#deity list

Not a complete listing, but this is the majority of them and their rulerships:

Primordial gods:

Atum - god of the Sun; the All-Maker of the Universe, gods, and life

Ptah - god of wisdom, creativity, pottery, artwork, architecture, rebirth, and craftsmanship

Nun - god of the primordial waters

Naunet - goddess of the primordial waters; counterpart to Nun

Tatenen - god-personification of the mound of earth on the waters of Nun at the beginning of time 

Tefnut - goddess of wet air, moisture, dew, and rain

Shu - god of dry air, wind, light, and peace; twin brother/consort of Tefnut

Nuit - goddess of the sky, cosmos, astronomy, motherhood, and the Universe; wife of Geb

Geb - god of the earth and fertility; husband of Nuit

Significant gods:

Amun - god of the Sun, generosity, and air; synchronized with Ra to become Amun-Ra, King of the Gods

Ra - god of the Sun, sky, order, and kingship; King of the Gods; said to be a form of Atum

Osiris - god of the Underworld, death, fertility, agriculture, vegetation, and rebirth; husband of Isis; King of the Dead

Isis - goddess of magic, life, compassion, death, rebirth, fertility, motherhood, childbirth, devotion, royalty, knowledge, protection, abundance, healing, and the elements; Queen of the Gods, wife of Osiris

Horus - god of the sky, war, hunting, and kingship

Set - god of chaos, mischief, storms, deserts, battle, danger, virility, and foreign lands

Hathor - goddess of love, compassion, beauty, women, motherhood, childbirth, fertility, joy, music, dance, alcohol, festivity, and the cosmos

Sekhmet - goddess of war, destruction, blood-lust, plagues, healing, the Sun, and divine wrath

Nephthys - goddess of death, mourning, darkness, childbirth, burial, and air

Anubis - god of death, mummification, embalming, tombs, cemeteries, and the Underworld

Thoth - god of knowledge, wisdom, writing, magic, truth, integrity, time, and the Moon

Ma’at - goddess of truth, justice, harmony, wisdom, morality, balance, and divine order Seshat - goddess of knowledge, wisdom, writing, languages, books, mathematics, science, astronomy, astrology, calculations, architecture, and surveying; daughter of Thoth and Ma’at

Bast - goddess of domesticity, cats, family, children, pregnancy, women’s secrets, fertility, pleasure, sex, music, the arts, protection, perfume, fire, sunrise, and war

Taweret -  goddess of childbirth, fertility, and protection

Ammit - goddess of retribution

Sobek - god of sovereignty, military prowess, strength, fertility, medicine, surgery, protection, and water

Serqet - goddess of protection, healing, and venomous creatures

Neith - goddess of creation, war, weaving, wisdom, motherhood, childbirth, hunting, water, fate, and the cosmos

Qetesh - goddess of maidens, beauty, and nature

Khonsu - god of the Moon and healing

Wepwawet - god of war, hunting, and death; brother of Anubis

Additional gods:

Aken - ferryman god of the dead

Anat - goddess of war, sex, beauty, fertility, and hunting; originated from Canaan

Astarte - goddess of sex, passion, war, beauty, fertility, and the stars; sister of Anat, originated from Canaan

Aker - god of the horizon

Am-Heh - the “eater of eternity” god who lives in the Underworld’s lake of fire 

Amunet - goddess of air and invisibility; female counterpart of Amun

Amunhotep - god of healing and wisdom

Andjety - god of fertility

Anhur - god of war

Anqet - goddess of fertility

Anti - hawk god of Upper Egypt

Anuket - goddess of war, fertility, lust, and Nile cataracts

Apedemak - god of war

Asclepius - god of healing

Ash - god of the Libyan desert and oases

Aten - god of the Sun

Apep - snake-god of evil

Ba’al - god of storms, war, fertility, weather, and seasons; originated from Canaan

