The Unsung Heroes of Indian Freedom Struggle
The Unsung Heroes of Indian Freedom Struggle- A dedication on this day of 19th December
Younger Days of Ashfaqulla Khan
The unsung freedom fighter Ashfaqulla Khan was born on 22nd October 1900 in a historical city of , Shahjahanpur ┬аin Uttar Pradesh. He belonged to a Pathan family and was famous for militancy. His mother Mazhoor-Un-Nishan Begum was an very fascinating lady. Among his four siblings Ashfaqulla Khan was the youngest. His elder brother Riyasat Ullah Khan was the classmate of Ram Prasad Bismil. When Bismil was declared runaway after the Manipuri plot, Riyasat used to tell Ashfaqulla about the bravery and Urdu poetry of Bismil. This led to a keen interest in Ashfaqulla to meet Bismil because of his poetic attitude. In the year 1920, when Ram Prasad Bismil came to Shahjahanpur, Ashfaqulla tried to meet him but failed. In the year 1922 when the non corporation movement started, Bismil organized meetings in Shahjahanpur to tell the people about the movements. It was then Ashfaqulla met Bismil and introduced himself as brother of his friend. From then on, they became good friends and the poetic alignment between them made them popular.
His Part in Indian Freedom Movement
When Mahatma Gandhi withdrew the non corporation movement after the Chauri Chaura incident in 1922, many Indian youths felt dejected and among them Ashfaqulla was one. He felt that India should become free as soon as possible and so he decided to join the revolutionaries and win the friendship with Bismil. Asfaqullah khan and Ramprasad Bismil together formed Hindustan Republican Association. The founder of the Association was Shachindra Nath Sanyal. The objective of the associatiom was to make India free from the clutches of the British. Later when the British disregarded their plea for independence, the revolutionaries decided to make them hear through their actions, subsequently, they organized a meeting on 8th August 1925 in Shahjahanpur and it was decided to loot the government treasury carried in the 8 Down Saharanpur-Lucknow passenger train. On 9th August 1925, Ashfaqulla Khan and eight other revolutionaries looted the train under the leadership of Ram Prasad Bismil. After the act, the British Government was astonished and deployed the Scotland Yard police to investigate the case. Within a month, the C.I.D collected the clues and decided to arrest the revolutionaries. On the morning of 26th September 1925, Ram Prasad Bismil and others from Shahjahanpur were arrested but Ashfaqulla went into hiding and moved to Banaras wherefrom he went to Bihar and worked in an engineering company for ten months. Later he went to Delhi to find out ways to move out of the country and took the help of one of his Pathan friend who betrayed him by informing to the police and Ashfaqulla was subsequently arrested. Tasadduk Husain, the then superintendent of police tried to play communal politics between Bismil and Ashfaqulla Khan but failed.
Ashfaqulla Khan was detained in Faridabad jail and a case was registered against him. The case of Kakori conspiracy was concluded by awarding death sentence to four people including Ashfaqulla Khan and Ram Prasad Bismil. On 19th December 1927, Ashfaqulla Khan was hanged and before hanging he kissed the hanging rope and recited the тАШShahadaтАЩ in Urdu. Both Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqulla Khan were hanged on the same day but in different jails.
"рд╕рд░ рдлрд░реЛрд╢реА рдХреА рддрдордиреНрдирд╛ рдЕрдм рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рджрд┐рд▓ рдореИрдВ рд╣реИ,
рджреЗрдЦрдирд╛┬ард╣реИ┬ардЬрд╝реЛрд░┬ардХрд┐рддрдирд╛┬ардмрдЬрд╝реБрдПрдХрд╛рддреАрд▓┬ардореИрдВ┬ард╣реИ"
The murderous hands of the ruthless foreign rulers cannot extinguish my┬аburning desire to make the supreme sacrifice (for freeing my country).
┬а Story of Ram Prasad Bismil
'Bismil' is the pen-namefor ┬аof Ram Prasad. As 'Bismil' he is well-known as a great revolutionary poet in Hindi. At the end of his autobiography, he has reproduced some selected poems. Every line of his poems throbs with patriotic fervor. In one poem, he prays, тАЬEven if I have to face death a thousand times for the sake of my Motherland, it shall not sadden me. Oh Lord! Grant me a hundred births in Bharat. But grant me this, too, that each time I may give up my life in the service of the Motherland."
