#bcop100

Alexander Gardner Home of a Rebel Sharpshooter, Gettysburg fromGardner's Photographic Sketchbook of the War, (1865) (Online) MoMA

https://www.moma.org/learn/moma_learning/alexander-gardner-home-of-a-rebel-sharpshooter-gettysburg-from-gardners-photographic-sketchbook-of-the-war-1865/

Accessed on 01/03/19

Alex Q.Arbuckle The hidden lifestory of the iconic ‘Migrant Mother’ (Online) Mashable

https://mashable.com/2016/06/12/migrant-mother/?europe=true

Accessed on 23/02/19

Alina Cohen Tracey Emin’s “My Bed” Ignored Society’s Expectations of Women (Online) Artsy

https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-tracey-emins-my-bed-ignored-societys-expectations-women

Accessed on 19/11/18

Angela Kelly Sundays at sea (online) Angela Kelly

http://www.angelakellyphoto.com/sundays-at-sea/

Accessed on 24/11/18

Angela Kelly Angela Kelly (Online) Photoparley

https://photoparley.wordpress.com/category/angela-kelly

Accessed on 24/11/18

Anon Lacock Abbey, Fox Talbot Museum and Village (online) National Trust

https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/lacock-abbey-fox-talbot-museum-and-village

Accessed on 29/11/18

Anon ‘First Women UK’, a photographic exhibition by Anita Corbin (online) National Trust

https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/lacock-abbey-fox-talbot-museum-and-village/features/first-women-uk-a-photographic-exhibition-of-pioneering-women-by-anita-corbin

Accessed on 29/11/18

Anon History William Henry Fox Talbot (1800 - 1877) (Online) BBC

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/fox_talbot_william_henry.shtml

Accessed on 29/11/18

Anon [The Oriel Window, South Gallery, Lacock Abbey] (Online) The Met

https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1997.382.1/

Accessed on 29/11/18

Anon Documentary photography- Art term (Online) Tate

https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/d/documentary-photography

Accessed on 01/03/19

Anon Harry Beck's Tube map (Online) Transport for London

https://tfl.gov.uk/corporate/about-tfl/culture-and-heritage/art-and-design/harry-becks-tube-map

Accessed on 29/03/19

Anon gender-fluid (Online) Dictionary

https://www.dictionary.com/browse/gender-fluid

Accessed on 31/03/19

Anon Cultural appropriation (Online) Dictionary

https://www.dictionary.com/browse/cultural-appropriation?s=t

Accessed on 31/03/19

Anon PRESS RELEASE: The sexist messages of TV toy advertising (Online) Let toys be toys

http://lettoysbetoys.org.uk/tvtoyads/

Accessed on 31/03/19

Ben Phelan The Story of the "Migrant Mother" (Online) Antiques Roadshow

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/roadshow/stories/articles/2014/4/14/migrant-mother-dorothea-lange/

Accessed on 01/03/19

Don McCullin Shell-shocked US marine (Online) National Galleries Scotland

https://www.nationalgalleries.org/art-and-artists/130204/shell-shocked-us-marine-battle-hue

Accessed on 03/03/19

Don McCullin Don McCullin (Online) National Galleries Scotland

https://www.nationalgalleries.org/art-and-artists/artists/don-mccullin

Accessed on 03/03/19

Doris Salcedo Doris Salcedo (Online) Tate

https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/doris-salcedo-2695

Accessed on 21/11/18

Doris Salcedo  Doris Salcedo (Online) White cube

https://whitecube.com/artists/artist/doris_salcedo

Accessed on 21/11/18

Dorothea Lange Migrant Mother, Nipomo, California (Online) MoMA

https://www.moma.org/learn/moma_learning/dorothea-lange-migrant-mother-nipomo-california-1936/

Accessed on 01/03/19

Edward Ruscha 'Twentysix Gasoline Stations' 1963 (Online) Art gallery NSW

https://www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au/collection/works/427.2008.a-vv/

Accessed on 19/10/18

Edward Ruscha 'Twentysix Gasoline Stations' 1963 (online) Tate

https://www.tate.org.uk/about-us/projects/transforming-artist-books/summaries/edward-ruscha-twentysix-gasoline-stations-1963

Accessed on 19/10/18

Edward Said Orientalism: a Brief Definition (Online)

http://www.postcolonialweb.org/poldiscourse/pol11.html

Accessed on 29/03/19

Emily Gosling  Zsofia Schweger uses art to explore ideas of identity and belonging (Online) Creative Boom

https://www.creativeboom.com/inspiration/zsofia-/

Accessed on 16/10/18

Frida Kahlo Self-Portrait with Cropped Hair 1940 (Online) MoMA

https://www.moma.org/collection/works/78333?artist_id=2963&locale=en&page=1&sov_referrer=artist

