Aquasky - Revolution

Rapid on-off cycling is not good for electric motors. It uses a lot of electricity and causes large fluctuations in the pressure which can be annoying. Cycling is even more important when the pump is a submersible bore pump as these are recommended to only start 100 times in a 24-hour period. If it is not controlled, permanent damage can be done to the motor. Storagniing a good amount of water for short usage in a pressure tank is the key to increase the water pump’s lifespan and save electricity. 

Pressure tanks can be installed anywhere on the delivery of pressurized side of a system. All pressure pump systems need a check valve installed in the pipework after the pump on the outlet. The check valve stops water from flowing backward and the pressure dropping when the pumps turn off. This allows a pressure pump to build up pressure and let the automatic switch turn it off. A pressure tank can be installed anywhere after this check valve. This means that when all the taps in the system are shut, then the pressure in the system builds. When the water pressure in the system builds to beyond the air pressure sores in the tank, then the air starts to compress and the water fills up the water room of the tank. Once the water room of the tank has compressed the air as much as it can, then the pressure builds a little bit more and then switches off.

Pressure tanks are a simple and effective piece of gear that will help protect your pump and provide you with good constant pressure and flow of water for whatever application you need.

INTRODUCTION TO LIQUID - COLD SYSTEM EXPANSION TANK (LQCOL PLUS) | AQUASKY

Keywords: data center cooling, AI server cooling, computer server cooling, liquid cooling 

In the ever-evolving world of data center technology, efficient cooling systems have become critical rather than optional. With the shift toward advanced cooling methods like liquid and immersion cooling, the demand for reliable components to manage thermal dynamics and system pressure is greater than ever.

Aquasky has developed the LQCOL PLUS expansion tank series, specially designed for liquid cooling systems in high-performance computing environments to meet these needs. It addresses the challenges of fluctuating liquid volumes caused by heat transfer, ensuring system stability and optimal cooling performance for data center operations. In this article, we explore how the LQCOL Plus revolutionizes cooling efficiency and system reliability in today’s high-demand environments.

1. DESIGN AND FEATURES OF THE LQCOL PLUS EXPANSION TANK

* Material and Construction:

The LQCOL Plus Expansion Tank series offers durability and versatility. It is available in two construction options:

Cold-rolled carbon steel shell: Designed to handle high pressures and immersion cooling environments. This tank type is coated with a triple-grade paint system for additional protection, with a standard light gray finish. Custom colors are available upon request to meet specific customer needs.

Stainless steel shell: Ideal for applications demanding greater corrosion resistance and longevity. Although higher in cost, this version offers superior durability and wear resistance.

* Internal Structure:

The tank's interior is divided into two primary chambers by a durable EPDM heat-resistant rubber diaphragm:

Water Chamber: Lined with a corrosion-resistant polypropylene (PP) liner to prevents direct contact between cooling liquid and the tank shell. The EPDM rubber diaphragm can withstand temperatures of up to 120°C, dynamically adjusting to liquid volume changes to maintain consistent pressure and prevent water logging. A straight stainless steel threaded outlet ensures easy and secure connection to water systems.

Air Chamber: Pre-charged with nitrogen for improved stability and minimized maintenance needs. Included with an air valve for precise pressure adjustments, ensuring optimal performance.

Picture 1: Cross-sectional view of internal structure and key features of Aquasky LQCOL Plus expansion tank

2. LQCOL PLUS PRESSURE TANK MODELS BY AQUASKY

Aquasky offers a range of LQCOL-Plus model to meet diverse needs:

Picture 2: The model of LQCOL Plus series expansion tanks from Aquasky

LQCOL Plus In-Line Models:

Sizes available: 3, 8, 12, 18, 24 liters.

Connection type: 3/4” G/NPT/BSP for compatibility with various systems.

LQCOL Plus Stainless Steel In-Line Models:

Sizes available: 8, 18 liters.

