Oct 14, 2022
FHRP stands for First Hop Redundancy Protocol which is designed to provide redundancy to the gateway router within the organization's networ
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FHRP stands for First Hop Redundancy Protocol which is designed to provide redundancy to the gateway router within the organization's networ
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A most frequently asked question I hear from CCNA & CCNP students is - What are the most used technologies in the enterprise ? Well, there could be no perfect answer to this question but I am sharing the list of most commonly used technologies from my ten years of experience. Lets start with the discussion of the day -
Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) as we all know is a Cisco's protocol to deal with the failure of the default gateways in the LAN but when compared with any other protocol of similar nature (HSRP, VRRP etc) it stands much ahead of all these protocols. GLBP is a feature rich protocol with superb ease of configuration.
Redundancy Protocols - HSRP, VRRP and GLBP
Issues with Redundancy Protocols
Technologies:
HSRP:
Hot Standby Router Protocol - Created by Cisco
VRRP:
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol - Created by IETF - Standard work with multiple vendors
GLBP:
Created by Cisco
Issues:
1. Client using the wrong gateway ip address - ipconfig for pc and ifconfig for mac
2. Wrong device acting as the active device - sh standby brief - The device that we want to be active has to have a higher priority number.
3. Missmatch authentication - sh run [interface]
NOTE: Make sure that if a key-chain is on the interface, that the key-chain was created on the global config.
4. The Active device doesn't gain the Active after reboots - sh standby brief
5. Wrong group number - sh standby brief
Good Show command to know:
show standby brief - harp
show glbp brief - glbp
show vrrp brief - vrrp
show standby [interface] - hsrp
show glbp [interface] - glbp
show vrrp [interface] - vrrp
Debug standby terse - hsrp
Debug glbp terse - glbp
Debug vrrp event - vrrp
sh run interface [interface]
note: This is only redundancy protocol troubleshooting. You still need to know the other technologies to be able to fix any issues with redundancy protocol. Example, if layer 1 is not working HSRP, VRRP or GLBP are not going to work.