Babi - god of virility

Ba-Pef - god of terror, especially spiritual terror

Bat - goddess of fertility and success

Bennu - god of the Sun and rebirth

Bes - god of childbirth, fertility, sex, humour, and war

Denwen - dragon god of fire and destruction

Fetket - god of bartenders; assistant of Ra

Duamutef - protective god of the canopic jar of the stomach; son of Horus

Hapi - god of fertility and the Nile; protected the canopic jar of the lungs 

Imsety - protective god of the liver canopic jar    

Qebehsenuef - protective god of the canopic jar of the intestines

Heh - god of eternity; feminine counterpart is Hauhet

Heqet - frog goddess of fertility and childbirth

Heka - god of magic and medicine

Heset - goddess of food, drink, beer, and merriment

Hu - god of the voice; personification of Ra’s first words of creation

Ihy - god of music and joy; son of Hathor and Horus the Elder

Kek - god of obscurity, night, and darkness; feminine counterpart is Kauket

Khnum - ram god of pottery, fertility, and virility

Maahes - lion god of the Sun and war; son of Sekhmet

Mafdet - feline goddess of justice and protection against venom

Merit - goddess of music who conducted the symphony of cosmic order

Meskhenet - goddess of childbirth and destiny who created the ka (spirit)

Nefertem - god of the blue lotus, perfume, aromatic healing, and the dawn

Nehebu-Kau - god who units the ka with the ba at one’s death

Neper - god of grain and the harvest

Renenutet - cobra goddess of nursing, fertility, and childbirth

Reshep - god of war and pestilence; originated from Canaan

Sepa - centipede god of protection

Serapis - a Greco-Egyptian god of fertility, vegetation, and the afterlife 

Shentayet - goddess of widows

Shezmu - god of drunkenness, wine, perfume, and abundance 

Tenenit - goddess of beer, brewing, and childbirth 

Hi guys ✨

A list of the pagan gods who were worshipped by the Pre-Islamic Arabs. Much of the evidence of these deities and their worshippers were destroyed during the rise of Islam, but this is the majority of those remembered:

Elder Gods:

Allah - the supreme deity (both male and female) of the pagan Arabs. Allah is the one who existed before all things and had created the universe. Afterwards, they retired into the position of a silent and remote spectator who dwelt in 'Aliyyin, the highest heaven, and only intervened in human affairs in extreme cases of drought or danger. Despite being the supreme deity, Allah was rarely directly worshipped.

Al-Lat - goddess of war, peace, combat, and prosperity. Al-lat was the Meccan mother goddess and the chief deity of the tribe of Banu Thaqif. She is one of the three daughters of Allah- all of whom were the supreme goddesses of the Arabs and were widely worshipped. 

Al-Uzza - goddess of might, protection, love, and the planet Venus. One of the three daughters of Allah and wife of Hubal, god of war

Manat - goddess of fate, destiny, and death. She is the eldest of her three sisters (making her the eldest deity after Allah). She is wife of Quzah, the god of thunder.

Younger Gods:

Hubal - god of war, victory in battle, fortune, and rainfall; husband of the goddess Al-Uzza.

Manaf - god of mountains

Quzah - god of storms, thunder, and clouds; husband of Manat. Thunder, said to be the battle-cry of Quzah, was believed to scare away spirits of disease and misfortune. The rainbow that appeared after rain was considered by the people of Mecca to be a ladder to the heavens.

Isaf and Na'ila - Meccan water deities: the dual guardian spirits of the holy well of Zamzam 

Duwar - goddess of maidens; she was worshiped by the youngest women of the Banu Quraysh

Al-Ikrimah - god of fertility; his idol was a statue of a dove carved from aloe wood 

Dhātu-Anwāt - goddess of trees

Suwā - goddess of night, beauty, and freshwater springs

Ar-Rā'iyu ('The One Who Sees') - god of dreams and prophecy. All dreams were considered to be messages from the gods in pre-Islamic Arabia and oracles specialized in interpreting them. This god was believed to be an all-seeing guardian.