Accessed on 31/03/19

Grayson Perry Grayson Perry, The Vanity of Small Differences (Online) Arts council collection

http://www.artscouncilcollection.org.uk/exhibition/grayson-perry-vanity-small-differences

Accessed on 12/11/18

Henri Cartier-Bresson Henri Cartier-Bresson (Online) Magnum photos

https://www.magnumphotos.com/photographer/henri-cartier-bresson/

Accessed on 01/03/19

Henri Cartier-Bresson Henri Cartier-Bresson French Photographer and Filmmaker (Online) The art story

https://www.theartstory.org/artist-cartier-bresson-henri.htm

Accessed on 01/03/19

Inge Jacobsen ‘Consumed’ (Online) Inge Jacobsen

http://www.ingejacobsen.com/work/#/consumed/

Accessed on 27/11/18

Joe Rosenthal Joe Rosenthal and the flag-raising on Iwo Jima (online) The Pulitzer Prize

https://www.pulitzer.org/article/joe-rosenthal-and-flag-raising-iwo-jima

Accessed on 03/03/19

Kim Dorland I’m an adult now (Online) Kim dorland

http://www.kdorland.com/im-an-adult-now/

Accessed on 21/11/18

Marcus Cho Ron English Reimagines Pablo Picasso’s ‘Guernica’ Painting for Latest Solo Show (Online)Highsnobiety

https://www.highsnobiety.com/2016/09/20/ron-english-guernica-allouche-gallery/

Accessed on 27/11/18

Miyako Ishiuchi Miyako Ishiuchi (Online) SepiaEYE

https://www.sepiaeye.com/miyako-ishiuchi/

Accessed on 24/11/18

Miyako Ishiuchi Mother’s (Online) josef chladek on photo books and books

https://josefchladek.com/book/miyako_ishiuchi_-_mothers

Accessed on 24/11/18

Nicole Rollender Embroidery Artist Q&A: Inge Jacobsen (Online)

https://www.asicentral.com/news/web-exclusive/april-2016/embroidery-artist-qa-inge-jacobsen/

Accessed on 27/11/18

Rachel Whiteread Rachel Whiteread biography (Online) Tate

https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-modern/exhibitionseries/unilever-series/unilever-series-rachel-whiteread-embankment-1

Accessed on 07/11/18

Rachel Whiteread Place (Village), Rachel Whiteread (Online) V&A

https://www.vam.ac.uk/moc/exhibitions/placevillage/

Accessed on 07/11/18

Rafael Lozano-Hemmer Please Empty Your Pockets (Online) Rafael Lozano-Hemmer

http://www.lozano-hemmer.com/please_empty_your_pockets.php

Accessed on 21/11/18

Richard Long A Hundred Mile Walk 1971–2 (Online) Tate

https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/long-a-hundred-mile-walk-t01720

Accessed on 16/10/18

Richard Rhodes Kim Dorland (Online) Canadian Art

https://canadianart.ca/reviews/kim-dorland/

Accessed on 21/11/18

Salvador Dali Salvador Dalí The Persistence of Memory 1931 (Online) MoMA

https://www.moma.org/collection/works/79018

Accessed on 12/11/18

Sian Bonnell Sian Bonnell (Online)

http://www.sianbonnell.com/#

Accessed on 31/03/19

Tracey Emin ‘My bed’, Tracey Emin, 1998 (Online) Tate

https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/emin-my-bed-l03662

Accessed on 19/11/18

Steve Biodrowski More (Online) Happy Product, Inc

https://www.happyproduct.com/more/

“The history of narrative begins with the history of (hu)mankind; there does not exist, and never has existed, a people without narratives.” (Barthes 1966:14)

What is a narrative?

Anything that tells or presents a story, be it by text, picture, performance, or a combination of these. Hence novels, plays, films, photographs, comic strips, adverts, etc., are narratives.

A narrative environment is a space, whether physical or virtual.

A virtual narrative environment might be the narrative framework in which game play can proceed.

A physical narrative environment might be an exhibition area within a museum, or a foyer of a retail space, or the public spaces around a building.

Narratives are... “Able to be carried by articulated language, spoken or written, fixed or moving images, gestures, and the ordered mixture of all these substances; narrative is present in myth, legend, fable, tale, novella, epic, history, tragedy, drama, comedy, mime, painting,...cinema, comics, news items, conversation...Caring nothing for the division between good and bad literature, narrative is international, transhistorical, and transcultural: it is simply there, like life itself.” (Barthes, 1977, p79)

On November 23, 1936, the first issue of the pictorial magazine Life is published, featuring a cover photo of the Fort Peck Dam by Margaret Bourke-White. Life was an overwhelming success in its first year of publication an at its peak, Life had a circulation of over 8 million.

