hi! can you explain the whole "you don't need dysphoria to be trans" thing to me? i'm trans myself and i of course want to be accepting this idea, but i don't understand. i'd be super happy if you could help.
You do not need dysphoria to be trans
The term transgender has, at least since the 1990s, been a broad umbrella term referring to many types of gender variance, including nonbinary identities and people with gender expressions outside the binary. Many of them do not suffer from gender dysphoria.
It could be, though, that your question is based on a more narrow understanding of transgender, as in “those who have transitioned or want to transition to another gender”, whether this is socially, legally or through body modifications.
This is where things are getting complicated, because the answer to your question depends on your understanding of gender dysphoria.
In this debate a lot of people equal gender dysphoria with body dysphoria, referring to some kind of alienation from your given body. This is indeed a very common expression of gender dysphoria, but the American psychiatric manual, the DSM-5, allows for other variations, as well.
Here’s what the DSM-5 says. I have added emphasis to some very important phrases.
Gender Dysphoria in Adolescents and Adults 302.95 (F64.1)A. A marked incongruence between one’s experienced/expressed gender and assigned gender, of at least 6 months’ duration, as manifested by at least two of the following:1. A marked incongruence between one’s experienced/expressed gender and primary and/or secondary sex characteristics (or in young adolescents, the anticipated sex characteristics).2. A strong desire to be rid of one’s primary and /or secondary sex characteristics because of a marked incongruence with one’s experienced/expressed gender (or in young adolescents, a desire to prevent the development of the anticipated secondary sex characteristics)3. A strong desire for the primary and/or secondary sex characteristics of the other gender.4. A strong desire to be of the other gender (or some alternative gender different from one’s assigned gender).5. A strong desire to be treated as the other gender (or some alternative gender different from one’s assigned gender).6. A strong conviction that one has the typical feelings and reactions of the other gender (or some alternative gender different from one’s assigned gender).[p. 453] B. The condition is associated with clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
You need to tick off only two of the six variables to be diagnosed as gender dysphoric, and as you can see, three of them are not referring to the body.
By the way, in the DSM-5 the term transgender “refers to the broad spectrum of individuals who transiently or persistently identify with a gender different from their natal gender.” This is a much broader concept than “those diagnosed with gender dysphoria” (who are normally referred to as “transsexuals” in the medical community).
As I see it, gender dysphoria is the mind and the body’s way of expressing some kind of distress caused by a misalignment between your real gender identity and the one you are expected to present to the world. This does not have to be a feeling of “being trapped in the wrong body.”
I personally find it hard to understand how someone would be motivated to go through all the pain of transitioning socially and/or medically without feeling some kind of distress because of their present gender status.
I know that some argue that there are trans women and trans men who transition for purely sexual reasons (”fetish!”, “autogynephilia!”). But DSM-5 is clear in this respect: Sexual frustration may also be a sign of gender dysphoria, and you will find that those trans people who do have cross-gender fantasies, also report many other reasons for wanting to transition.
Note also that gender dysphoria will be significantly reduced or disappear in trans people who have transitioned. They are still trans.
1. Transgender is an umbrella term that encompasses all types of gender variance, and gender dysphoria is not required.
2. Gender dysphoria does not require that you are feeling alienated from your body.
See also: Do You Need Gender Dysphoria to Be Trans?