Kuklinski, J. H., Cobb, M. D., & Gilens, M. (1997). Racial Prejudice and Attitudes Toward Affirmative Action. American Journal of Political Science.
Kuklinski, Cobb, and Gilens designed a survey experiment to test the strength and source of attitudes towards affirmative action policies. Their method of choice was predominantly list experiments, in which they offer the control group a list of choices and ask how many make them angry. The treatment group then receives the same list plus one additional option. By comparing the average number of choices, one can estimate the attitudes towards the additional item in the treatment for both top-level groups, as well as subgroups. This particular advantage is well demonstrated through subgroup analyses of southern and non-southern whites.
