผ์) = "Of course"
[C] Geureom (๊ทธ๋ผ) = "Okay"
[C] Geureochi (๊ทธ๋ฌ์ง) = "That's right!"
[F] Matseumnida (๋ง์ต๋๋ค) = "That is correct"
[I] Majayo (๋ง์์) = "That's right"
[C] Maja (๋ง์) = "That's right"
[Note: You might hear people repeat "Maja maja", this is because repeating words puts a lot more emphasis like "Gaja, gaja" for insisting someone to come with you or "Pali-pali" to tell someone how much you want them to hurry.]
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[F] Animnida (์๋๋๋ค) = "No" or "It is not."
[I] Aniyo (์๋์) = "No"
Aniya (์๋์ผ) = "Nope"
Disagreements if someone suggests an idea
Byeollonimnida (๋ณ๋ก์
๋๋ค) = "I have reservations about this"
Bandaehamnida (๋ฐ๋ํฉ๋๋ค) = "I disagree"
Geureon geot gatji ansumnida (๊ทธ๋ฐ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์ง ์์ต๋๋ค) = "I don't think so"
Byeollo-yeyo (๋ณ๋ก์์) = "It's not my preference."
Bandae-haeyo (๋ฐ๋ํด์) = "I disagree"
Geureon geot gatji anayo (๊ทธ๋ฐ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์ง ์์์) = "I don't think so"
Byeollo-ya (๋ณ๋ก์ผ) = "I don't like it"
Bandae-hae (๋ฐ๋ํด) = "I disagree.'
Geureon geot gatji ana (๊ทธ๋ฐ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์ง ์์) = "Nope"
Disagreement if someone asks for permission (also works for suggestions)
[F] An-dwemnida (์๋ฉ๋๋ค) = "It's not possible"
[I] An-dwaeyo (์ ๋ผ์) = "It won't work"
[C] An-dwae (์ ๋ผ) = "It won't work"
Disagreement if given instructions
[I] Anhaeyo (์ํด์) = "I'm not going to do it" or "I won't do it"
[C] Anhae (์ํด) = "I won't do it"
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[F] Jal moreugesseumnida (์ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์๋๋ค) = "I do not know well"
Mollayo (๋ชฐ๋ผ์) = "I don't know"
Geulsseyo (๊ธ์์) = "I'm not so sure..."
Molla (๋ชฐ๋ผ) = "Don't know"
Geulsse (๊ธ์) = "Well..."
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Wae (์) = "Why?" (sometimes can also be "What)
[I] Waeyo? (์์?) = "Why?"
[C] Wae-geurae? (์๊ทธ๋?) = "What's wrong?"
[I] Mwoyo? (๋ญ์?) = "What was that?"
[C] Mworago? (๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ ?) = "What did you say?"
Nugu? (๋๊ตฌ) = "Who?" or "Who is it?"
[I] Nuguseyo? (๋๊ตฌ์์?) = "Who are you?"
Eodi? (์ด๋) = "Where?"
[I] Eodiyo? (์ด๋์?) = "Where is it?" or "Where is this?"
[C] Eodiya? (์ด๋์ผ) = "Where are you?"
Eonje? (์ธ์ ?) = "When?"
[I] Eonjeyo? (์ธ์ ์?) = "When is it?"
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[F] โjusipsio (-์ฃผ์ญ์์) = "Please do [this] for me."
[I] โjuseyo (-์ฃผ์ธ์) = "Please"
[C] โjwo (-์ค) = "Do [this]
[Note: These are all suffixes added to the end of a noun like "Dowa-juseyo" to mean 'Help, please" or "Igeo-juseyo" to mean "Give me this, please" but personally, I think it's a bit awkward to try and insert it into english [Ex: "Hug me juseyo"] so just use the english word "Please" if you're writiing the plea in english.]
