we must be learning...

Canada’s first offshore wind farms move closer to reality as regulator clears bidders | Globalnews.ca https://globalnews.ca/news/11941636/ns-offshore-wind-farms/

https://share.google/tQdeekYEgc9IUlhAb

...

Unlike conventional battery recycling methods that involve the complete physical destruction of batteries, followed by complex, energy-intensive recovery processes to extract critical battery-making materials, the scientists' method recycles lithium-ion battery electrodes directly. Rather than breaking down structurally intact electrodes to extract materials that will make other electrodes, their approach regenerates the existing electrodes using an electrochemical solution.

The researchers say this method restored batteries to 95% of their original capacity, and even helped recycled batteries last longer. According to them, the method could also slash recycling costs by 56% while being more environmentally friendly.

...

Of course, the whole thing is more nuanced than that, but on the surface, the irony of that process is obvious. This is what the Cornell University solution, detailed in the journal Energy and Environmental Science, aims to address. The process is called Direct Electrode-to-Electrode Regeneration (DEER). In this process, instead of shredding the spent battery, the scientists open it and remove the electrodes intact. The electrodes are then attached to a current collector and placed in a bath containing 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone.

The solution dissolves the offending thick SEI layer, leaving behind renewed electrodes ready to be placed in a new battery. The process also leaves a thin lithium fluoride layer that helps stabilize the electrode and suppress further interphase growth. Thanks to this residual layer, the regenerated batteries showed even better cycle stability than expected.

“We repair them, as is, without shredding or powdering them, and then put them back into a new battery,” says Vibha Kalra, project leader and Cornell Professor of Chemical Engineering. “The dissolution is basically what helps the battery recover its capacity. It shows 95% recovery. So we are shortening the circularity loop immensely.”

Note

Permanent planetary energy: 24/7/365+

Kardeshev level 1 (soon)

Select low level habitat regions: deserts, ocean surface, etc ... limited isolated regions to act as nighttime receiver locations. Install solar panels. Transfer reflected and non reflected power 24/7/365 to centralized and decentralized storage systems (BESS).

Redundancy: flexible sustainable redundancy, trailered to local conditions

Multi layered planetary continuous solar energy system.