Connection type: Durable 3/4” G/NPT/BSPT connections, making them ideal for environments requiring enhanced corrosion resistance and visual appeal.

These models are engineered to handle a wide range of applications, ensuring reliability, stability, and compatibility with advanced cooling systems.

Tank Sizing and Selection

To select the most suitable LQCOL Plus expansion tank for your cooling system, Aquasky recommend using our Size Selection Tool. This tool simplifies the process by helping you calculate the optimal tank size based on your system's specific requirements, such as:

System pressure range

Cooling liquid volume

Maximum operating temperature

Number of safety relief valves

By inputting these parameters, the tool ensures accurate sizing, preventing underperformance or over-sizing, both of which can impact system efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Visit Aquasky's website to access the tool and determine the best-fit expansion tank for your cooling system needs or consult our technical team for personalized assistance.

3. HOW LQCOL PLUS OPERATES INSIDE A SYSTEM

The LQCOL Plus expansion tank plays a crucial role in managing fluid dynamics in data center immersion cooling systems. Here's a how it works:

During operation, as servers generate heat, the cooling liquid absorbs this energy and expands. The LQCOL Plus expansion tank provides additional space for this increased liquid volume, preventing excessive pressure buildup in the closed-loop system. When the expanding liquid enters the tank, it pushes against a flexible diaphragm. This action compresses the air in the tank’s upper chamber, increasing its pressure inside the tank to maintain system balance and stability.

When the system cools down, the liquid contracts. The compressed air in the tank pushes the diaphragm back, returning the stored liquid into the system. This dynamic response ensures continuous circulation, prevents vacuum conditions that could disrupt operations.

Picture 3: Diagram illustrating the operation of a LQCOL Plus expansion tank

4. LOCATION OF KEY COMPONENT IN THE SYSTEM

To ensure optimal performance and safety, the entire system must be installed indoors in a waterproof area. This prevents damage from leaks or unexpected water discharge. Ideally, the location should have drainage access within a 3-meter distance to avoid water accumulation and minimize the risk of damage to surrounding areas, lower floors, or appliances. The selected area should also allow easy access to all components for servicing and maintenance.

LQCOL PLUS expansion tank should be installed on the incoming cold water line to the heat source, positioned after the backflow preventer/check valve and before the heat source. This placement allows the tank to absorb pressure fluctuations caused by water expansion during heating, ensuring stable system performance. To prevent leaks, apply proper thread sealant during installation, and ensure the piping is pitched upward and away from the tank to eliminate air traps.

The system should include essential safety and flow regulation devices for proper functionality and compliance with safety standards:

A check valve or backflow preventer must be installed at the system's inlet to prevent reverse water flow and protect the main water supply. It ensures the pump can builds up sufficient pressure to activate the automatic switch, preventing water from flowing backward when the pump is off.

A pressure relief valve is required to be installed on the hot water outlet line to release excess pressure, protecting the system and compliance with local code requirements.

Drain valves should be placed on both cold water line (before the expansion tank) and hot water lines (after the relief vavle) to facilitate maintenance or emergency drainage.

Flow meter should also be used to monitor the flow rate of water entering the system, ensuring proper operation and heat transfer efficiency.

Lock-shield valves is installed to isolate specific components for repairs without disrupting the entire system.

Flow regulation valve can help control flow rates, optimizing heat transfer and system efficiency.

The pump should be positioned on the cold water return loop to maintain consistent water circulation throughout the system.

Filtration components such as a filter or optional air separators can be placed at pump suction to remove debris and air, protecting critical components like the pump and heat exchanger.

However, the feasibility of including these components will depend on the specific design and operational needs of the system.

Picture 4. Suggested piping diagrams for instaling LQCOL Plus in the system

5. INSTALLATION STEP OF LQCOL PLUS EXPANSION TANK

Proper installation of an LQCOL-Plus expansion tank is critical to ensure optimal system performance and longevity. Follow these essential steps:

1. Shut off the water supply and power (electricity or gas) during the installation of valves and the expansion tank.

2. Select a suitable location for the expansion tank on the cold water inlet line. Ensure the tank is accessible for maintenance and positioned away from the water heater outlet to prevent heating through convection.

