Yellow-necked caterpillars (Datana ministra), Newark DE. July 2018.
Another gregarious feeder, yellow-necked caterpillars often emerge in summer in orchards, forest edges, and backyards where their host plants (apple, birch, oak, and willow) are present. At young instars (molts), they skeletonize leaves, with the leaf veins being the only parts that remain. As the caterpillars mature, they consume every part of the leaf, down to the stem, often leaving bare branches in the end. However, the trees do recover, and by August, the oak trees had young, tender leaves growing from where the yellow-necked caterpillars once fed.
Two generations in the Northeast, adults in June, caterpillars late June onward into September, and caterpillars overwintering as pupae.