Al-Mundhir - a west Arabian god of justice, whose name means ''The Cautioner''

Yaghuth - ("He Helps") the south Arabian god of strength, courage, and war; had an idol that was a statue of a lion which was situated on a hill in Yemen

Yahwah - north Arabian weather god, worshiped as a divine warrior who rides on the clouds and leads the armies of Heaven. In the religion of the Hebrew tribes of ancient Palestine, their deity Yahweh was originally one god among many; although in later times he developed into a major tribal god and eventually the Hebrews elevated him to the status of an all-powerful creator god above all the others: a position that was held previously by El, who became an epithet of Yahweh. 

Bahar (or Bajar) - god of the ocean

Rudā - a central Arabian rain goddess; brought droughts when angered

Nahastāb - a south Arabian fertility god who was worshiped by the Minaean Arabs. This god was associated with serpents who were recognized as omens of bounty and fertile ground.

Su’ayr - north Arabian god of oracles

Al-Jalsad - south Arabian god of pastures and fields

Ashar - north Arabian god of war

Ni'mat - north Arabian goddess of fortune

Hāwlat - goddess of magic and power; patroness of the oases of Dumah and Hejra. The name of the goddess means ''to change (fortunes)'' and ''to avert''.

Abgal - north Arabian tutelary god; god of the desert and the patron of Bedouins and caravan drivers 

Amm’anas - south Arabian god of agriculture

Nasr - god of the deep desert whose idol was a sculpture of a large vulture (in some sources an eagle) that was situated in a temple in the village of Balkha in Yemen. The sacred animal of Nasr, the vulture, was venerated by his worshipers as a totem of insight and sharp character; as well as this, the god represented the hostile and unforgiving aspects of nature, in particular, the desert.

Dhātu-Ba'dan - south Arabian goddess of oases, nature, and the wet season 

Taraha - north Arabian goddess of fortune and prosperity. This goddess was also known as Tadha and was believed to watch over the tombs of the dead. 

Al-Ghurab - god of the dead; his idol was in the form of a raven that was housed in the Ka'aba along with 360 other idols of gods and goddesses. Ravens were sacred to this god as guardians of the spirits of the dead

Kuthrā (''The Most Rich'') - central Arabian goddess of prosperity and fortune

Khomar - south Arabian god of wine and vineyards 

Ya’uq is the south Arabian god of protection and preservation who was associated with swift thought and intelligence 

Salman (or Salim) - god of oases, peace, and harmony. In the religion of the western Semites, Shalim was a god of the underworld and the dusk, and his name 'Shalim' (Peace) was meant as an allegory for the peace of the grave. 

Rahmaw (or Rahmanan) - south Arabian god of mercy and protection, whose mythology was later absorbed into that of the creator god Allah. 

Al-Jadd - god of luck

Jihār - west Arabian god of longevity, wisdom, and marketplaces

Isāt - south Arabian goddess of fire; counterpart to the Canaanite fire goddess Ishat, wife of Moloch

Yurhim - god of joy and happiness 

Harimtu (or 'Athiratan) - south Arabian goddess of fertility; the mother of the gods and the wife of the sky god Ilmaqah

Ilmuqah (also known as Ilumquh and Almaqah) - south Arabian god of the sky and the chief tribal deity of the Sabaean Arabs. He was worshiped as the protector of artificial irrigation and his divine symbol was a cluster of lightning bolts surrounding a curved sickle. Bulls were the sacred animals of Ilmuqah. His name means ''The God Who Gives Health''

Shay al-Qawm - god of war, valour, and the night

Qaynan - god of metalworkers and smiths

Al-Kutbay (or al-Aktab) - god of writing, prophecy and merchants who was the scribe of the gods and recorder of all deeds and events 

Raziqa (or Razeka) - goddess of the earth and fertility who was worshiped by the ancient tribes of Thamud and 'Ād as a provider of food and sustenance.

Nuha (or Nahi) - north Arabian goddess of wisdom and intelligence

Hafidha - goddess of travel and journeys 

Thu'ban - god of snakes; believed to be a giant serpent who guarded the treasures in the well of the Ka'aba of Mecca. 

