One of the figures in Catalan traditional festivities like festes majors are these big-headed characters. They are called different names depending on the area: cabeçuts, capgrossos, cabuts, cabets, caparrots, nanos or nanets. All these words derive from the concepts of "big head" or "short person", since that's their most iconic characteristic.
They're hollow paper-mache figures where the dancer puts their head in, and sees through the figure's mouth. They dance usually cheerful songs and greet the people who are watching, particularly children.
The figures can represent stereotypical people from the town (a school child, a rich man, a priest, a farmer, a heiress, etc), local historical or legendary people (nobles, pirates, etc), or just silly people. In some places, if someone from the town/city becomes famous or does something very good for the town, people can choose to make a capgròs that represents them.
If I'm not mistaken, this figures also exist in Basque culture, where they are called buruhandiak or kilikiliak (am I right, @beautiful-basque-country?)
Video by Agrupació de Balls Populars de Sitges taken in the national meet-up of cabeçuts from around Catalonia.
