DNA-stable isotope probing technology (DNA-SIP) is a molecular ecology technology that uses stable isotopes to trace the genomic DNA of microorganisms in complex environments. Making use of stable isotopes to trace microbial genomic DNA in complicated environments can realize the transformation of research from single microbial physiological process to physiology and ecology of microbial community, and directional exploration of important microbial resources at a higher and more complex level, promoting microbial physiological ecology and biotechnology development.