Jebal (์ ๋ฐ) = "I'm begging you"
[The difference between juseyo and jebal is that jebal is more begging than asking so it's used more when someone is being desperate. And it can be used as its own word instead of a suffix]
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[F] Yaksok-hamnida (์ฝ์ํฉ๋๋ซ) = "I pledge" or "I vow"
[I] Yaksok-haeyo (์ฝ์ํด์) = "I promise"
[C] Yaksokhae (์ฝ์ํด) or Yaksok (์ฝ์) = "Promise"
[Note: You'll see people who have intimate relationships with each other (families, couples, friends) do a pinky swear when making a promise, it's usually initiated with a "Yaksok?" then (1) Link pinkie fingers together, (2) Twist the wrists so the knuckles from both hands touch, (3) Press the thumbs together to "seal" the promise]
[C] Yaksok eogyeosseo (์ฝ์ ์ด๊ฒผ์ด) = "You broke your promise"
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Despite how I titled this, note that this can be used romantically or platonically (not usually because it can be mistaken as a romantic confession but if you have affectionate friends, you'll hear it from them), or familial...ly (won't hear it much from them even more unless you're still a toddler or you have emotionally healthy, affectionate parents and siblings)
[F] Saranghamnida (์ฌ๋ํจ๋๋ค) = "I love you"
[I] Saranghaeyo (์ฌ๋ํด์) = "I love you"
[C] Saranghae (์ฌ๋ํด) = "Love you"
Bonus: Saranghanu (์ฌ๋ํ๋) = "Love you" [Idols use this to express aegyo towards fans, but this is not its origin]
[I] Jeodo saranghaeyo (์ ๋ ์ฌ๋ํด์) = "I love you too"
[C] Nado saranghae (๋๋ ์ฌ๋ํด) = "Love you too"
[I] Joahaeyo (์ข์ํด์) = "I like you"
[C] Joahae (์ข์ํด) = "I like you"
[Note: Either of this can be used platonically or romantically. If someone's confessing, they'll probably say โNa neogul jinjja manyi joahaeโ (๋ ๋๊ตด ์ง์ง ๋ง์ด ์ข์ํด) as "Jinjja" and "Manyi" puts a lot of emphasis so it translates to something like "I really, really like you"]
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Gratitudes, Apologies, and Reassurances
[F] Gamsahamnida (๊ฐ์ฌํฉ๋๋ค) = "You have my thanks"
[I] Gomawoyo (๊ณ ๋ง์์) = "Thank you"
[C] Gomawo (๊ณ ๋ง์) = "Thanks"
[F] Joesong-hamnida (์ฃ์กํฉ๋๋ค) = "I am deeply sorry"
[I] Mianhaeyo (๋ฏธ์ํด์) = "I am sorry"
Mianhae (๋ฏธ์ํด) = "I'm sorry"
[F] Animnida (์๋๋๋ค) = "It's nothing"
[I] Gwaenchanayo (๊ด์ฐฎ์์) = "It's fine."
[C] Gwaenchana (๊ด์ฐฎ์) = "It's okay"
[I & C] Anieyo (์๋์์) = "It's nothing"
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[C] Bap meokja (๋ฐฅ ๋จน์) = "Let's eat"
[F, I, C] Jal meokgetseumnida (์ ๋จน๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค) = "I'll eat well" or "Thank you for the meal!"
Masisseoyo! (๋ง์ฐ์ด์!) = "It's delicious!"
Deo juseyo! (๋ ์ฃผ์ธ์!) = "More, please"
Masisseo (๋ง์ฐ์ด!) = "Delicious!"
Masitda! (๋ง์ฐ๋ค!) = "Delicious!"
[Note: You tell someone, "Masisseo" while "Masitda" is said to your self]
[I] Han jan haeyo (ํ ์ ํด์) = "Let's have a drink"
[C] Han jan hae (ํ ์ ํด) = "Let's drink"
[I & C] Geonbae! (๊ฑด๋ฐฐ!) = "Cheers!"
