#rj45 plug

As home networks have increased in popularity, so has the wireless router. The lack of clutter and the convenience of being able to connect to the Internet almost anywhere means WiFi is the first choice for anyone who is looking to go online. The blistering connection speeds offered by today’s WiFi standards do cause the downfall of wired Ethernet cable and make it appear a bit of a relic, but has wireless router really killed Ethernet cable in home network yet? Read the following text, and you can get the detailed information.

What Is Wireless Router?

Wireless router as shown below is an electronic device that works as a router, meaning it sends data from the Internet cable to a device, and as a wireless access point, so this data can be shared through radio signals instead of another cable. It can function in a wired local area network (LAN), in a wireles-only LAN, or in a mixed wired/wireless network, depending on the manufacturer and model.

What Is Ethernet Cable?

An Ethernet cable is one of the most popular forms of network cable used on wired home networks to connect devices on local area network (LAN), such as PCs, routers, and switches. Ethernet cable is physically manufacturer in two basic forms called solid and stranded. Solid Ethernet cable offers slightly better performance plus improved protection against electrical interference, which is more commonly used on business networks, wiring inside office walls or under lab floors to fixed locations, while stranded Ethernet cable is less prone to physical cracks and breaks making them more suitable for home networking. Cat5, Cat5e and Cat6 with rj45 plug are commonly used Ethernet cable types in home network. The following image shows different color-coded Ethernet cables.

Wireless Router VS. Ethernet Cable

Transmission Speed

When wireless router first moved into the mainstream, it was mostly based on the 802.11g standard, which offers maximum theoretical speeds of 54Mbps, and far less in practice. Thanks to new standards, like 802.11ac and 802.11n, which offer maximum speeds of 866.7Mbps and 150Mbps, respectively, but this still falls well short of the performance offered by Ethernet cable, which can produce speeds anywhere from 100Mbps to 1G and even 10G, depending on different Ethernet cable types. For example, a Cat6 cable can support the transmission distance up to 100 meters at the data rate of 1G, and when crosstalk is in an ideal solution, it can support 55 meters at the data rate of 10Gbps.

Latency

Connection quality just isn’t about raw bandwidth. Latency is also a big factor. Low latency becomes so important since the adoption of private cloud applications increases. It’s beneficial for ensuring fast responses time and reducing CPU (center processing units) idle cycles so that improves efficiency. This is also known as “ping” in online game circles. If you’re playing online games and need reaction time to be as quick as possible, you’re probably better off with a wired Ethernet cable, since it offers the advantage of much lower latency.

Security

Security is another big factor when comparing wireless router and Ethernet cable. The data on an Ethernet cable can only be accessed by devices physically attached to the network. These devices, including laptop at one end and router at the other end, need firewall to protect them to make your wired home network safe. However, with WiFi, the data is in the air. If you’re using an open network, such as in a coffee shop, then all the data you send and receive can be intercepted, including personal information and login details, which could be easily stolen by hackers or identity thief.

Interference

WiFi is susceptible to countless environmental factors. Radio waves can be blocked by walls and floors. Other wireless devices can interfere with the signal, including things you wouldn’t think of, like microwaves and cordless phones, as well as nearby routers using the same channel. These inferences result in inconsistent performance. As you move around your home, you can see the strength of your WiFi network connection falls and rises, affecting speed accordingly. Ethernet Cable can also experience signal degradation, but it’s easier to manage and avoid. And, once you’ve got things set up properly, they should just continue to work without experiencing seemingly random signal degradation.

Conclusion

It is known that fiber optic cable is often used fiber optic connector, like LC, SC, to achieve termination. How about Ethernet cables? That is RJ45 connector or RJ45 plug, which is a common component terminated with Ethernet cables to achieve the connection between computer and Ethernet-based local area network(LAN). The letter “RJ” means registered jack, which is a standardized telecommunication network interface for connecting voice and data equipment to a service provided by local exchange carrier or long distance carrier. This post aims to introduce this type of Ethernet connector and offers some simple guidance for terminating Ethernet cable with RJ45 connectors.

What Is RJ45 Connector?

