A research experiment was executed to investigate the presence of genetic variation existing as components of variation, correlations and path-coefficient analysis of yield and fiber quality traits viz. plant height, sympodial branches per plant, bolls per plant, boll weight, ginning outturn percentage, seed index, fiber length, fiber fineness and seed cotton yield. The research experiment was conducted comprising of 12 cotton cultivars planted under randomized complete blocked design (RCBD) at the experimental field of Cotton Research Institute Anyang Henan, China, during the cotton crop season 2017-18. The cultivars included 705230, 705240, 705242, 705244, 705252, 705360, 705366, 705368, 705398, 705441, 705482, and 705542 accessions of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L). The results in analysis of variance revealed that plant height, sympodial branches, bolls per plant, fiber fineness, and seed cotton yield shown highly significant differences, whereas ginning outturn percentage, boll weight, fiber length and seed index exhibited significant differences. High heritability with moderate genetic advance for the number of sympodial branches, Micronaire value, Number of bolls per plant, and seed cotton yield provide a sound ground for improvement in these through selection. In conclusion results showed that genotype 705244 has the highest plant height whereas genotype 705244 produced a maximum number of sympodial branches per plant similarly and genotype 705244 exhibited as, as a superior variety for cotton with reference to seed production and can be commercialized as a high yielding variety.