Celestial Deities:

Hilāl - god of the moon; provided relief and dew for the weary desert nomads and their flocks. The waning crescent moon which was first visible before and after a new moon, heralded the start of Ramadan: this was a sacred time for the pagan Arabs of Mecca and the Hijaz, during which they fasted and feasted.

Shams - goddess of the sun and the chief goddess of the Himyar tribal confederation; believed by the inhabitants of the fertile lands of south Arabia to be a preserver of crops and domestic life, while other tribes with more intense heat viewed her as a destroyer of lands. She was both respected and feared.

Athtar - god of the planet Venus (linked with the Canaanite god Attar).  Athtar is the provider of water and a protector of irrigation systems. His sacred symbol is a spear-point as he is also a war god, and his sacred animal is the Arabian oryx (antelope).

Akhwar - god of righteousness and the planet Jupiter

'Utarid - god of intelligence, learning, writing, eloquence, and Mercury

Azizan (also known as Azizos) is the north Arabian god of the planet Mars who was associated with victory in battle and was depicted as riding on a camel alongside his brother Mun'im

Nakruh - god of the planet Saturn

Dhu’l-Samawi - god of the night sky, the stars, and the constellations whose name translates as "Lord of the Heavens". Bedouin tribes would bring their animals to the shrine of Dhu’l-Samawi when they were injured and they also sent sick people to reside at his shrine in order to receive healing.

Shangilā - north Arabian god of stars

Ash-Shi'rā - goddess of the Sirius star; believed to bestow wealth and good fortune

Ath-Thurayya - goddess of the Pleiades star cluster 

As-Simāk ('The Uplifted One') is a west Arabian star god who was the deification of the star Arcturus in the constellation of Bootes and was worshiped to bring riches, renown and honor. The symbol of the god was the lance (ar-rimah) and was also named as Haris as-Samā', 'the Guardian of Heaven'.

Al-Dabaran (''The Follower'') - god of the star Aldebaran

Underworld Deities: 

Mawt - god of death and sterility; the Arabian counterpart of the Canaanite god Mot; sacred animals of Mawt are owls. After a person died, their soul (nafs) was believed to descend to the land of Mawt, the akhirah; where they lead a calm, yet gloomy, existence as spirits (arwah) and as shades (ashbah). The Arabs believed the Underworld to be neither a place of reward nor punishment, but simply as a state of existence without pain or pleasure that most people would lead as a shabah or shade. But the spirits of priests and powerful and honoured people were believed to ascend to a heavenly otherworld (al-Munqalab) or the sky (as-Sama') itself, where they would enjoy the company of the gods and angels (mala'ikah) and would have power over human affairs in the Dunyā (the material world).

Hawkam - god of justice and the Judge of the Dead 

Ba'alat-Sahra - a north Arabian goddess of the Underworld and the desert; she was an important goddess of the nomadic Semites; known to the Amorite tribe of southern Syria as Belet-Seri, the wife of their chief god Amurru.

Qaysha - south Arabian funerary goddess

Hawran - underworld god who presided over the spirits of disease which he could protect from or send at will as punishment; protected people from the venom of snakes. 

Al-Muharriq - underworld god who was represented as a fierce deity at a red shrine and whose sacred animal was an adult male lion (usamah). Al-Muharriq, like his Babylonian counterpart Nergal, had a wrathful disposition; he was believed to send diseases and plagues if he was angry with the population. The name of the god means ''the Burner'' as he represented the scorching heat of the desert, as well as the heat of disease and fire.

Not by any means a complete listing, as there are countless gods in Hinduism. But the following are many of the most significant:

Primordial gods:

Brahman - the divine masculine consciousness (not to be confused with Brahma). Moksha (Enlightenment) is the realization of Brahman, an instantaneous awareness of the fundamental oneness of the universe.

Adi Parashakti -  the divine feminine energy of creative power; the “Cosmic Womb”. Manifests as the Mother-goddess, Parvati.

