Futurism. Following last week’s lecture on Bauhaus, futurism was introduced as a response to the often strict world of minimalism, grids and ‘rules’ that surrounded this new era of modernist design. Futurism was an Italian Art and Print Movement that aimed to capture the dynamism and energy of the the modern world, embracing new technologies. This included revolutionary machines such as the car and the automobile, which represented movement and acceleration. The Manifesto of Futurism listed all the things that Futurists embraced and technologies they wanted to see more of. This was translated into paintings and artworks, represented a more ‘lived experience’, a sense of time and speed, capturing moments differently and more humanly than a camera would. Interestingly, as Karen noted, the role of paintings had changed during this time period; they had been freed from their role as a representative medium as people could now use photography.
One of the examples Andy and Karen presented was the Parole in Libertà, I found looked drastically different from any of the other printed publications that we had previously learnt about and were being made at the time. The words had been freed and liberated, and it was radicalising the way that language was being used. ‘Type had taken on a voice’, as Karen noted. Funnily, it was considered a very violent design at the time. Print up until then had become a mathematical harmony and the futurists were breaking these rules.
‘In the Evening, Lying on Her Bed, She Reread the Letter from Her Artilleryman at the Front’ by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, 1919 (source: arthistoryproject.com)
This piece is titled ‘In the Evening, Lying on Her Bed, She Reread the Letter from Her Artilleryman at the Front’. After researching some futurists works, the typography and meaning behind it struck me. It reminded me of the animation that Andy had showed in the lecture, with the dramatic and animated voice narrating the words that flew onscreen. This ink work shows how the woman is reading the letter she has been sent from the soldier through the dramatic stylisation of the words, using onomatopoeia to exaggerate these sounds. The messiness and violence of the wordforms and type, clashing into each other is representative of this violence of war. It had captured what futurism was all about - showing speed, showing an abstract view of the movement of reality.
‘Blue Dancer’ by Gino Severini, 1912 (source: guggenheim.org)
I also loved this painting I found, which depicts a flamenco dancer performing to the sound of the violin in the background. The various shapes and forms of her dress depicts the rapid movement of the dance, and Severini even applied real small, metal sequins to the dress to pick up the light and flicker, further capturing her distinct movements as she dancers. It almost looks like a fractured mirror in that several different parts of the painting depict the same facial or body shape, just slightly changed, as if the artist had blinked and was still painting. Again, movement and form are the driving values behind this piece; a perfect example of futurism in action.