Ringing in the spooky season with... Whale Falls!
What happens when a whale dies at sea?
When a whale dies, its body often sinks to the seafloor and its carcass is what’s known as a whale fall. The whale's body becomes a major food source for a variety of deep sea creatures for decades to follow and is quite the spooky sight! In the GIF below, you can see the amount of decomposition that happens within just one year!
Scientists have identified four different stages of a whale fall, all of which overlap and blend together.
Stage 1 (pictured above) is the Mobile Scavenger Stage. This stage occurs for the first couple of months to the next 5 years where free moving scavengers consume and remove the whale’s soft tissue.
Stage 2 (pictured above) is the Enrichment-Opportunist Stage. This stage can last up to 2 years! A great number of Osedax worms (pictured in red), crustaceans, and other organisms colonize the bones and enriched sediments surrounding the whale fall.
Stage 3 (pictured above) is the Sulphophilic Stage, which can take up to 50 years! When the tissue is removed from the bones, bacteria, Osedax worms, clams, and other organisms break down lipids, within the fatty bones and produce sulfides, which other organisms can then consume.
Stage 4 (pictured above) is the Reef Stage. It is currently unknown how long this stage can last because whale falls have only been studied for a couple of decades but it is believed that the skeleton left behind eventually provides structure for deep-sea suspension feeders.
Throughout these four stages, there are many different creatures that benefit from a whale fall. Check out our video to learn more!
Interested in a copy of a Whale Fall poster? Check out https://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/magazine/5/whale-fall/