The Trimurti:

Brahma - the creator god

Vishnu - god of preservation and protection of all that is good. He embodies righteousness, compassion, and virtue. Whenever protection is needed upon Earth, he incarnates (there are around 24 Avatars of Vishnu). Seen as the Supreme God in the Vaishnaivism sect.

Shiva - god of destruction, asceticism, yoga, meditation, Enlightenment, and the Cosmic Dance. Commonly said to be the Supreme God as he is believed to embody Brahman, and is the husband of Shakti/Parvati. It is Shiva who has power over time and transformation, allowing the rebirth of Creation to occur. He is the very embodiment of purity, goodness, wisdom, and beauty. In Hinduism, yoga is meditation, pranayama, and various ascetic practices performed in order to achieve Enlightenment. 

The Tridevi:

Parvati - mother-goddess of love, fertility, devotion, marital happiness, family, beauty, abundance, nourishment, determination, and power. She is Shakti Herself and manifests as many other goddesses. The Ultimate Goddess, Mother of the Universe; wife of Lord Shiva.

Lakshmi - goddess of abundance, material wealth, good fortune, luxury, fertility, success, generosity, happiness, grace, charm, and splendour. Wife of Lord Vishnu. She has eight forms representing the eight types of wealth, called Ashtalakshmi. 

Saraswati - goddess of knowledge, wisdom, inspiration, clarity, logic, speech, music, art, and writing. Originally a river goddess. Wife of Lord Brahma.

Various Important Deities:

Indra - Lord of the Heavens. God of the sky, weather, storms, thunder, and war.

Varuna -  god of the oceans, water, aquatic animals, justice, and truth. He is the upholder of law and order in this world. He has a thousand eyes and oversees the whole world.

Agni - god of fire, heat, electricity, and the hearth; master of sacrificial offerings. No sacrifice is complete without his presence. His presence makes the sacrifice successful because he sends those sacrifices to the gods. He is the messenger as well as the priest of gods. He is kind and giving and loved by many. He is depicted as having 2 heads, 6 eyes, 7 hands, 3 legs, and 4 horns. 

Rudra - god of storms, lightning, and wind. Known as “The Howler” and is a fierce form of Shiva. Can both give and heal diseases.

Nataraja - Shiva’s form as the Lord of the Cosmic Dance. He is the Creator, Preserver, and Destroyer. 

Bhairava - Shiva’s terrifying form as the destroyer of evil

Virabhadra - Shiva’s wrathful form of destruction

Ardhanarishvara - the united form of Shiva and Parvati - the inseparable divine couple who symbolize the act of Creation.

Hanuman - monkey-god of strength, knowledge, and victory 

Yama - god of the Dead and justice

Ganesha (Ganapati) - god of beginnings, the arts, science, intellect, and wisdom; the remover of obstacles. Son of Shiva and Parvati.

Kartikeya (Skanda/Murugan) - god of war and victory; an embodiment of perfection; son of Shiva and Parvati.

Ashokasundari - goddess of beauty and luxury. Daughter of Shiva and Parvati.

Mitra - god of the Sun, friendship, energy, integrity, and harmony.

Rama - god of reason, right action, and virtue; Avatar of Vishnu

Krishna - god of love, compassion, tenderness, and wisdom; Avatar of Vishnu

Narasimha - lion-god of courage and victory over evil; Avatar of Vishnu

Surya - god of the Sun, light, and power

Chandra - god of the Moon

Some notable forms of Shakti/Parvati:

Durga - warrior goddess of power, strength, courage, justice, determination, and protection. She is the form created by the powers of the gods combined- awakening as Shakti Herself. Durga rides upon a lion and has 8-10 arms, all of which hold divine weapons.

Kali - goddess of time, transformation, destruction, rebirth, ego death, and enlightenment. She is equally terrifying as she is beautiful, and she is the nourisher of her children. Thus, she is always portrayed as young and healthy. Mother Kali is terrifying because she represents what we must face in ourselves before we are liberated from our Egos, but she is wholly benevolent and loving. It is ignorance and evil  that she hates and annihilates. Kali Ma is said to be the Ultimate Reality.