Ram Prasad Bismil was one of the great Indian freedom fighters who also participated in the Kakori train incident. He was also a great poet and has written several inspiring verses. He was prosecuted by the British Government in India. Ram Prasad Bismil joined the band of martyrs who dreamt of a free India and made the supreme sacrifice. Bismil, along with stalwarts like Ashfaqulla Khan, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Bhagwati Charan, Raj Guru and others organised several upheavals against the British; they printed literature, provided shelter to revolutionaries, made hand bombs and were a constant source of worry to the British Government. They are most remembered for the Kakori train incident and the bombing of the Punjab assembly.
His Part in Indian Freedom Movement
Ram Prasad 'Bismil' was a brave revolutionary, who gave up his life smilingly for the sake of the Motherland. He was persecuted by an enraged foreign government, hunted by the police and betrayed by fellow workers. And yet he lit the fire of revolution to be liberated from slavery. He was the brave leader of the Kakori train incident. His poetry is also a lamp lighted at the altar of the Motherland. Kakori is a village near Lucknow. It became famous, because the attack on the train took place near Lucknow.
It was the evening of the 9th of August 1925; the number eight down train was passing near Kakori. Ram Prasad and his nine revolutionary followers pulled the chain and stopped it. They took under their control the money belonging to the government, deposited in the guard's carriage. Excepting that one passenger was killed by an accidental shot, there was no bloodshed. This extremely well-planned incident jolted the government.
After a month of detailed preliminary inquiries and elaborate preparations, the government cast its net wide for the revolutionaries. Arrest warrants were issued not only against the ten participants but also against other leaders of the Hindustan Republican Association. With the lone exception of Chandra Shekhar Azad, all participants were caught. The case went on for over a year and a half. Ram Prasad, Ashfaqullah, Roshan Singh and Rajendra Lahiri, all four were sentenced to death. A strong campaign was organized throughout India to save the lives of these revolutionary heroes. Many of leaders appealed to the British Government to show mercy to the condemned men. But the government was unyielding.
Death of Ram Prasad Bismil
It was the 18th of December 1927. A middle-aged lady was waiting at the main gate of the Gorakhpur Central Jail. She was eagerly waiting to be called into the prison. By that time, her husband also arrived there. He was surprised that his wife was already there before him. He also sat down to wait for the call. A young man came there. He was not related to them. He knew that the couple would be permitted to enter the prison. But how should he manage to enter the prison? This was his problem. The officials of the prison called in the husband and the wife. The young man followed them. The guard stopped him and rudely asked, " Who are you?" тАЬPermit him also, brother. He is my sister's son.тАЭ the lady said in an entreating voice. The guard relented. All the three entered the prison to visit a freedom fighter who was to face his death on the morrow. The freedom fighter was brought there in chains. They were like ornaments on him. This was the last time that he could see his mother, the last time he could address her as 'mother'. At this thought grief welled up in him. He stood speechless and tears rolled down his cheeks. In a firm voice the mother said, "What is this, my son? I had thought of my son as a great hero. I was thinking that the British Government would shiver at the very mention of his name. I never thought that my son would be afraid of death. If you can die only in this way, weeping, why did you take up such activities?"
The officials were astounded at the firmness of the mother. The freedom fighter replied, " Mother, dear, these are not tears of fear - the fear of death. These are tears of joy - joy at beholding so brave mother!"
The brave son of that brave mother was Ram Prasad Bismil. He was the leader of the famous kakori train incident. The last meeting ended. Next morning Ram Prasad got up earlier than usual, bathed and said his morning prayers. He wrote his last letter to his mother. Then he sat down with calm mind awaiting his death. The officials came and removed his chains. They took him from the prison тАУ cell towards his death. He was completely untroubled and walked like a hero. The officials were amazed. As he moved to the gallows, he joyfully chanted 'Vande Matram' and 'Bharat Mata Ki Jai'. At the top of his voice, he shouted, "Down with the British Empire". Then he calmly recited prayers and embraced death. As he was being executed, there was a strong guard around the prison.
When he was dead, the officials brought out the dead body. Not only his parents but also hundreds of his countrymen were waiting outside in tears. The people of Gorakhpur decorated the body of the brave son of Bharat as befitted a hero and carried it in a procession. Flowers were showered on the body' and the last rites were performed.
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