 81 years ago this week, a 16-year-old girl in Nice, France passed her final school exam — and the next day, the Gestapo came.
Her name was Simone Jacob.
The world would later know her as Simone Veil.
Born on July 13, 1927, in Nice, France, Simone grew up in a secular Jewish family that believed passionately in the French values of liberty, equality, and brotherhood. Her father was an architect. Her mother was a trained chemist who gave up her career to raise four children. They were French first, Jewish second — patriots who believed their country would protect them.
They were wrong.
In March 1944, sixteen-year-old Simone sat her baccalauréat — her final school examination — using her real name. It was a small act of courage and normalcy in a city already suffocating under Nazi occupation. Her family had false identity papers. Her mother had begged her not to use her real name.
She passed the exam.
The next day, walking through the streets of Nice to celebrate with her classmates, she was stopped by two German officers in plain clothes. They checked her papers. They saw through the falsification.
She was arrested on the spot.
Within hours, the Gestapo had found her entire family.
Simone, her mother, and her sisters were sent first to the transit camp at Drancy — then loaded onto Convoy 71, bound for Auschwitz-Birkenau. They arrived on April 15, 1944, after two and a half days locked in overcrowded, airless cattle cars.
Simone was sixteen years old.
She was given prisoner number 78651.
At Auschwitz, Simone and her sisters survived through sheer will — supporting each other through forced labor, starvation, and cold so brutal it felt deliberate. Because it was. Her mother shielded them as much as she could, whispering courage into them in the dark.
Her father and brother, deported separately, were never seen again.
In early 1945 the three sisters were transferred to Bergen-Belsen. Their mother — weakened to nothing — died of typhus just weeks before the camp was liberated.
She had kept her daughters alive long enough to see them survive.
Then she was gone.
Simone returned to France in May 1945. She was seventeen years old. She had no parents. She had no home. She had a number tattooed on her arm and a grief so vast it had no edges.
She could have disappeared into it.
Instead she went to university.
She studied law. She became a magistrate. She fought for prison reform and the dignity of detainees. In 1974, she was appointed France's Minister of Health and stood alone in a parliament full of hostile men to argue for a law legalizing abortion — enduring hours of mockery and hatred — and won.
The law is still called the Veil Law today.
In 1979 she became the first woman elected President of the European Parliament.
In 2008 she was voted into the Académie Française — only the sixth woman in its history.
In 2018, France buried her in the Panthéon — among the greatest heroes the nation has ever produced.
When asked once how she carried everything she had survived, Simone Veil said simply:
"I never forgot. But I chose to build."
She died on June 30, 2017, aged 89.
The girl who walked out of Auschwitz with nothing but her name — and gave the world everything.
Rare History World Â
