#tehar

Kadalia, despite it's relatively small size, is very diverse climatically. 21 Köppen climate types are found there, from Af (tropical rainforest) to EF (polar ice cap). Since Kadalia is located in the Southern Hemisphere, it's northern parts are the warmest and southern ones are the coldest.

Kadalia's southernmost region, Sejuk, is dominated by frigid tundras. Due to close proximity of Sagastan it can become extremely cold during winters and barely gets mildly warm during summers. To the north, around the ice-capped Besar Mountains, warmer "austral zone" is located, with moist austral rainforests and "beech taiga" west of the mountains and dry semi-deserts and steppes east of them. Eastern coast has summerwet precipitation pattern. A few spots in the west have Cfc rather than Dfc climate.

Even more north is the area dominated by Dfb warm-summer continental climate; steppes and temperate forests are located there. In the east Dfb is replaced by Dwb. Northern coast of Sea of Sejuk is semi-arid, and in the west, the Dege Peninsula, mild Cfc/Cfb is most prevalent. Dege coast is the wettest part of Kadalia. Inland Dege is more continental. Hpt-summer continental is absent from Kadalia.

To the north, the mountain range divides the climates of west and east coast more drastically. Eastern Kadalia turns humid subtropical, summerwet at some localities. West coast, on the other hand, becomes winterwet mediterranean and then arid, with a large desert existing at the northern half of Voay Peninsula. Finally, Tanana Peninsula is tropical, with it's west coast dominated by Aw and Am and east coast being Af.

Such varied climatical zones cause Kadalia to be extraordinarily biodiverse.

Kadalia is a medium-sized continent, located within the Southern and Eastern Hemispheres, surrounded by the Kadalian Ocean from the north, west and east and by the Sagastanian Ocean from the south. The Voay Sea (also called the Voay Channel) lies between Kadalia and Africa, while the Sea of Sejuk separates Kadalia from Sagastan. The archipelago of Tanana, as well as multiple islands, such as Panya, lay on Kadalian continental shelf and are considered part of the continent, especially since many of them (though not the Tanana Archipelago) were connected to the mainland during the glacial maximums.

Kadalia is composed of different parts of ancient continent of Gondwana, those that in OTL would form Madagascar, Kerguelen, Seychelles and Mascarene Islands. On Tehar, they are conjoined in the form of a large landmass above sea level.

Kadalia has a variety of climates, from frigid tundras of Sejuk to hot rainforests of Tanana. It has relatively few mountains and is mostly flat. Kadalia is home to an extraordinarily unique biota, since it existed separate from the other landmasses for at least 66 million years. It's human history is long, and nowadays it is home of a variety of ethnic groups. Historically it was often considered "the crossroads between Libya and Tanah", and humans first came to it's shores from both sides.

Compared to the mountainous landmasses, such as Skiffia or Hatunwata, Kadalia is relatively flat. It's highest mountain is Mount Hitam, part of the Besar Mountains, in the southeast. It reaches just 3568 meters above sea level. The lowest point of Kadalia, the marshy lowlands of Lubang Rawa, is -13 meters below sea level. Most of the continent is either flat or hilly, with only a few minor ridges. The lowlands are home to multiple large rivers, flowing from the mountain peaks towards seas or lakes.

Volcanism is relatively prevalent in the southernmost parts, such as Besar, as well as in the Alas and Ramona Ridges. Active volcanoes exist, with multiple eruptions in the last few hundred years.

Glaciation exists in a significant portion of the mountains of Kadalia. While no part of the continent is covered by ice shields, unlike, for example, the frozen Sagastan, the glaciers in the southeast frequently reach low latitudes. Ocean waters south of Kadalia are often full of icebergs.

The most famous lake on Kadalia, the Ularair Lake, is of glacial origins. It has been carved up during the LGM.

Kadalia has been isolated since Late Cretaceous, when it completely broke away from Arda, right before the end-Cretaceous mass extinction event. Prior to that, it was a part of the ancient continent Gondwana, which causes a large portion of it's biota to share common origins with those from other Southern Hemisphere landmasses.

Continents of Tehar

Term "continent" used for Tehar includes both large (continents proper) and small landmasses (microcontinents) that are located on continental crust. Islands that are not on continental crust but have tense historical, biotic and other ties with a particular continent may be included as a part of it.

Uzun - OTL Europe, Asia and North America, name from Turkic languages meaning “long” (due to continent’s size), compare Proto-Turkic *uŕï-n, OTL Tuvan узун - long.

Motunui - OTL Zealandia (largely sunken in OTL), name from Polynesian languages meaning “large island” (due to continent’s size), compare OTL Māori motu - island, nui - big.

Motutea - OTL Western Antarctica, name from Polynesian languages meaning “white island” (due to continent’s abundant snow), compare OTL Māori motu - island, tea - white.

Hatunwata - OTL South America, name from Quechuan languages meaning “large island” (due to continent’s size), compare OTL Quechua jatun/hatun - big/large/important, wat’a - island.

Qaria - OTL Caribbean and Central America (Caribbean Plate), name from Quechuan languages meaning “naked, bare” (related to forestless shorelines of some parts of Qaria), compare OTL Quechua q’ara - naked, bare.

Libya - OTL Africa, name from Hellenic languages meaning “land of Libu (ancient North African peoples)” (related to continent’s ethnicities), compare OTL Greek Λιβύη - Libya (OTL country).

Sagastan - OTL Eastern Antarctica, name from Armenian language meaning “country of geese” (related to continent’s fauna), compare OTL Old Armenian սագ - goose, -ստան (Forming nouns with the meaning of place, especially country names).

Kadalia - OTL Mauritia/Mascarene Plateau and Kerguelen Plateau (both largely sunken in OTL), name from Malayo-Polynesian languages meaning “lizard” (related to continent’s fauna), compare OTL Indonesian kadal - lizard, skink.

Tanah - OTL Australia, name from Malayo-Polynesian languages meaning “land”, compare Proto-Malayic *tanah - earth, soil.Arda - OTL Southern India, name from Semitic languages meaning “land”, compare Proto-Semitic *ʔarṣ́- - earth.

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