we must be learning...

Question: how developed and mature is your membrane filtration game⁉️🫳🏾 Can you install a multi-filtration line for lithium and for multiple divalent cations: Ca², Na², Mg², etc? Because if so, and profitably, then we're looking at much more than battery grade lithium feed — if it's possible to process multiple battery grade minerals/materials (simultaneously? electrochemically? Profitably👀⁉️) — you're looking at a general process (re)evolution🫲🏾😈

That's money, folks. Beaucoup beaucoup 😅...

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'Batteries to make batteries' 😈 positive forward-leaning loopy businesses 😈 more and more electric inception 😈

Canada Just Opened North America's First Battery-Grade Lithium Refinery | OilPrice.com https://share.google/2nRO5KtEbO6Mnh8rO

Mangrove Lithium's Delta, BC facility is the first commercial electrochemical lithium refinery in North America, with capacity to produce 1,000 tonnes of battery-grade lithium a year.

China still controls roughly half of the global lithium market, and the Canadian government is backing Mangrove as part of a broader critical minerals push under PM Mark Carney.

A planned Eastern Canada expansion would scale output to support up to 500,000 EVs annually by refining lithium and processing spodumene sourced from Canadian mines.

...

The venture capital-backed company says that it will be able to produce 1,000 tonnes of refined battery-grade lithium per year, or about enough to support 25,000 electric vehicles. The venture reportedly uses a cutting-edge electrochemical technology that allows for more economical, flexible, and sustainable lithium refining as compared to traditional methods.

“This is a landmark moment not just for Mangrove, but for Canada,” Dr. Saad Dara, CEO and Founder of Mangrove Lithium, was recently quoted by Interesting Engineering. “By commissioning the first commercial electrochemical lithium refinery in North America, we are proving that lithium can be refined domestically, sustainably, and competitively.”

The Delta plant is just the beginning for Mangrove, which has grand plans of creating an entire homeshored mine-to-cathode lithium supply chain. The company plans to develop a larger facility in Eastern Canada capable of producing enough material to support 500,000 EVs annually through the refining of lithium and the processing of spodumene, a raw source of lithium. These primary materials would also be sourced from Canadian mines.

....

“Canada is leveraging our critical mineral resources — including our lithium — to unlock supply chain security, job creation and clean energy innovation,” said Tim Hodgson, Canadian Minister of Energy and Natural Resources. “Mangrove Lithium’s new headquarters will house North America’s first commercial electrochemical lithium refining facility — exactly the type of cutting-edge, sovereign Canadian project we need. By supporting projects like these, our new government is advancing Canada’s low-carbon potential, creating new careers, strengthening our security and creating reliable Canadian jobs in an uncertain time.”

***

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Oilprice.com is covering Canadian battery refining developments 👀⁉️ that's very interesting

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Meaningful ≈ Constructive (i.e., positive-sum, covalent, win-win) interactions. It's a fine idea. Brilliant ideas 💡🔋

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There are approximately 11,611 retail gas stations across Canada.

There are more than 300 Tesla Supercharger locations operating across Canada.

Oasis model (not using the newer Megapack 3's 5MWh capacity but instead 3.9MWh):

11 MW (300) ≈ 3300 MW ≈ 3.3 GW generation

10 megapacks (39 MWh) * 300 ≈ 11,700 MWh ≈ 11.7 GWhs storage

Should a substitution of -1000 retail gas stations into an additional +1000 superchargers ≈ 1300 superchargers total (less than nine percent transition) 🫳🏾 50,700 MWhs ≈ 50.7 GWh 👀 @ only 9 percent transition 🤐

With only 5000 Oasis superchargers and storage sites (~43% transition), 195,000 MWh or 195 GWh could be stored. And if all 11,611 were transitioned to at least include storage, 452,829 MWh (453 GWh). If Megapack 3 (@5MWh) were used, 580,550 MWh (581 GWh) of capacity could be stored just at superchargers (legacy retail gas stations).

