J i r a

Palazzo Contarini del Bovolo, Venice, Italy,

     Enumeration

en - and

ook - also, too

verder - furthermore

bovendien - furthermore, in addition, besides, moreover, what’s more

daarnaast - besides, moreover

voorts - furthermore, moreover, and also

niet alleen…..maar ook - not only…..but also

zowel…..als - both…..and

noch….noch - neither….nor

daar komt nog bij dat - on top of that

ten eerste, op de eerste plaats - firstly, first of all

ten tweede, ten derde, etc. - secondly, thirdly, etc.

ten slotte - finally

vervolgens - then, subsequently

     Opposition

maar - but

echter - however

doch - but

natuurlijk - of course

toch - still, yet, even so

daarentegen - conversely

integendeel - on the contrary

evenwel - as well as

enerzijds….anderzijds - on the one hand….on the other hand

aan de ene kant….aan de andere kant - on the one hand….on the other hand

in tegenstelling tot - unlike, as opposed to

desondanks - even so, despite

daar staat tegenover - on the other hand

niettemin, desalniettemin - nevertheless

of(wel)….of - either….or

behalve - besides

eigenlijk - in fact

terwijl - whereas

dan - than

     Reason/argument

want - because, for

omdat - because, as

aangezien - since

immers - after all

namelijk - namely

derhalve - therefore, thus, consequently 

daarom - as a result, therefore, hence

vanwege - due to, because of

op grond van - based on, on account of

    Cause- effect

doordat - because (of)

daardoor - therefore, because of that

waardoor - whereby

hierdoor - because of this

met als gevolg - with the result

ten gevolge van - as a result

dit is te danken/wijten aan - this is due to

de oorzaak hiervan is - the cause of this is

zodat - so that, in order to

bijgevolg - consequently, subsequently

dan ook - therefore

dientengevolge - consequently

want - because

zodoende - hence

    Objective - means

opdat - so that

om - in order to

daartoe - for that purpose, to that end

met de bedoeling (om) - through, with a view to

waarmee - whereby

door middel van - by means of, through

met behulp van - by means of, with help from

is erop gericht - is aimed to 

om te - in order to

daarmee - with that

    Explanation/clarification

dat houdt in - that means

dat wil zeggen - that is, that means, in other words

met andere woorden - in other words

bijvoorbeeld - for example

ter illustratie - to illustrate

zoals - like, such as

onder andere - among other things

    Example

bijvoorbeeld - for example, for instance

ter illustratie - to illustrate

zo - like, such as

zoals - such as, like

stel – for example

    Condition

als - if

indien - if, provided that

wanneer - when 

mits - provided that

op voorwaarde dat – provided that, on condition that

tenzij - unless

aangenomen dat – supposing that

gesteld dat – supposing that

    Relativization

hoewel - although, though

ofschoon - although, though

ondanks dat - in spite of

weliswaar - admittedly, certainly

tenzij - unless

    Comparison

alsof - like, as though, as if

evenals - as well as

eveneens - also, too, as well

evenzeer - equally

in vergelijking met – in comparison to

net als - just like

overeenkomstig – consistent with, in accordance with 

    Summary

samenvattend - thus

kortom - in short

al met al - all in all

terugblikkend - in retrospect

oftewel – in other words

samengevat – in summary

    Conclusion

dus - so

concluderend – in conclusion

dat betekent – that means

hieruit volgt dat – it follows that

    Period in time

eerst - at first

dan - then  

daarna - after that, afterwards, next

toen - once, back then, when

zodra - once

vroeger - earlier, in the past

voordat - before 

tot nu toe - up till now, so far

plots, plotseling - suddenly

reeds - already

al - already

wanneer - when

terwijl - while, whilst 

nadat - after

aanvankelijk - initially