Transcatheter Aortic ValveImplantation or Replacement.

The transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is an established treatment for patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) at prohibitive risk for surgery. It is an alternative treatment to surgicalaortic valve replacement in patients with AS at intermediate- and high-surgical risk. Although regulatory authorities extend the indications of TAVR to treat patients at low-surgical…

Nursing Interventions In Insertion of Vena Cava Filters In ICU Bed Side And Cath Lab.

The development of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonaryembolism (PE) remains a daily concern for physicians who care forcritically ill patients. Diagnosing PE is challenging in the intensive careunit (ICU) because signs and symptoms are nonspecific. In greater thantwo-thirds of patients, acute PE occurs prior to the diagnosis of DVT. Subsequently, much emphasis on this disease process…

Nursing Interventions In Permanent Pacemaker Implantation.

A pacemaker is an electronic device that provides electrical stimuli to the heart muscle. Pacemakers are usually used when a patient has a permanent or temporary slower-than-normal impulse formation, or a symptomatic AV or ventricular conduction disturbance. They may also be used to control some tachydysrhythmias that do not respond to medication. Biventricular (both ventricles) pacing, also…

Implantation Indications ICDs are intended to provide ventricular anti-tachycardia pacing and ventricular de fibrillation shocks for automated treatment of life threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Indications for ICD implants are based on results of large randomized clinical trials, which approved the effectiveness of this therapy for the secondary as well as the primary prevention of SCD. An…

Percutaneous Transvenous Mitral Commissurotomy (PTMC)

MITRAL STENOSIS It is the stenosis of the mitral valve. Stenotic valve is typically fish mouth or button hole with calcium deposit which causes the valve adherent and rigid that they cannot open or shut. The predominant cause is rheumatic fever. Percutaneous transseptal mitral valvotomy (PTMV) It is an important therapeutic tool in the treatment of rheumatic mitral stenosis. It was first…

Nursing Interventions In DC Cardioversion.

Arrhythmias are common in post-operative and critically ill patients. The urgency of treatment will be dictated by the patient’s vital signs and underlying pathology. Salient details about the patient’s cardiac anatomy, hemodynamic stability, coagulation status, current medication as well as airway and ventilation status will need to be reviewed prior to the cardioversion. Correcting any…

Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is a relatively common defect that accounts for 5-8% of all congenital heart defects. Coarctation of the aorta may occur as an isolated defect or in association with various other lesions, most commonly bicuspid aortic valve and ventricular septal defect (VSD). The diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta may be missed unless an index of suspicion is maintained, and…

Pulmonary Valve Stenosis Percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvulotomy (BPV) is preferred in moderate (gradient 40 to 60 mmHg) to severe (greater than 60 mmHg) pulmonary stenosis and it is the first-line treatment of typical dome-shaped valvular pulmonary stenosis in severe stenosis (gradient greater than 60 mmHg). BPV is also the preferred treatment in neonates with critical pulmonary…