#miniaturisation

You might know this tiny frog.

This is Mini mum (photo by Andolalao Rakotoarison), a species I had the pleasure to name—together with a team of amazing colleagues—back in 2019.

That was the start of a fascination with the process and consequences of miniaturisation for vertebrates. How the hell does this tiny frog manage to fit all of its vital organs—more or less all the same senses and organs that we have—into a package the size of a tic-tac‽ Why and how has it evolved to be so small? And why don't we get frogs that are much smaller?

Well, I just secured 1.5 MILLION Euros (!!!) in the form of a European Research Commission Starting Grant, to answer these and other related questions in the genomes of Mini frogs and other miniaturised vertebrates.

Because it turns out, there are *lots* of miniaturised vertebrates, and they push the boundaries of how small we think it is possible for a vertebrate to be! Here is a little graphic of some of them, scaled to a BIC ballpoint pen.

The project is called GEMINI: The Genomics of Miniaturisation in Vertebrates! You can read more about it on my website here, and in the press release, here!

Genomics Market was worth US$ 30.84 Bn. in 2023 and total revenue is expected to grow at a rate of 15.35% CAGR from 2024 to 2030, reaching almost US$ 83.81 Bn. in 2030.

A genome is the genetic material of an organism. It includes both the genes and the noncoding DNA, as well as mitochondrial DNA and chloroplast DNA. The study of genomes is called genomics. The genomics market is gaining traction owing to its applications in various fields of study such as intragenomic phenomenon including epistasis, pleiotropy, heterosis, and other interactions between loci and alleles within the genome. In this era of medical and life science innovations shaping itself as an inevitable uptake for sustainability of mankind, the genomic research is poised for exponential growth owing to imperative genetic innovations feeding off it.

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Global Genomic Market Outlook :

Genomics is extensively employed in healthcare, agriculture, biotechnology, DNA sequencing, and diagnostics. In the healthcare segment, genomics is used for the development of vaccines and drugs. This segment leads the application vertical and is growing with a CAGR of 10.1%-10.7 % through to 2025. Genomics plays a significant part in diagnosis of several genetic disorders. It has an ample scope in personalized medication as it can advocate a medical management constructed on the genetic face of a person with the help of clinical data and AI. It is also applied in synthetic biology and bioengineering. Genomics research in agriculture is hired for plant breeding and genetics to cultivate crop production. The understanding of gene function and the accessibility of genomic maps along with an enhanced understanding of genetic variant will aid the plant breeders to identify the traits and then manipulate those traits to obtain a high yield. All these factors affecting the enormous medical and agricultural sector are all set to stroke the genomics market with abundant demand.

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Global Genomic Market Growth Drivers:

As per the National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S, the progression in oncology (study and treatment of tumor) expenses is forecast to rise 7%–10% annually throughout 2020, with universal oncology cost exceeding $150 billion[1]. As per the WHO, cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018[2]. And the total annual economic cost of cancer at the initial period of this decade was estimated at approximately $1.16 trillion. Thus the application of genomics in exploring cell-free circulating DNA by several R&D sectors as a potential biomarker for cancers is driving the market towards exponential growth. The genomics market with its current potential displays all the necessary traits it can adapt in the coming years to divert a huge chunk of traffic and revenue from the omnipresent cancer diagnostics.

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As per the Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations, between 1960 and 1990 the arable land increased by 1.5 billion ha, and in the recent past decades the elevation recorded is just 155 million ha[3]. With decreasing arable floor and the increasing global population augmenting the demand for food by 70% (by 2050), obtaining a high yield is a major trend in the agricultural sector. Genomics market is all set to capitalize on this unprecedented demand scenario. Genomics supplements the understanding of gene function and the accessibility of genomic maps along with an enhanced understanding of genetic variant, thus aiding the plant breeders to identify the traits and then manipulate those traits to obtain a high yield.

After an acute analysis of the regional insights of the global genomics market, North America is revealed to hold 39% to 40% of the entire global market size as of 2018. Such dominance can be attributed to several aspects such as cumulative investment on research by federal administrations, growing patient awareness, and accessibility of urbane healthcare facilities.

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Droplet-Based Microgels: Attractive Materials for Drug Delivery Systems by Sammer-ul Hassan* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals 

Microgels are materials that have the properties to swell and shrink when exposed to external stimuli, i.e. temperature and pH. Therefore, they are instrumental in the field of drug delivery, but their production is complicated. Different strategies have been used to produce microgels from which emulsion polymerization and microfluidic techniques are commonly used. Lab-on-a-chip devices are handy and alternative tools to produce microgels because they provide control on the size, shape and reproducible production of microgels. This review will highlight the ways how to initiate polymerization inside droplets and convert them into microgels using lab-on-a-chip devices.

For more Open access journals in Crimson Publishers please click on below link https://crimsonpublishersresearch.com/