If you include homes and businesses and other non supercharger locations 😎... More energy super abundance.

Canada has ~17 million housing units. With a single 13 KWh unit equivalent each ≈ 221,000,000 KWh ≈ 221 GWh could be stored.

Then there's private industry 🤐 Canada has over 480,000 commercial and institutional buildings. At just one Megapack 3 equivalent each (5 MWh), 2.4 TWh (5*480,000≈2,400,000 MWh) of storage.

2.4+0.58+0.22≈ 3.3TWh of storage 👀⁉️of near maximum coverage (high unit inclusion) but with minimum specs' (low per capita storage capacity).

Even still, (3.3/620)100≈0.53% of annual energy use 😈🫳🏾

The optimal ratio between energy storage and power generation depends entirely on your application, ranging from 1:2 for short-duration daily grid buffering to a massive 4:1 (generation to storage) for fully standalone renewable systems.

Gemini'

Meaning, in order to hit the 1:2 ratio (i.e., 310TWh of storage) you would need about ~100X more battery storage capacity than was assumed above 🫣 at 4:1 for fully standalone renewable systems, you would likely need ~1000X the battery storage capacity as outlined above 🤯 Assume we make energy density breakthroughs to double average energy density... that's ~500X storage demand for the upper case of full standalone, and ~50X for short hour duration coverage, but of the entire country. Just for Canada 🤐 ...

The demand is near infinite at these specs' 🫲🏾 especially with 5 times the national solar and wind generation (swb) potential as a ultimate goal 😅 Even without solar from space, or moving industry off-planet, we still require 'a lot a lot' of batteries and battery specification advancements.

IMO: There is enough potential and real energy generation EVERYWHERE; ON EARTH, IN ORBIT, and even in deeper space — energy is literally everywhere 😅 literally. Literally. But it's hard to contain. The trick is the containment; the container. The real and actual objective... 😅... What is of less abundance but is required in extraordinarily higher scales and capacity, is... 🔋🔋s 🫲🏾... The container. To build without batteries is to assume perfect generation-utility dynamics perpetually 😅 that's not great planning or design. Thus...

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Crystal Ball time 😅🫳🏾

The future is🔮👀😅🤭🔮👀🤔:

Batteries & Brains 🫳🏾 EM storage & Intelligences transmuting 🪄

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It's feasible that 40 percent of current energy generation can come from rooftop photovoltaic potential alone 🫲🏾😅 40 percent of Canada's annual energy use could be generated on-site near free, after upfront capital/installation costs. It is currently possible for Canada to have a 40 percent surplus of energy, for more industry, for sale in energy markets, etc. With just rooftop solar. Not including industrial solar farm generation (I.e., utility scale solar farms, nor agrivoltaics).

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Rooftop solar: 40 percent of current annual energy (247/620TWh)

Industrial solar farming: 100+ TWh potential

Agrivoltaics: @1% agricultural land ≈ 250TWh (@3% agricultural land ≈ 750TWh) 😅

So ... With rooftop, industrial, and agrivoltaics @1% agricultural land, 100 percent of Canada's annual energy use can be generated. With agrivoltaics @ 5 percent of agricultural land 2000+TWh can be generated 👀🤣... Plus, overall wind potential at 1000+TWh annually. 🤣

That's 3000TWhs with offshore wind (no onshore wind), rooftop solar, industrial solar, and 5 percent of agricultural land use installing solar.

5 times the current energy use. Free energy? 🤐

It's a lot a lot...

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Canada's offshore wind potential exceeds: 9TW

9,000 GW ≈ 9 TW ≈ an immense, planetary scale of power. It is roughly equivalent to half of the total continuous power consumed by all of human civilization at any given moment.

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It's "a lot–a lot" 😅 2X the current energy use - "energy super abundance" 😅 with just wind energy alone 🫲🏾 that's very important for GDP and better still, quality of life. With just wind and batteries. It's 'alot-alot'... cheaper energy bills 👀