The foundations should remain as shallow as possible, in conformity with climatic effects and strength of the surface soil; specifically in waterlogged ground.
The foundations should remain as shallow as possible, in conformity with climatic effects and strength of the surface soil; specifically in waterlogged ground.
For large underground structure, shoring work design details should be perfectly defined. The structure should be considerably inflexible.
Foundation design should be inexpensive & supported with updated technology to curtail piling cost. Ground treatment work should be carried on consequently.
Designers should be well versed with the presumptions provided in design, the changeability of ground conditions, the occasional in-applicability of refined soil analyses and the feasibiity of construction.
Soil investigation report should be prepared by an experienced Geo-technical Engineer. The assessment report should comprise of all essential data.
The construction on ground properties provides various impacts like vibration from piling, damage of ground due to excavation in unfavorable weather conditions, elimination of overburden, periodical change in the water-table, compaction of the ground by construction plant.
Impact of unstable shape, length and inflexibility of the foundation, and the requirement for movement and settlement joints.
After-effects on completed foundations concerning sulfate attack on concrete, ground movements because of frost heave, shrinkable clay, and the impacts of trees; also alterations in local environment, e.g. new construction, re-routing of heavy traffic, installation of plant in adjacent factories creating impact and vibration.
Fast but expensive construction may be more economic than low-cost but slow construction to clients needing quick return on capital investment.
Impact of new foundation loading on current adjacent structures.
