Dean and John’s relationship comes off as a “battered spouse” relationship because in a way, that’s what it was. Emotionally, Dean was put in a position to be a caretaker for his fathers needs. In effect, Dean became somewhat of a “spouse” to John in the way that he was treated, the way that he took care of his brother and in the way that he felt in regards to his father.
There is a family dynamic called “covert incest” in which a parent puts one of their children into a spousal role, emotionally, mentally, and in regards to the responsibilities placed upon that child. Most often, this kind of dynamic happens with the eldest child, and usually it happens with the child of the opposite sex as the narcissistic parent. So while the situation is a bit different from the “normal” dynamic in play with covert incest being that dean is his son, it still reads the same way with John and Dean.
clari-clyde and andieblogs first introduced me to this concept about a year ago in a series of messages, and I wholeheartedly agree with the analysis.
Good ole Wikipedia defines covert incest as such:
Covert incest (also known as emotional incest or psychic incest) is a relationship between a parent and child that puts a child in the place of fulfilling adult emotional roles. It is a term strictly describing interactions between a parent and child that are exclusive from sexual abuse, as they typically do not include the type of physical contact that would be considered child sexual abuse. These relationships are considered to be harmful, placing the child in a position of an inappropriate emotional role. (x).
Dean became John’s emotional crutch. And that’s not an interpretation. That’s straight from canon.
When John came home from a difficult hunt, it was Dean who was reassuring him that everything would be okay. Part of this came from Dean’s natural empathy, but John took advantage of Dean’s ability to read the emotional state of others and he used him as a way to make himself feel better.
When John needed to go on a hunt, it was Dean he expected to take on the caretaker role for his younger son.
While John “Doted” on Sam (his words, not mine. I have many separate feelings about the way John treated Sam) Dean was the one that John was always hardest on.
While Sam and John always butted heads, Dean never felt he was able to stand up to his father because “Dad needed me.” and he envied Sam’s ability to be his own person and to go to college and be “normal” when he knew that would never be in the cards for him because there are some traumas that shape who you are. And he had too many to count.
Dean was put into a position of adulthood long before he had the physical, emotional or mental capabilities to handle that burden.
I know a lot of people have analysed Dean’s parentification, but it’s important to note within this dynamic especially. Dean was not capable of being a parent to Sam. He was a child put into a role that he had no chance of successfully fulfilling, and he did the best he could with the limited experience he had.
But the responsibility to parent the Winchester boys starts and ends with John Winchester. And he failed miserably. Instead, he depended on his son to be a man long before Dean could ever have been. And if Dean failed in any burden that his father unfairly put on his shoulders, then he was punished for it. He was pushed down and pushed down, stuck in a box that he had no hope to escape… Until all he could think about was being everything his father needed him to be. Until John not only became his entire focus, John became his hero. His savior. Dean gained value in his life not in his accomplishments, but in the ways he could help John.
He set aside his needs, his desires, to focus on what his father needed him to do. And the most important thing that John expected Dean to do was to raise his brother while he was gone. So that became the most important thing to Dean. Dean’s focus became Sam. Was Sam clothed? Was Sam fed? Did he get to school on time. Did he have his homework done? Was Sam able to join the soccer team? Was he able to perform in the school play? Was Sam happy? What can I do to distract Sam from Dad being gone? How can I make sure Sam grows up innocent and pure, because my life is already planned out. His doesn’t have to be. What can I do to make sure Sam has a good Christmas because Dad isn’t here?
Dean became exactly what his father needed him to be. And in return. John showed him the love that Dean so desperately craved.
Wikipedia goes on to further explain the dynamics of the relationship.
The child becomes the surrogate partner and source of emotional support for the parent.[9] The abusing parent may also be afraid or unable to meet their needs through a relationship with another adult.[5] Alcoholism and other substance addictions are also associated with the occurrence of covert incest.[3][10]
Covert incest occurs when a parent is unable or unwilling to maintain a relationship with another adult and forces the emotional role of a spouse onto their child instead.[5] The child’s needs are ignored and instead the relationship exists solely to meet the needs of the parent[11] and the adult may not be aware of the issues created by their actions.[12]
Now let’s look at some of the results of how this kind of dynamic effects the children of emotional incest.
