The poll is over now so answers under the cut!
You're accused of killing the sultana of Ul'dah, so you flee to Ishgard and get caught up in their politics, which culminates in you killing their de facto head of state, Archbishop Thordan. People have been quibbling over whether this is a proper regicide, to which I reply: if it walks like a duck and talks like a duck, you can regicide it. Also, the name tag says King Thordan during the fight.
The level 70 raid series deals with the alien robot Omega wanting to learn about humanity and what makes you so powerful, so it pits you against a series of increasingly more powerful enemies from across the multiverse.
The Crystal Exarch, who is secretly your past ally G'raha Tia, needs a hero, so in an attempt to summon you to his dimension, he repeatedly misses and instead yoinks the other Scions. Oops!
There is no problem Y'shtola won't solve with Flow, a forbidden and dangerous spell that allows the user to travel directly through the lifestream and runs the risk of being lost there. She's used it twice so far: once after the Bloody Banquet, and once when escaping from the Children of the Everlasting Dark.
Mount Rokkon, the second variant dungeon, sees your past ally Hancock solicit your help with a Hingan lord's demon problem: in an unprecedented move, foreign adventurers are being allowed into Hingashi itself to exorcise the extremely haunted estate.
The Ishgardian Halonic church wasn't too happy about Saint Shiva and her relationship with Hraesvelgr the dragon. You know the post, we've all seen it.
In the Dark Knight questline, your job trainer is the veiled knight Fray, who you slowly realize is not a living human but the manifestation of your doubts, frustrations, and fears as the Warrior of Light. You must process and master them to become a fully realized dark knight.
One of the trials you undertake with Wuk Lamat in Dawntrail is discovering and cooking the recipe for xibruq pibil, a local dish with a very specific preparation. The party that fails the test will essentially be locked out of the competition to be Dawnservant, so it's essential to get it right!
This is the one that didn't happen! The ascian Fandaniel wants to watch the world burn, and he wants to burn with it. If he bears you any specific ill will, it's only because his host body, the late Asahi sas Brutus, hated you with a vengeful passion for killing the crown prince Zenos, for whom Asahi held great affection and respect. You can steal his clone's hat in the Crystal Tower raid series, and it is a really great hat, but he does not acknowledge you having it.
This could actually refer to two men: Estinien, who was possessed by the dragon Nidhogg after using the power of his eyes, and Zenos, who took on the power of the dragon god Shinryu to face you in a fight to fully sate his lust for battle. Two nickels.
Endwalker's MSQ has you travel into the past to find the cause of the Final Days, a world-ending catastrophe that's causing people's fears to turn them into terrible monsters. In the end, you discover the cause is a much younger Fandaniel's creation, a flock of empathic birds he sent out into the universe to find out why people want to live. Every world they found was either dead, dying, or wished to die, so they made a nest at the furthest end of the universe, singing a song of doom to usher worlds to a quicker end.
In the Myths of the Realm alliance raid series, you fight the Eorzean gods as they test humankind's mettle. During Llymlaen's battle, you can target her with the /blowkiss emote, and if she's not otherwise occupied doing mechanics she'll go "Oi! Cut it out, you!" and throw a Navigator's Dagger at you for a truly huge amount of damage. Note: I have seen people disagree and say that the weapon in question is a fish, not a knife, but the fish's flavortext does mention it was named after her knife-throwing habit. I haven't seen if the model clarifies either way, but you can reasonably debate it I think--unlike the hat one, which is objectively incorrect.