[F, I, C] Jal meogeosseumnida (์ ๋จน์์ต๋๋ค) = "I ate well!" or "Thank you for the meal"
[Note: This is not said immediately after one if finished eating if they're eating with other people. You have to wait for others to finish before saying it together.]
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[Note: these are almost always casual, informal if we're really pushing it]
Daebak! (๋๋ฐ!) = "Awesome!" or "Amazing!"
Jjang! (์งฑ!) = "You're awesome" or "You're amazing!"
[Note: The difference is that daebak is for anything you were amazed by in general, while jjang is to show you were amazed by a person. Ex: "Unnie jjang!"]
Gwiyeowo! (๊ท์ฌ์!) = "Cute!"
Neomu Gwiyeowo! (๋๋ฌด ๊ตฌ์ฌ์!) = "So cute!"
[Note: "Gwiyeowo" is to describe something or someone as cute while aegyo is the act of acting cute]
Jeongmal? (์ ๋ง?) = "Really?"
Jinjja?! (์ง์ง) = "Really?!"
Geurae? (๊ทธ๋?) = "Really?"
[Note: The difference between these three is that "jeongmal" is slightly more neutral and formal compared to "jinjja" which is a lot more reactive, though "jinjja" can also be made informal by just turning it into "jinjja-yo?" I guess jeongmal is a little more serious and sincere. Geurae is more to confirm like something someone said in a story]
Gaja! (๊ฐ์!) = "Let's go!"
Ppalli! (๋นจ๋ฆฌ!) = "Hurry!"
Bba-bam! (๋น ๋ฐค!) = "Tada!"
Hana...dul...set (ํ๋...๋...์
) = "1...2...3"
Junbi... (์ค๋น...) = "Ready..."
Sijak! (์์) = "Start!"
Hajima! (ํ์ง๋ง!) = "Don't do it!" or "Stop it!"
Gajima! (๊ฐ์ง๋ง!) = "Don't go!"
Uljima! (์ธ์ง๋ง!) = "Don't cry!"
Utjima! (์์ง๋ง) = "Don't laugh!"
Heol... (ํ...) = "My god..."
Ottoke?! (์ด๋กํด?!) = "What do I do?!"
[Note: The difference between these two is that "Heol" is more to express exasperation while "Omo" is more surprised. Ottoke is meant to convey helplessness from the not so serious kind (lbreaking a toy? "Ottoke") to pretty serious (rent's dew but you don't have enough to pay it yet? "Ottoke..."]
Hokshi...(ํน์) = "By any chance..."
Maldo andwae! (๋ง๋ ์๋ผ!) = "No way!" or "It doesn't make sense!"
I would add more but my brain is deep fried at this point
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Tbh, I don't know how to categorize these so I'm just going too call it Korean noises(???)
Aigo~ (์์ด๊ณ ~) = This can mean literally anything depending on the tone. It can be affectionate, disappointment, exasperation, surprise, etc.
Aish (์์ด์จ) = This is a noise of annoyance (you'll sometimes see this spelled as I.C. in text form)
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I don't know if this will be that useful since I assume most fanfic writers are writing in english anyways but I might as well.
Fighting! or Hwaiting! (ํ์ดํ
!) = "You can do it!"
Unlike the original english meaning, "fighting" is meant to encourage someone to "keep on fighting" or to cheer them on so they'll achieve their goal. [Ex: "HUNTR/X, fighting!"]
Animation = catch all term for anything that is animated whether it's an animated film, anime, cartoon, etc.
Aura = It kinda means similar to "Vibe" so if someone says "She has a lot of aura" they mean that person has a lot of confidence and charisma.
Chicken = If someone tells you they're craving chicken, they mean fried chicken, not a dish with chicken meat. The actual korean word used to mean something that has chicken meat is typically "Dak" (๋ญ) [Ex: dakbokkeumtang, dakbal, dakgalbi, etc.]
Concept = This is used to describe someone's presentation so for example, if someone who was challenged to do at aegyo but fails to do so, their friend might ask "What kind of concept was that?"
Hand phone = What most Koreans call cellphones.
