Maria Josepha of Saxony, Dauphine of France
Artist: Jean-Etienne Liotard (Genevan, 17021789)
Collection: Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Maria Josepha of Saxony, Dauphine of France
Maria Josepha of Saxony (1731-1767), known for her intelligence, gentleness and righteousness, was the daughter of Augustus III, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony, and Archduchess Maria Josepha of Austria, daughter of the late Emperor Joseph I of the Holy Roman Empire.
In 1747, aged only 15, she married Louis of France, eldest son of Louis XV and Maria Leszczyńska. She was the mother of eight children, notably the last three French kings of the House of Bourbon, Louis XVI, Louis XVIII and Charles X, and two daughters, Clothilde, declared venerable by the Catholic Church, and Elisabeth, who also died in odour of sanctity.
She never became Queen of France because the Dauphin Louis died in 1765 while Louis XV was still alive.