Philadelphia May 17th 1780
Dear Sir,
I embrace the earliest & best opportunity of acknowledging the receipt of yours, dated, Wilmington 21st April, & need not, I trust, express how much I join with you in anxious expectation of hearing the fate of our Capital, & the brave men within it. I am, however, not without my hopes, & am convinced, that if Sir Henry has not succeeded before this time, he never will. The Garrison & inhabitants of New York have been thrown into the greatest confusion by news received from Europe, repeated councils of war have been held, repeated expresses sent off to Clinton, & the citizens, as well as the military, are called out to fatigue duty; they are erecting works between the two rivers, and a battery at the lookout on Staten Island, whilst a number of vessels have been prepared, & are ready to be sunk, with a view of obstructing the entrance of the harbor. These facts, joined to the information we have received from Europe, lend us to expect the appearance of a friendly force. I thought it of the greatest consequence that our friends in Carolina should be immediately made acquainted with our expectations in this matter, as it may be attended with no small influence upon their councils. As my Colleague Matthews is on a committee at Camp, I am deprived of his advice with respect to that part of your letter, which hints the expediency of transmitting to Mr. Adams, a similar commission, to that which you now hold, but have thought it best upon reflection not to say mention any thing about the matter, answering in general terms to all enquiries, that you were at Wilmington, & waiting for a safe opportunity to embark. Should we be so unfortunate as to lose Charles Town, it will not then be too late to transmit a commission to Mr. Adams, but should our enemies be disappointed, you will in that case, I flatter myself, my dear Sir, be prevailed upon to make the attempt, & may do it with a far greater prospect of success, if not embarrassed with the interference of another Person._ We have had quires of paper from our Ministers abroad, but they contain little else but extracts from French & English Newspapers, except on one head which I have alluded to in the other page of this letter, & which prudence forbids my discussing on paper._ Should any thing material take place, I should esteem it a particular favor to hear from you, & will endeavor to deserve it, by giving every degree of information from this quarter.
I am, dear Sir,
With the greatest respect & esteem,
Your most obdnt & hum. Servant,
F. Kinloch.
The Marquis de la Fayette is arrived, & has, I believe, some information to communicate.
Governor Morris had the misfortune, to be thrown out of his Phaeton the other day, & has lost his leg by amputation.
I enclose the last Newspapers, which I beg you would be so kind as to forward to the Governor.
Francis Kinloch to Henry Laurens, in a letter dated May 17, 1780. Transcribed from the copy held at the Huntington Library.
This is a fairly short letter, but there's so much going on!
Francis and Henry directly interacted several times throughout their lives, but this may be the only surviving letter between the two.
"acknowledging the receipt of yours, dated, Wilmington 21st April" - Letter not found. Henry Laurens was in Wilmington, NC at this time and was looking to secure passage to the Netherlands.
"I join with you in anxious expectation of hearing the fate of our Capital, & the brave men within it. I am, however, not without my hopes, & am convinced, that if Sir Henry has not succeeded before this time, he never will." - Kinloch was referring to Sir Henry Clinton's siege on Charleston, SC, which lasted for three months. Despite Kinloch's optimism, General Benjamin Lincoln had already surrendered to the British on May 12, 1780. Kinloch was serving on the Continental Congress in Philadelphia at the time, so the news had not yet reached him.
"These facts, joined to the information we have received from Europe, lend us to expect the appearance of a friendly force." - This and other references to news from Europe are likely a reference to reinforcements arriving from France. The comte de Rochambeau and 5,500 men set sail for America in May 1780.
"which hints the expediency of transmitting to Mr. Adams, a similar commission, to that which you now hold" - In the fall of 1779, Congress had named Henry Laurens as minister to the Netherlands in hopes of securing a treaty and a loan with the country. Henry would never make it to the Netherlands - his ship was intercepted by a British frigate, and he was imprisoned in the Tower of London. John Adams later served as envoy to the Netherlands during 1780-1782.
"The Marquis de la Fayette is arrived, & has, I believe, some information to communicate." - A Lafayette mention! Lafayette had recently traveled to France to secure additional aid for the American cause, and he recently returned to America with news of the impending support.
"Governor Morris had the misfortune, to be thrown out of his Phaeton the other day, & has lost his leg by amputation." - An iconic story. I did not have "Francis Kinloch writes to Henry Laurens about Gouverneur Morris's amputated leg" on my 1780 bingo card, yet here we are.