Hot place = Some place is currently trendy or popular.
One piece = This doesn't always mean the swimsuit. It can refer to clothes that is one continuous piece like a dress.
Selca = A selfie (it's literally a short form of "Self camera").
Service = This does not mean "someone does something for you at a price", it usually refers to a free complimentary item like getting a free amenity bag with toothbrush, toothpaste, facial wash, lotion, etc. while staying at a hotel.
SNS = Social Networking Service aka Social Media.
Style = Meaning something is someone's taste [ex: "She's my style" to mean this person is their type of idea of attractive or "When there's a problem, she always wants to resolve it quickly but I want a minute to myself. I get why she does it, but it's just not my style."]
Time = This is short for "Timeout" so if you want to tap out of a game, challenge, etc. you say this. This is usually paired with making a "T" symbol with the arms (left arm at a 90 degree angle then the right arm is laid across the left hand's fingertips).
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This is a bit of useless knowledge since English has different grammatical rules but I'll just talk abut it briefly anyways.
Usually, most people don't tend to use "You" or "Neo" (๋) or "Dangsin" (๋น์ ) when talking to someone older or of a higher position than them because it feels a bit rude so you'll hear it more when speaking to siblings or casual friends but even then, honorifics are still used by the younger ones more out of habit unless they're being blunt.
If Mira is talking to Rumi about her workaholic tendencies, she might say "Unnie should eat" over "You should eat" but the latter works too since they're close-age friends (6 months or less age gap) depending on how gentle or honest you want her to be.
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When someon is trying to do aegyo, besides pitching their voice higher, expect them to talk in third person, use informal register and elongate their ending words to appeal to their target's nature
"Buy Zoey chips, please~" instead of "Buy me chips"
"Unnie~ play with Zoey~" instead of "Play with me!"
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[Note: The age rating is not meant to be taken literally. I'm just using it to indicate the severity]
Babo (๋ฐ๋ณด) = "Fool" or "Idiot"
Meongcheongi (๋ฉ์ ์ด) = "Airhead"
Dol-meori (๋๋จธ๋ฆฌ) = Literally "Stone-headed" it can be equivalent to "Thick headed"
Jjajeungna! (์ง์ฆ๋) = "So annoying!" or "This is frustrating!"
Neo Michyeosseo? (๋ ๋ฏธ์ก์ด?) = "Are you crazy?" [Often Rhetorical]
Kkeojyeo (๊บผ์ ธ) = "Get lost" or "Piss off"
Dakchyeo (๋ฅ์ ธ) = "Shut up"
Byeontae (๋ณํ) = "Pervert"
Jeongshin nagasseo? (์ ์ ๋๊ฐ์ด?) = "Have yu lost your mind?"
Ttokbaro-hae! (๋๋ฐ๋ก ํด!) = "Do it right!" or "Get it together!"
Michinnyeon (๋ฏธ์ง๋
) = "Crazy Bitch"
Michinnom (๋ฏธ์ง๋) = "Crazy Jackass"
Gaesaekki (๊ฐ์๋ผ) = "Son of a bitch"
Gaemangnani (๊ฐ๋ฐ๋๋) = "Trash"
Changnyeo (์ฅ๋
) = "Whore"
Galle (๊ฐ๋ ) = "Rag" [implies a person is dirty. equivalent to slut]
Wangtta (์๋ฐ) = "Loser" [Very heavy]
Dwejyeora (๋์ ธ๋ผ) = "Drop dead"
Words that sound like curse words but aren't [Again, very useless knowledge but might as well]
Nega (๋ค๊ฐ) = It means "you" and it's sometimes pronounced as "Niga" to differentiate it from "Naega" (๋ด๊ฐ) which means "I".
Bichi (๋น์ด) = "Light" or "Shining
Pak (๋น
) = It's just the surname you may know as "Park", don't know why they put an r there when ใน isn't present in the actual spelling but english is weird like that
Hoe (ํ) = It's a raw fish dish.