Japanese Lesson 33: Verbs part 5
It's a long-un folks! Sorry for the hiatus. I've been tired and busy. :)
Alright guys! We're going to finish up the present tense verb bubble today!!
TellοΌγiuοΌγγγοΌγθ¨γ (that's right, it's the same as "say")
MakeοΌγTsukuru:γγ€γγοΌγδ½γ
FindοΌγMitsukeru:γγΏγ€γγοΌγθ¦γ€γγ
WorkοΌγHataraku:γγ―γγγοΌγεγ
SupportοΌγSapo-to suru:γγ΅γγΌγγγ
- Shien suruοΌγγγγγγοΌγζ―ζ΄γγ
NeedοΌγHitsuyou:γγ²γ€γγοΌγεΏ
θ¦
Know:γShiru:γγγοΌγη₯γ*
TakeοΌγToru:γγ¨γοΌγεγ - MotteikimasuοΌγγγ£γ¦γγγΎγοΌγζγ£γ¦θ‘γγΎγ (to take; to carry something away)
Design:γDezain suru:γγγΆγ€γ³γγ
- sekkei shimasu: θ¨θ¨γγΎγ
ShowοΌγMiseru:γγΏγγοΌγθ¦γγ
WATCH OUT! Shiru (know) and Suru (do) sound alike in certain conditions.
ShitteοΌγη₯γ£γ¦οΌγKnow (-te form) Shite:γγγ¦οΌγDo (-te form)
Shiru (know) conjugates a little differently too:
Present Positive:γShirimasu:γγγγΎγοΌγη₯γγΎγ
Present Negative:γShirimasen:γγγγΎγγοΌγη₯γγΎγγ
Past Positive:γShirimashita:γγγγΎγγοΌγη₯γγΎγγ
Past Negative:γShirimasendeshita:γγγγΎγγγ§γγοΌγη₯γγΎγγγ§γγ
Command:γShitte:γγγ£γ¦οΌγη₯γ£γ¦
Continuing Action:γShitteiruοΌγγγ£γ¦γγοΌγη₯γ£γ¦γγ
You work
Anata wa hatarakimasu
γγͺγγγ―γγ―γγγγΎγ
γγͺγγ―εγγΎγγ
I know
Watashi wa shitteimasu.
γγγγγ―γγγ£γ¦γγΎγγ
η§γ―η₯γ£γ¦γγΎγγ
You'll most likely be using and hearing "know" in continuing action form almost exclusively. That's because like "have/own" and "raise" it's one of those things where if you KNOW something... you never stop doing that action.
I use it
Watashi wa sore o tsukaimasu.
γγγγγ―γγγγγγγ€γγγΎγγ
η§γ―γγγδ½ΏγγΎγγ
We find
watashitachi wa mitsukemasu.
γγγγγ‘γγ―γγΏγ€γγΎγ
η§ιγ―θ¦γ€γγΎγγ
They make hats
Karera wa boushi o tsukurimasu.
γγγγγ―γγΌγγγγγγ€γγγΎγγ
ε½Όγο½γεΈ½εγδ½γγΎγγ
Yes it rains
Hai, ame ga furimasu.
γ―γγγγγγγγ΅γγΎγγ
γ―γγι¨γιγγΎγγ
I support him.
Watashi wa kare o shienshimasu.
γγγγγ―γγγγγγγγγγγΎγγ
η§γ―ε½Όγζ―ζ΄γγΎγγ
I need you.
Watashi wa anata o hitsuyou to shimasu.
γγγγγ―γγγͺγγγγγ²γ€γγγγ¨γγγΎγγ
η§γ―γγͺγγεΏ
θ¦γ¨γγΎγγ
Watashi wa anata ga hitsuyou da.
γγγγγ―γγγͺγγγγγ²γ€γγγγ γ
η§γ―γγͺγγεΏ
θ¦γ γ
NOTE: Okay so I'm going to stop us right here real quick. So the thing about hitsuyou. Hitsuyou itself is a noun, not a verb. So it will either need "da"/"desu" or "to suru" at the end.
If using "da"/"desu" you want to use your "ga" particle. We could go with my usual explanation that to "need" somethin isn't a physical verb you have control over. You can't control what you need or don't need. Therefore you would use the particle "ga".
DISCLAIMER: that may not be the actual reason you use the "ga" particle here but it works.
That being said, however. This noun CAN use the "o" particle in conjunction with the "suru" verb as well... well... suru needs to be "to suru" in this case. So take that as you will.
If using the particle "o" you want to use "to suru". Which I myself had to look up because I don't know what the "to" serves to do there.
"to suru" basically means "to consider" as in "to consider to be " in this case we're using the phrase "I need you", "Watashi wa anata o hitsuyou to shimasu"
First let's break off "watashi wa" so we can focus on the part of the sentence we'll be messing with. "Anata o hitsuyou to shimasu"
To set this up like a math problem we have: A o B to suru. A (particle) B to consider.
In English it would be flipped around to:
To consider A to be B
So in the case of our example sentence.
Anata o hitsuyou to shimasu. Anata is A
Hitsuyou is B so flipping this to the English direction it would read: To consider you to be needed.
Yeah? I know that's a little difficult to wrap your brain around. I sat here 10 minutes trying to figure out what was going on. here's the thread I picked it up from
They touch the bear
karera wa kuma o sawarimasu.
γγγγγ―γγγΎγγγγγγγΎγγ
ε½Όγγ―ηγ触γγΎγγ
We take a newspaper.
Watashitachi wa shinbun o motteikimasu.
γγγγγ‘γγ―γγγγΆγγγγγγ£γ¦γγγΎγγ
η§ιγ―ζ°θγζγ£γ¦γγγΎγγ
Watashitachi wa shinbun o torimasu.
γγγγγ‘γγ―γγγγΆγγγγγ¨γγΎγγ
η§ιγ―ζ°θγεγγΎγγ
I design it.
Watashi wa sore o sekkei shimasu.
γγγγγ―γγγγγγγγ£γγγγγΎγγ
η§γ―γγγθ¨θ¨γγΎγγ
Watashi wa sore o dezain shimasu.
γγγγγ―γγγγγγγγΆγ€γ³γγγΎγγ
η§γ―γγγγγΆγ€γ³γγΎγγ
I need water.
Watashi wa mizu o hitsuyou to shimasu.
γγγγγ―γγΏγγγγγ²γ€γγγγ¨γγγΎγγ
η§γ―ζ°΄γεΏ
θ¦γ¨γγΎγγ
watashi wa mizu ga hitsuyou da.
γγγγγ―γγΏγγγγγ²γ€γγγγ γ
η§γ―ζ°΄γεΏ
θ¦γ γ
The boys touch the plate.
Shounen wa sara o sawarimasu.
γγγγγγγ―γγγγγγγγγγΎγγ
ε°εΉ΄γ―ηΏγ触γγΎγγ
I show them.
Watashi wa karera o misemasu.
γγγγγ―γγγγγγγγΏγγΎγγ
η§γ―ε½Όγγθ¦γγΎγγ
BONUS:
To lead someone along: Tsureteiku: γ€γγ¦γγοΌγι£γγ¦θ‘γ
I take them
Watashi wa karera o tsureteikimasu.
η§γ―ε½Όγγι£γγ¦θ‘γγΎγγ
Well okay... that was a sort of random sentence for me to run across. :/