Feb 8
Black History: African Queens 👸🏿👸🏿👸🏿👸🏿👸🏿👸🏿👸🏿
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Black History: African Queens 👸🏿👸🏿👸🏿👸🏿👸🏿👸🏿👸🏿
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Neurographic paintings by Florida-based abstract artist, Queen Amina
THE MOST INFLUENTIAL WOMEN IN HISTORY | AFRICA [5/5]
Queen Amina, the Great Warrior (1533 - 1610)
At a time when men dominated most aspects of life, Amina the queen of Zazzau emerged. A skillful Hausa warrior, she commanded a vast army which conquered many territories and greatly expanded her kingdom.
Amina was the elder daughter of Queen Bakwa Turunku, the founder of the ZauZau kingdom, now modern-day Zaria in Nigeria. Her family’s wealth is said to come from the sale of leather goods, cloth, kola, salt, horses and imported metals. After her mother died in 1566, Amina’s younger brother, Karama was crowned king while Amina learned more and sharpened her military skills from the warriors of the Zazzau.
When her brother died and three months after she gained power, Amina led her first military warfare. In her 34 year reign, she fought and expanded her kingdom to the greatest in history. She led an army of around 16,000 men and initiated so many battles because she wanted neighboring rulers to support and permit her traders’ safe passage, by this; she boosted her kingdom’s wealth and power with gold, slaves, and new crops. She invaded the lands of Bauchi until she reached the Atlantic Ocean to the south and west. She conquered as far as Nupe and Kwarafa. Amina never married permanently as she did not want her power to be tied to a man but she did take a new husband from the legions of vanquished foes after every battle. After spending one night with the Zazzau queen, each man was slain.
She is a symbol of breathtaking strength and leadership, in fact, the character in the US-American television series 'Xena: Warrior Princess' is was inspired by Amina, princess and later queen of Zazzau. (x)
Amina - Conqueror
Amina was queen of the city of Zazzau (now Zaria in modern Nigeria) and led her army in expansionist wars for thirty-four years.
What is known of Amina’s life comes from oral traditions collected during the late 19th century in the Kano Chronicle, commissioned by Sultan Muhammad Bello, ruler of the Sokoto Caliphate in northwest Nigeria. There are thus some uncertainties regarding elements such as her accession to power or the exact dates of her rule.
Amina ascended to the throne circa 1576. There are two different versions of her ascension to power. The first is that she directly succeeded her mother, Bakwa Turunku, who was probably the first woman to rule over Zazzau. In the second version, a male relative named Karama came to power after Bakwa Turunku’s death. During his reign, Amina became a general and earned the respect of the male-dominated military. Her military prowess lead her to be chosen as the next sovereign after Karama’s death.
The queen set to expand the borders of her kingdom, leading her horsemen into battle. She first united all the Hausa city-states under her rule, captured the cities of Kano and Katsina and expanded the sub-Saharan trade routes. She also built defensive fortifications and today ancient Hausa fortifications are known as “Amina’s walls”.
She never married, but legends about her claim that she took a lover from each new town she conquered and had him beheaded the next morning. Amina is regarded as a national heroine in Nigeria, she appeared on postage stamps for instance, and is known as the “woman as capable as a man”.
References:
“Queen Amina, woman as capable as a man”, BBC News Africa
Toler Pamela D., Women warriors, an unexpected history
People Of Culture Podcast
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Statue of Queen Amina, National Theatre, Lagos (Nigeria). by Ben Ekanem
The context of Queen Amina’s leadership was pre-colonial Nigeria, where men did not feel threatened when women were in powerful positions, as it was usually understood that they deserved to be there because of age, kinship or merit, not gender. Women could even oust men who were not performing their duties effectively. While socially and economically, pre-colonial Nigerian societies clearly delineated women’s and men’s roles this did not preclude women from asserting their authority or themselves. Commonly known as the warrior queen, Queen Amina of Zaria was the first woman to become the Sarauniya (queen) in a male-dominated society. She expanded the territory of the Hausa people of north Africa to its largest borders in history. →
#AfricanRoyalty || The Queen
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historical women 14/?: Queen Amina, ?-1500s?
Amina was a Hausa Muslim Warrior Queen of Zazzau… she was “the first to establish government among them,” and she forced Katsina, Kano and other regions to pay tribute to her… She is mentioned in the Kano Chronicle, a well-regarded and detailed history of the city of Kano, composed in the late 19th century, but incorporating earlier documentary material. According to this chronicle, she was a contemporary of Muhammad Dauda, who ruled from 1421–38, and Amina conquered as far as Nupe and Kwarafa, collected tribute from far and wide and ruled for 34 years.