Mangrove forests are among the most productive coastal ecosystems, yet they remain highly vulnerable to anthropogenic pressures. In the Philippines, these habitats provide essential services ranging from coastal protection and carbon storage to fisheries support. Despite their importance, the extent of mangrove degradation and the factors contributing to it remain poorly documented. This study examined the status, threats, and existing management initiatives of mangrove forests in the three barangays of Malamawi Island, Basilan Province, Philippines. Fieldwork was conducted from July to August 2024 and involved direct observation, a transect-walk survey for coastal threats, photo documentation, and key informant interviews (n=15). Five major threats were recorded, with infrastructure development being the most prominent, followed by household garbage accumulation, mangrove cutting for charcoal and firewood, and the presence of abandoned fishponds. The local government and community had established mangrove nurseries and conducted tree-planting activities, reflecting their awareness of mangrovesтАЩ roles in coastal protection, livelihood support, erosion control, and biodiversity conservation. Awareness of permit requirements and anti-illegal-cutting ordinances indicates that these regulations are visible and generally enforced. However, the effectiveness of reforestation and cutting policies remains limited by inadequate manpower and monitoring. Thus, this study provides a baseline that can inform stronger governance and a more integrated, community-centered management to support the long-term sustainability of the mangrove forests in the island. This thrust supports the global sustainable development goals 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) and 15 (Life on Land).