In December 1951, LIFE published one of the most extraordinary photo essays ever to appear in the magazine. It featured more than 20 of  W. Eugene Smiths’ pictures, the story of a tireless South Carolina nurse and midwife named Maude Callen opened a window on a world that, surely, countless LIFE readers had never seen — and, perhaps, had never even imagined.

Typical narrative structure:

Bess Bieluczyk, Subtle Hysteria:

“I have created a character and environment based on stories and my own imaginings of the life of an unhappy housewife. I investigate her psychological terrain through domestic still lifes with a taste of hostility. Her quiet desperation and frustrations manifest themselves in strange displays within the confines her home. I find the evidence of her outlets in her minute obsessions, her petty violence and the aftermath of her little explosions. The home and objects that surround her are beautiful but used, worn and past their prime. I focus on a woman’s solitary rebellion against the restrictions of her domestic life.”

With materiality is the quality of what matters and whether or not we agree with the quote: "change the material and everything changes with it". For me personally it would change if you were changing the material as the object/thing wouldn't be as practical as what it was before. For example, if a tissue was no longer using soft material, it wouldn't be practical to use as much, like cleaning water that's been spilled over.  

"Time is one of the fundamental dimensions of reality" as said by Eva Hoffman as with time we always run out of it but we always need more of it.

With time, you can tell a story with social reaslim and an example of this would be Shane Meadow's 2006 film 'This Is England" which is set in 1983 as it illustrates how their subculture, especially white nationalists and white supremacists, which led to divisions within the skinhead scene.

A case study of a piece of artwork that includes the story of time is Tracey Ermin's My Bed from 1999 which included a bed that told a story by also using place - which connected back to when we learned about sense of places. This was inspired by Erwin's "sexual yet depressive phase" where she remained in her bed for days without eating or drinking expect for alcohol. This shows how much little time you can have yet still tell a massive story.

With places, you have different type of sense such as: neolithic (referring to the period of British, Irish and Manx history that spanned from circa 4000 to circa 2,500 BCE), renaissance (the influence of the European art between 14th - 16th century), industrial revolution (involving the manufacturing and transportation of products), information age (also known as the 21st century) and anthropocene (which is the human era now).

With senses of places, there are different meaning behind them. One example being 'to be orientated' which is like the underground tube maps. Another example having 'tactic knowledge' which means a place cannot be written down or verbalised, like an aesthetic, as you can teach aesthetics and it can also be changed multiple times. Another example is 'Genius Loci' which means the soul of a place.

A case study with creating a place is Rachel Whiteread's 'House' (1993) which shows that you can create a place anywhere and it can still have meaning behind it. Whiteread went on to say " Place is basically a selection of doll’s houses that have been very carefully stage lit from the inside. They are all second-hand objects, which I started collecting about 20 years ago... People may take these things as being rather sentimental – personally I see them as containing a great deal of pathos, as extremely sad, interesting and sympathetic objects. Some of them are really bashed up. They’re made by dads, uncles, grannies, and grandpas – whoever wanted to get involved in making them – in the garden shed."

With places as well, you can create ownership which can be done with graffiti, like for example Southbank in London which was once a skatepark years ago but now it has become filled with graffiti work which now can be owned by the people who left their mark there. Another example would be artists creating art onto things in a certain place, an example from where I live, someone drew little pictures onto trees around a dog park/forest and made a challenge from it so the public could join in.

There is a difference with seeing and looking which not many people will realise. This being with seeing, it's something we do arbitrarily as people can ask us "did you see that?" whereas looking is an activity that involves a greater purpose as we choose to look or not look at something and additionally, you can have the power to make a person look at something.

With semiotics, there are different type of signs as well. You have an icon that resembles it's referent and you also have an index that associates with it's reference (for example, smoke can mean fire).

A case study of this can be 'Little Red Hiding Hood'. The original story of 'Little Red Hiding Hood' was created by Charles Perrault, a French author of many famous folk tales such as 'Cinderella' and 'Sleeping Beauty', in 1697. Throughout the years, the story has changed with the storyline, however some signs within the story never changed. For example, the colour red connotes blood, love and danger and with the red cape added onto to that, it shows that the family is wealthy.

Semiotics connects back with identity with our belongings. With this, we start with looking at maps as maps tell us a narrative and an analog. A map is also a symbolic representations of our characteristics of a place. You can walk into a place and you can gain so much information with a short amount of time.

For example, if you walked into my bedroom, you would be able to gain all the information with all my interests as I want my bedroom to feel more me. I have posters of my favourite music artists, films and tv series, I have figures of my favourite characters, pictures of friends and places and concert tickets and many other things. On the other hand, you can go to a historical place and see all the history within the place by seeing the architecture and even the people there.