Addiction and compulsivity: In general, addicts don’t use to feel better, they use to escape and dissociate from stress, emotional discomfort, and the pain of underlying psychological disorders, including depression, anxiety, attachment deficit issues, and more. All of these issues are symptomatic of both covert and overt incest. It is therefore not surprising that a very high percentage of incest survivors also deal with adult addiction – substance abuse, compulsive gambling, sexual and/or romantic addiction, compulsive spending, eating disorders, etc. Sex addiction is especially common among both covert and overt incest survivors.
Difficulty developing and maintaining adult long-term intimacy: Covert incest leads to a wide variety of intimacy disorders. Many covert incest survivors feel smothered or trapped when they enter into adult romances, even if the person they are seeing is incredibly emotionally healthy. The unhealthy attachment bonds these survivors formed in childhood are just too deep, and they can surface any time an intimate attachment presents later in life. Sometimes covert incest survivors avoid intimate adult relationships altogether; other times they seek these relationships but sabotage or flee them when the anxiety they associate with emotional closeness kicks in. As a result, many survivors of covert incest report feelings of social isolation and social dissatisfaction.
Codependency: Many covert incest survivors develop a pattern, usually during childhood, of placing the needs of others ahead of their own. In covertly incestuous relationships this sort of behavior is rewarded by the perpetrator, which reinforces it. In Dash’s case, he got fancy lunches and adult-oriented movies when he complied with his mother’s desires.
Shame and feelings of inadequacy: Shame is the inherent, deeply rooted belief that one is defective, not good enough, and unworthy of love. Most often adult shame is rooted in various forms of childhood neglect and abuse, including (but not even remotely limited to) covert and/or overt incest.
Dissociation: Depending on the individual, the age at which he or she experienced the abuse, the nature of the abuse, and how it was (or was not) handled in the family, covert incest survivors can learn to dissociate or space-out when experiencing a stressful emotional moment or a “trigger” to past abuse. Some may develop a full-fledged identity disorder, though most simply struggle to “remain present” at work and in their interpersonal relationships.
Difficulties with self-care (emotional and physical): Like most early-life complex trauma survivors, many covert incest survivors do not feel that they deserve to be happy or to get their needs met in healthy ways. One way this sense of unworthiness can manifest is through inadequate self-care – poor eating habits, lack of exercise, underemployment, seeking out and/or staying in abusive relationships, procrastination, not completing important work or school projects, etc.
Love/hate relationships, especially with the offending parent but also with others: Unhealthy attachment bonds that form in childhood, such as the bonding that occurs with covert incest, tend to repeat later in life, not just with the person who helped form that unhealthy attachment, but with romantic partners, employers, and even friends.
Inappropriate bonding with their own child (intergenerational abuse): Sadly, bonding styles learned in childhood tend to repeat later in life. As such, victims of incest, both covert and overt, tend to perpetrate the same abuse on their own children. (X)
Now I dunno about you, but that sounds like a textbook definition of many of the problems Dean has as a result of his upbringing. And Sam too, to a certain extent.
John failed his sons. There is no doubt about it in my mind. He failed them.
And because the lens that this show is shown through is Dean’s point of view all we’re ever going to get is a skewed perception of who John is.
Because as Tom says, Dean has been brainwashed into thinking his father can do no wrong. And though he has resentments that have built up over time regarding John, Dean will never voice those resentments to Sam.
They will be pulled from the deepest parts of his minds from a skinwalker who downloaded his memories.
They will be forced from him when he’s dreaming and confronted with the reality of what he’s soon to become because he’s going to hell. All for a brother he couldn’t let die because it would fail everything his father instilled in him.
Those resentments will be brought out with an embarrassed admission that he never wanted to act toward his child—er I mean— Ben like his dad acted towards him.
Or he will mask them and trivialize John’s part in the way Sam and Dean were raised, but only in a haze of alcohol and funny anecdotes about the 101 different ways he had to make macaroni and cheese as a kid because that was all they had.
But if you study the show you will see that any time Sam is around, Dean is quick to defend his father. And I don’t think that will ever change. Because he’s been conditioned to believe that as far as Sam is concerned, Dean thinks John was a hero. That he did no wrong.
Only in later years do you see Dean somewhat opening up about John around Sam. The fact that Dean said that John would “win no parenting awards” in that TFW bar scene was significant to me because it was the closest Dean ever came to an admission of guilt regarding John in front of Sam. In 10 seasons. That was the first time he said something like that about John in front of Sam.
The river from which Dean’s problems flow are directly linked with John Winchester in my opinion. And this whole season is about the river ending at its source…. maybe Dean will finally be able to confront the traumas of his childhood and maybe… just maybe that river of self hatred will close.