3. Check the air pressure in the tank using a tire-type pressure gauge. The pre-charge should match the system's minimum pressure at the tank's location. If adjustment is needed, charge the tank with nitrogen gas or oil-free compressed air. Use a pressure gauge to ensure the charge is accurate.

4. Locate the system connection point and remove any plugs or caps from the system connection point.

5. The tank may now be piped to the system, use appropriate piping materials and sizes based on system requirements for the connection.

6. Install a lock-shield gate valve and a union fitting at the tank connection to allow for isolation and removal, if needed. Connect manual or automatic fill valves to the tank’s piping to ensure consistent operation without interference from the pump.

7. After installation, inspect all connections for leaks and ensure that all valves are functioning properly.

8. Before filling the system with water, use a tire-type pressure gauge to check the tank’s pre-charge pressure, ensure it matches the correct pre-charge pressure specified for the system (default is 30 psi unless otherwise noted on the tank label, pre-charge could be customized). Adjust the pressure as needed using nitrogen gas or oil-free compressed air. Check the pressure frequently during this process.

9. Gradually turn on the water supply and restore power to the system. Open the necessary valves to integrate the expansion tank into the system.

Adjusting the Pre-Charge After Operation:

If the system is operational and the expansion tank's pre-charge requires adjustment, use the following procedure:

1. Turn off the heat source and allow the system water to cool to room temperature.

2. Close the lock-shield valve to isolate the tank from the system.

3. Open the drain valve to empty water from the expansion tank.

4. Remove the protective cap from the air valve at the bottom of the tank.

5. Measure the tank’s air pressure at the pre-charge connection with an accurate tire-type air gauge.

6. If the pressure is low, add nitrogen gas or oil-free compressed air to the tank. Frequently monitor the pressure to ensure it reaches the desired level.

7. After ensuring the air charge is correct, replace the protective cap on the air valve.

8. Close the drain valve, reopen the lock-shield valve and turn the heat source back on.

6. BENEFITS OF LQCOL PLUS IN COOLING DATA CENTER SYSTEMS

1. Pressure Stabilization and System Protection: LQCOL Plus effectively absorbs pressure fluctuations caused by liquid expansion and contraction, ensuring consistent system pressure. This prevents damage to critical components such as pumps, pipes, and seals, due to pressure spikes or vacuum conditions, extending their lifespan and reducing maintenance needs.

2. Enhanced Cooling Efficiency: By maintaining optimal pressure levels, the expansion tank ensures the cooling liquid circulates efficiently throughout the system. This leads to better heat transfer, enhanced cooling performance, and reduced operational strain on the system.

3. Overflow Prevention and Safety: Without an expansion tank, expanding cooling liquid may overflow, causing fluid wastage. LQCOL Plus expansion tank safely contains excess liquid, preventing overflows and potential hazards such as leaks or ruptures. This maintains the system's integrity and enhances safety, minimizing risks and costly damage to the data center.

4. Compatibility with System Components: The tank integrates seamlessly with other essential components, such as backflow preventers, water meters, and check valves. Its ability to work harmoniously with these elements ensures a balanced and secure cooling system.

5. Cost Efficiency and Scalability: By reducing wear on components and improving system efficiency, LQCOL Plus lowers energy consumption, repair costs, and downtime. Additionally, its flexibility supports scalability, meeting the growing cooling demands of expanding data centers.

By incorporating LQCOL Plus into a cooling data center system, operators ensure reliable performance, enhanced safety, and long-term cost-efficiency, making it a crucial investment for modern data center operations.