Lalita (Tripura Sundari) - the beautiful and sweet goddess of creation, love, beauty, compassion, wisdom, and sensuality. She is the Beauty of the Three Worlds and is the loving defender of her children, her devotees. 

Chinnamasta - the goddess of transformation and sacrifice. Form that Parvati took after cutting off her own head in order to feed her followers her own blood. She represents paradoxes, being death/pleasure, nourishment/sacrifice, sex/self-control, beauty/macabre. 

Tara - the more serene form of Kali, goddess of hunger who is known as “the star”. 

Chandraghanta - Parvati as the compassionate and gentle protectress who embodies serenity, forgiveness, peace, grace, prosperity, courage, and strength. This form was utilized by Parvati when she went to meet with Shiva in one of his terrifying forms.

Kalaratri - a goddess similar to Kali, but is a different form of Parvati. She specifically represents the Night of Destruction. Kalaratri is seen carrying a sword and riding upon a donkey.

Brahmacharini - Parvati as the ascetic goddess who did severe penance in order to coax Shiva from his meditation so she could marry him. She performed severe austerity and due to this, She is called Brahmacharini.

Chamunda - goddess of war, disease, death, famines, and destruction. A skeletal goddess who is similar to Kali, but unlike the Mother, Chamunda is frail and unnurturing. She was originally known as a “Kali” due to her dark complexion, but earned her name Chamunda after killing the asuras named Chanda and Munda.   

Bagalamukhi - goddess of strength, control, violence, victory, and protection; destroyer of lies and gossip.

Dhumavati - goddess of poverty, misfortune, strife, loss, loneliness, ugliness, despair, and widows

Bhairavi - goddess of death

Bhuvaneshvari - goddess of all the worlds and the Universe, worldly pleasures, preseration, and knowledge.

Matangi - goddess of pollution, impurity, the arts, and knowledge

Kushmanda - goddess of light, good health, and the “Cosmic Egg”

Bhramari - goddess of bees, wasps, and hornets

Annapurna - Parvati as the goddess of food and nourishment

Additional gods:

Vayu - god of beauty and intelligence

Savitr - god of the “hidden Sun”- the Sun before dawn and after dusk.

Pushan - god of paths, cattle, meetings, marriages, and journeys; Psychopomp for the dead

Usha - goddess of the dawn

Soma - god of inspiration

Ashvins - twin deities of medicine who have healing powers.

Kama - god of love, lust, and desire. Husband of Rati.

Rati - goddess of love, sex, carnal desire, and sexual pleasure

Indrani (Shachi) - goddess of beauty, jealousy, and rage; wife of Indra.

Aditi - goddess of the infinite, the sky, consciousness, the past/present/future, and fertility 

Shukra - god of Venus, love, attachment, the arts, and pleasure

Balarama - god of agriculture and strength

Jagannath - ecstatic and most merciful form of Krishna

Shashthi - goddess of vegetation, reproduction, and fertility; protectress of children.

Kubera - god of the earth, mountains, minerals, jewels, and wealth; king of the yakshas (nature spirits).

Brihaspati - god of wisdom, hymns, rites, charms, and Jupiter; teacher and sage of the gods.

Kaushiki - goddess of revenge and victory

Akilandeswari - goddess of brokenness, change, evolving identities, and of letting go

Ratri - goddess of night

Chhaya - goddess of shadows

Saranyu - goddess of clouds and dusk

Yamuna - goddess of life

Dhamini - goddess of art and dance

Shani - god of justice, discipline, punishment, and Saturn 

Varahi - boar-goddess of war

Gayatri - goddess of the Gayatri Mantra

Daksha - god of kings

Shitala - goddess of sores, ghouls, pustules, and diseases

Ganga - goddess of the Ganga River and of purity

Mangala - god of war, celibacy, and Mars