Vance Randolph, Renowned Ozark Folklorist, on Plants that I Forage in the Arkansas River Valley and the Ozarks
Though I live in Arkansas, and work intensely with the land, I am not a native and not a member of Ozark folk culture. My best friend growing up, however, was the daughter of hill folk and I have fond memories of slumber parties (if it’s a party with two?) up around the Piney heading towards Jasper. Her dad’s people had been in the hills for generations and he was an archetypical backwoodsman.
Though my practice is rooted in my own ancestry, it’s also rooted in my bioregion—so it doesn’t hurt to look at the folklore of other residents.
Elder, yarrow, and plantain that I harvested Midsummer Night on the bayou
“God Almighty never put us here without a remedy for every ailment,” said old Jimmy Van Zandt of Kirbyville, Missouri. “Out in the woods there’s plants that will cure all kinds of sickness, and all we got to do is hunt for ’em.”
The following are excepts from various chapters of Vance Randolph’s Ozark Magic and Folklore, 1964 (originally published as Ozark Superstitions in 1947). Randolph’s first article on Ozark folklore appeared in the Journal of American Folklore in 1927.
He moved to the region in 1920 and spent the next few decades immersing himself in local communities across Missouri and Arkansas. Recognizing that the influx of modern infrastructure (like radio and automobiles) was causing traditional ways to fade, he focused on recording fading oral traditions through casual conversations.
“A plant called yarrow, or milfoil (Achillea millefolium), is used in making love potions. The same is said to be true of dodder, also called love vine or angel’s hair. Women in northwest Arkansas tell me that the roots of the lady’s-slipper or moccasin flower (Cypripedium) contain a powerful aphrodisiac. The leaves and stems of mistletoe are made into some kind of “love medicine,” but the whole matter is very secret. I have on two occasions seen women boiling big kettles of mistletoe out of doors but was unable to get any details of the procedure.”
“An old man near Bentonville, Arkansas, told me that it was no trouble to predict the result of any national election. If the Democrats are going to win, every garden is full of dog fennel; if a Republican victory is in the cards, dog fennel will be scarce, and plantain will choke every An old man near Bentonville, Arkansas, told me that it was no trouble to predict the result of any national election. If the Democrats are going to win, every garden is full of dog fennel; if a Republican victory is in the cards, dog fennel will be scarce, and plantain will choke every fence corner in Arkansas.”
[ @dvoeverie-stitches says: this state has been hardcore Republican since 9/11 and there is plantain every fucking where, I have yet to run across dog fennel personally]
“A great many of the old-timers call December 25 “New Christmas” in order to distinguish it from “Old Christmas,” which falls on January 6. They tell me that in pioneer days nearly everybody celebrated Christmas twelve days later than they do now. Old folks say that elderberry always sprouts on the eve of Old Christmas—even if the ground is frozen hard, you’ll find the little green shoots under the snow.”
Rattlesnake weed I spotted up in the Ozark St. Francis NationalWilderness and boneset in St. Claire’s Glade in the Ozark foothills
“Boneset tea is a favorite remedy for chills, fever, and ague. A tea made of elderberry roots is good, too. Some people have great confidence in blade-fodder tea, especially if the fodder has been kept in a dry place. Seneca-root or rattlesnake weed (Senega) is said to make a mighty fine chills-and-fever medicine. The unfermented juice of the little wild possum grapes is supposed to cure malaria. Uncle Jack Short of Galena, Missouri, says that he used to drink gallons of peach-bark tea every fall for his “ager”; also a tea made by boiling sheep manure, with a little spicewood added to kill the unpleasant.”
“The stick-notching treatment used for many other ailments is also adapted to the removal of warts. A little boy near Hot Springs, Arkansas, showed me a green switch with four notches in it, tied to the end of an old wooden gutter; each notch represents a wart, he said, and as the water rushes over the notches, it gradually dissolves away the warts.”
“Other hillfolk say that it is best to use an elderberry stick, and to cut the notch carefully so that it just fits over the wart to be cured. Then bury the stick on the north side of the cabin and never mention it to a living soul.”
⚠️ Please do your own research before using any of these plants—modern science doesn’t always agree with the lore ‼️