RJ45 is the commonly used twisted-pair connector for Ethernet cable and networks. It is usually made of a transparent plastic piece with eight pins on the port as shown below. Four of the pins are used for sending and receiving data, and the other four are used for other technologies or power networking devices. So this type of connector is also called as 8P8C (Eight Position, Eight Contact) modular connector. It can be inserted along a fixed direction and automatically prevent shedding used for most applications, such as Ethernet networking, telecommunications, factory automation and so on. The RJ45 is originally invented to replace the bulkier connector for connecting modems to telephones in the telecommunication industry, but nowadays, it is most commonly applied for networking devices including Ethernet cables, modems, computers, laptops, etc.

Differences Between RJ45 and RJ11

Besides RJ45, there are many other types of RJ-style connectors on the market, RJ11 is one of them. RJ11 connector has similar appearance as RJ45, so people often mix them together. Actually, these two connector types have their own specific purposes. The biggest difference between them is in where they are actually used. RJ45 connector is used in networking, where you connect computers or other network elements to each other, while RJ11 is the cable connector that is being used in telephone sets.

Aside from the application, there are also differences that an individual can easily see and identify. The first of which is in the number of cables that are accommodated in each connector. If you look closely at both connectors, you would see that there are only four wires inside the RJ11, while eight wires inside an RJ45. As a consequences of having to accommodate more wires, RJ45 is a little bit bigger than RJ11. You should keep in mind although it is possible to physically fit an RJ11 connector into an RJ45 receptacle, this will never function for an actual Ethernet connection, or you will damage the device that has the RJ45 slot. We can see their differences in the image below.

RJ45 Wiring Diagram For Ethernet Cable

According to ANSI, TIA & EIA, there are two variations of RJ45 wiring diagram: T568A and T568B. Both T568A and T568B provide wiring schemes for terminating twisted-pair copper network cable to RJ45 connectors. The pairs in these cables consist of four colors (blue, orange, green, and brown), with each pair includes a solid-colored wire twisted with a wire of the same color, with white stripes.

When looking closely at the two wring diagrams below, the only visual difference between T568A and T568B is that the pin positions for the green and orange pairs are flipped as shown below. Besides the color placement variances, there are a couple of compatibility factors that can affect the choice of an RJ45 wiring scheme. T568B is a more up-to-date scheme and also the most widely chosen wiring schematic, because it matches AT & T’s old 258A color codes, meanwhile, T568B accommodates for current and future needs.

When building a new network, one may technically pick any one of the wiring schemes. No one scheme is better than the other, or is better suited for specific things. Both schemes are perfectly fitted for any installation type. But when an existing network is being expanded, it is crucial to use the scheme in place.

How to Terminate Ethernet Cable With RJ45 Connector?

Step1: Using a crimping tool, trim the end of the cable you’re terminating, to ensure that the ends of the conducting wires are even. Then strip off approximately 1 inch of the cable’s jacket.

Step2: Separating the 4 twisted wire pairs from each other, then unwind each pair, so that you end up with 8 individual wires. Flatten the wires out as much as possible, since they’ll need to be very straight for proper insertion into the connector.

Step3: Holding the RJ45 connector, so that its pins are facing away from you. Moving from the left to right, rearrange the wires according to the wiring scheme.

Step4: Holding the connector, and carefully insert the wires into the connector, pushing through until the wire ends emerge from the pins. Check to make sure that the wire ends are in the correct order. If not, repeat the steps2 to step3 again.

Step5: Inserting the prepared connector/cable assembly into the RJ45 slot in your crimping tool. Firmly squeeze the crimper’s handles together until you can’t go any further.

Step6: Carefully cut wire ends to make them as flush with the connector’s surface as possible.

Step7: To make sure you’ve successfully terminated each end of the cable, use a cable tester to test each pin.

Conclusion

Ethernet – the most popular & widely used network standard has grown ever since it was started way back in 1970s by Xerox Corporation.The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is responsible for the specification popularly known as Ethernet. Though IEEE rarely refer it as Ethernet. It is referred as 802.x series of standards after its initial release in 1985. The Ethernet standard  define different approaches for a network’s physical layer and methods which define how computers share a network.

In part 1 of this series we saw details of Ethernet cables and RJ45 Jack & plugs. Now we will see more of Tools required for wiring of Ethernet cables.

In the first 2 parts  ( How to wire Ethernet cables-Part 1 and How to wire Ethernet cables- Part 2) of this series we saw how to crimp Ethernet cables to RJ45 plug.