#types of testing

Testing is a technique of executing a software program to find errors in the application being developed. Testing is critical for deploying error-free software programs.There are many companies that provide testing services. Software testing is broadly categorized into two types; Functional and Non-Functional testing.

Functional testing:

Functional testing is a type of testing that validates the software application for its functional specifications or business requirements. It aims at checking each feature of the application by executing the test cases and matching the expected result with the actual result. There are various types of functional testing.

·       Unit Testing:

Unit Testing is a testing in which each component or module of the software project is tested. To conduct this testing, programming knowledge is necessary. Therefore, programmers perform unit testing.

·       Integration Testing:

Each unit of the software application is integrated into a unified functionality. These integrations are also tested to check whether they are functioning properly. This testing is known as integrated testing. The number of integrated tests is less compared to unit testing. Integration testing is four types i) top-down ii) bottom up iii) sandwich iv) big-bang.

·       Regression Testing:

When a new unit is added, there will be changes in the program. A regression testing ensures if the whole system functions properly after those modifications as per the requirements.  

·       Smoke Test:

A smoke test is a test that is performed to check if the application or the build is stable for further testing. It is also known as build verification testing or confidence testing. A smoke test can be done manually or automated depending on the organization’s needs.

·       Interface Testing:

The interface testing is done to test the user interface to ensure the customers do not face any challenges. The aim of UI tests is to check whether the user interfaces have been developed according to what is described in the requirements specifications document.

·       Acceptance Testing:

In this a system is tested for acceptability. The aim of this test is to evaluate the system’s compliance with the business requirements and assess whether it is acceptable for delivery.

·       System Test:

It is conducted to test an integrated application or build. The objective of the system test is to ensure the application of the system or build is as per the requirements.

Non-functional testing:

It is a type of testing that includes testing the non-functional attributes or requirements of the system like performance, reliability, security, scalability, and usability. The different types of Non-Functional Testing are as follows

·       Performance testing:

Performance testing is conducted to check if the performance of the application is as desired or not. The application performance is analyzed with the help of testing tools and if any issues or bugs are identified then they are fixed. By fixing those issues, you’ll be able to increase the performance of your software application.

·       Load testing:

Load testing is a testing that tests how much load a system can take before the software performance begins to degrade. By running load tests, we can know the capacity of taking the load of a system.

·       Security Testing:

The security test is conducted to find out the vulnerability of the software or the application in use. It is about to find all possible weaknesses of the system which might result in a loss of information at the hands of the employees.

·       Recovery testing:

Recovery testing involves checking whether the application can recover from crashes and how well it recovers. In this kind of test, testers observe how well the software can come back to the normal flow of execution.

·       Reliability Testing:

Reliability testing tells that the product is fault free and is reliable for its intended purpose. It is about exercising an application so that failures are discovered before the system deployed.

·       Install Testing:

Install testing is done to check if the application or the software is installed with all the desired features and functionalities. This testing is also done in the last phase of the STDC before the end-user gets access to the application.

·       Volume Testing:

The volume testing checks the system behaviour for the massive volume of data processed and the response time of the application/software. The large data volume can impact the performance if timely testing is not done.

·       Localization Testing:

Localization testing assures that the software or the application behaves as per the local settings. In simple terms, the application or software behaves as per the customization.

Some Common Types of Testing

·       Manual Testing

It is testing done without using any automated tool or any script. In this type of testing, the tester takes over the role of an end-user and tests the software to identify any unexpected behaviour or bug.

·       Automated Testing:

There are several types of testing, and several ways that testing can be completed. Some are easier to understand than others, and some require much more technical knowledge. Here is a(n incomplete) list! A/B testing Do our users like change A or change B? Usually, this is done by percentage; there may be more than two variables. 

Accessibility testing This is a sub category of testing that includes both making sure that accessibilty tools work with your software, that the UI is readable by those with visual disabilities, and that disabled customers can opperate your software. 

Automated testing Any testing that is done programmatically

Battery testing Does this app drain the battery unduly? 

Compatibility testing Which devices can the app run on? Does it run reasonably well on all supported devices?

Connectivity testing How does the app work slow, limited, or no connectivity to the internet or cell network? 

Functional Testing Functional testing is any testing regarding the function of the application or program. UI testing, accessibility, unit testing, and many others are types of functional testing. 

Integration testing Does the app work well with other apps? Ex: can I easily connect to Facebook or twitter? Can I use the device camera? 

Internationalization testing Can the app's language be switched without affecting the design or usibility of the app? 

Localization testing Will a user in another country be able to understand the dates and prices? EX: YYYY/MM/DD vs DD/MM/YYYY vs MM/DD/YYYY OR 10,000 vs 10.000 vs 1,0000

Low Memory test How does the app work on a device with low RAM or disk space? 

Manual testing Any testing done by a human being through direct interaction with the software

Monkey testing randomly tapping and pressing buttons in the app

Performance testing How long does it take the app to load from closed? From in the background? How long does it take to load a new page or flow?

Privacy testing Can the app reveal a customer's information? 

Redlining Does the app conform exactly to the specifications the designer asked for?

Security Testing Can the app be hacked or reveal company information?

UI testing Would a customer be able to get to and operate all of the features through the visible interface?

Unit testing What is the smallest possible test for these feature or function? EX: If an app multiplies the number of circles (N) on the screen by two for every time the user taps, the following tests may be run (depending on the functions written): that N when number of tap events is 0 is one; that the number of circles visible is equal to N; that (on a tap event) N = N*2; and possibly more!