7. CONCLUSION

As the demand for advanced data center cooling solutions grows, choosing the right components becomes important for efficiency and performance. Aquasky’s LQCOL Plus Expansion Tank is a purpose-built solution designed to address the unique challenges of modern cooling systems, including liquid and immersion cooling. By stabilizing pressure, dissipating heat effectively, and protecting critical components, the LQCOL Plus ensures optimal performance and long-term system reliability. Additionally, its integration supports sustainability by reducing energy consumption and minimizing wear on essential components.

With nearly three decades of manufacturing expertise, Aquasky stands as a trusted provider of high-quality industrial pressure and expansion tanks. The LQCOL Plus tank combines durability, innovation, and efficiency, offering exceptional value at a competitive price. Backed by a 3-Year Warranty, it is engineered to deliver consistent performance and peace of mind for data center operators. Regular replacement every three years ensures continued reliability and functionality.

About Diaphragm Pressure Tank ｜Aquasky

A diaphragm pressure tank is a crucial component of a water supply system that is designed to maintain consistent water pressure levels. It is a specialized tank that uses a flexible diaphragm to separate the water from the air, providing a pressurized air cushion that helps regulate water pressure.

It is typically constructed from high-quality steel. The tank's interior features a flexible diaphragm that divides the tank into two compartments, one for water and the other for air. The water compartment is located at the bottom of the tank, while the air compartment is located at the top. The air compartment is pressurized with air to create a cushion that provides consistent water pressure.

When the water pump is activated, it pumps water into the Diaphragm Pressure Tank to store water pressure. When the faucet is turned on, the water pressure is released quickly into the water pipe system to maintain stable water pressure.

Diaphragm pressure tanks are commonly used in water supply systems to maintain consistent water pressure levels. They are especially useful in situations where water demand varies throughout the day, such as in residential or commercial settings. The tank helps to minimize water pressure fluctuations, ensuring a steady supply of water to the system.

Applications:

Diaphragm pressure tanks are used in a wide range of applications, including residential and commercial water supply systems, irrigation systems, and industrial water treatment systems. They are also used in hydronic heating systems to regulate the pressure of the heating fluid.

Advantages:

1. Consistent Water Pressure: Diaphragm pressure tanks provide consistent water pressure, reducing the risk of damage to appliances and fixtures.

2. Increased Pump Life: By reducing the number of pump starts and stops, diaphragm pressure tanks help extend the life of the water pump.

3. Energy Efficiency: The use of a diaphragm pressure tank can help reduce energy consumption, as the pump operates more efficiently when it is not constantly cycling on and off.

4. Cost-Effective: Diaphragm pressure tanks are a cost-effective solution for maintaining consistent water pressure levels, reducing the need for expensive pump upgrades or repairs.

5. Easy Maintenance: Diaphragm pressure tanks require minimal maintenance, making them an ideal choice for busy households or commercial settings.

In summary, a diaphragm pressure tank is an essential component of any water supply system, providing consistent water pressure and reducing wear and tear on the system's pump. With their energy efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and low maintenance requirements, diaphragm pressure tanks are an excellent choice for a wide range of applications.

Happy Year of the Snake 2025

Welcoming the Year of the Snake with Warm Wishes from Aquasky

As the calendar turns to 2025, we at Aquasky are excited to welcome the Year of the Snake. This year, inspired by the Snake’s attributes of intelligence, charm, and flexibility, we extend our warmest wishes for your prosperity and health.

In the lunar calendar, 2025 (the 114th year of the Republic of China) is the Year of the Snake, the sixth animal in the zodiac. Known for its wisdom, dexterity, and charm, the Snake heralds a year of improved luck and success. Let the spirit of the Snake inspire us all to navigate the year with resilience and grace.

Holiday Notice: Aquasky’s Lunar New Year Schedule for 2025

Please note that our offices will be closed from January 25th to February 2nd, 2025, in celebration of the Lunar New Year. We will resume our operations on February 3rd, 2025 ready to continue providing you with top-tier pressure tanks and services.