Suomen Mestari 3. - Unit 5. Grammar: Essive and Translative case
I guess these are the cases that kinda come up latest. My previous book has touched on these topics so Iâve known these two mostly, but itâs always good to review.
Essive
The ending is -na/-nĂ€.Â
Aki työskentelee oppaana. - Aki works as a guide. Nuorena Olga asui Pietarissa. - Olga lived in St. Petersburg when she was young. Rikkaana miehenĂ€ Simo maksoi kaikkien ruoat. - As a rich man, Simo paid for everyoneâs food.
Uses
Role, condition: mostly used with professions/work. Jyrki oli kokouksessa sihteerinĂ€. - Jyrki was at the meeting as a secretary. Selma työskentelee BrysselissĂ€ kÀÀntĂ€jĂ€nĂ€. - Selma works in Brussels as an interpreter. VĂ€syneenĂ€ ei kannata ajaa autoa. - Itâs not worth driving tired. (=when you are tired)
âbecauseâ: I guess this could also be translated to âas aâ. HyvĂ€nĂ€ kokkina Seija tekee yleensĂ€ ruoat sukujuhliin. - As a good cook, Seija usually makes food for family parties.
with pitÀÀ and kÀyttÀÀ, following word is in the partitive. Kaikki kurssilaiset pitÀvÀt PÀiviÀ hyvÀnÀ opettajana. - All the students on the course think PÀivi is a good teacher. KÀytÀmme työhuonetta myös vierashuoneena. - We also use the study as a guest room.
with time - this is probably the best-known use NĂ€hdÀÀn keskiviikkona! - See you on Wednesday! LĂ€hdemme juhannuksena mökille. - Weâre going to the cottage for Midsummer. Olin lapsena melko ujo. - I was quite shy as a child.
Translative
The ending is -ksi. Creating the well-liked -seksi words. :D
SÀÀ muuttui pilviseksi. - The weather turned cloudy. Alex opiskeli insinööriksi. - Alex studied to be an engineer. MÀkelÀt ostivat vanhan talon kesÀmökiksi. - The MÀkelÀ family bought an old house for (to use it as) a summer house.
When you add a possessive suffix, -ksi changes to -kse, and then the suffix of course goes at the end of the word.
Tuletko vaimokseni? - Will you be my wife? Liisa-tÀti tuli vieraaksemme. - Aunt Liisa came to visit us.
While the essive case is mostly for a state, the translative implies change. (Työskentelen lÀÀkÀrinÀ - I work as a doctor. Opiskelen lÀÀkÀriksi - I study to be a doctor)
Me tulimme iloisiksi. - We became happy. Sirpa maalasi seinÀn valkoiseksi. - Sirpa painted the wall white. Jani valmistui sairaanhoitajaksi. - Jani graduated as a nurse.
with luulla, sanoa, kutsua (can again be translated sth like âas a...â), followed by partitive Luulin hĂ€ntĂ€ siivojaksi, mutta hĂ€n olikin professori. - We thought he was a cleaner, but he was the professor. Suomalaisia sanotaan usein hiljaisiksi. - Finns are often said to be quiet. Kaverit kutsuvat Kaarloa Kalleksi. - His friends call Kaarlo Kalle.
with time - this usually means a plan, or said before it happens Alex matkustaa viikoksi Lappiin. - Alex travels to Lapland for a week. Menen hetkeksi lepÀÀmÀÀn. - Iâm going to relax for a moment. used with a day it means the same as âmennessĂ€â - by that day
with languages - again this is probably the most well-known use MitÀ âkiitosâ on arabiaksi? - What is âkiitosâ in Arabic?










