Greek sun dial, found in Pergamon

1st - 2nd century CE

'Statue of Athena''. Pentelic marble. Found in Athens, near the Varvakios school. It is the truest and best preserved copy of the cult statue of Athena Parthenos by Phidias, which was erected in the Parthenon in 438 BC. In the original, which was about twelve times larger than the Varvakios copy, the naked parts of the body were made of ivory, while the rest of the statue was covered with gold leaf.

Queen's Lyre; reconstruction; wooden parts, pegs and string are modern; lapis lazuli, shell and red limestone mosaic decoration, set in bitumen and the head (but not the horns) of the bull are ancient; the bull's head in front of the sound box is covered with gold; the eyes are lapis lazuli and shell and the hair and beard are lapis lazuli; the significance of the beard is not known; panel on front depicts lion-headed eagle between gazelles, bulls with plants on hills, a bull-man between leopards and a lion attacking a bull; edges of the sound-box decorated with inlay bands; eleven gold-headed pegs for the strings.

Southern Iraq, Sumerian, about 2600-2400 BC.

Roman dice tower (turricula), used to ensure that dice roll outcomes were random

Inscription on the front side: PICTOS VICTOS HOSTIS DELETA LVDITE SECVRI - "The Picts are defeated, the enemies destroyed, play with confidence."

Inscription on the other sides: UTERE FELIX VIVAS - "Have a happy life."

4th century CE

For example, a couple years ago, while learning Spanish, I encountered the word for a store, "la tienda." I thought "huh, that's a lot like tener (tiene) - the word for store in Spanish literally corresponds to 'to have/keep'. How interesting!"