#human embryogenesis

Intercellular communication is a topic of great scientific interest. Specifically, one form of intercellular communication known to occur is between the inner cell mass (ICM), which forms the embryo, and the trophoblast layer of the blastocyst during human embryogenesis. However, the exact mechanism of this communication was unknown. More importantly, if this mechanism were understood, it would be possible to increase human embryo implantation efficiency, thus providing the potential to improve medical procedures.

The lab of SBGrid member Richard Cerione has been studying this intercellular communication to uncover the nature of these interactions. The researchers demonstrate that embryonic stem cells derived from the ICM release microvesicles which have a direct impact on trophoblast activity. Additionally, they found that these microvesicles contain laminin and fibronectin, which lead to the activation of signaling kinases JNK and FAK. This signaling can cause trophoblast migration. Interestingly, similar mechanisms of intercellular communication have been implicated in cancerous cells, suggesting the interdisciplinary nature of this research.

These exciting findings have great implications for embryonic implantation efficiency. Embryonic implantation is of great importance for a successful pregnancy, as errors in this process can have serious consequences. By using these microvesicles isolated from embryonic stem cells, the researchers observed a higher implantation efficiency rate.