#application time

Effects of nitrogen sources and application time on yield attributes, yield and grain protein of rain-fed NERICA-3 rice in Gambella, Ethiopia – IJAAR

Shiferaw Nesgea, Heluf Gebrekidan, J. J. Sharma, Tareke Berhe

Gambella Regional Agricultural Research Institute, P.O.Box 62, Gambella, Ethiopia

Colleges of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Haramaya University, P. O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ehiopia.

Department of Plant Sciences, Haramaya University, P. O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

SASAKAWA Africa Association`s, Regional Rice Program,…

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Es geht wieder los!

Nachdem ich wieder Zuhause war, kam eine Woche später das Fernweh. Nach wochenlangen Überlegungen von Ausbildung, Studium, Ausland, zog es mich wieder ins Ferne. Ich beschloss mich erneut für ein Au Pair Jahr in den Staaten zu bewerben. 

-Rücklick-

2011 | Ich hatte mich damals Beworben und hatte mein Interview bereits hinter mir. Ich musste nur noch Freigeschaltet werden. Was jedoch kam: Mama und Ich zogen von heut auf morgen um und in dem ganzen Stress wurde mir von allen Seiten geraten einen Plan B zu haben. Nämlich eine Ausbildung. In meinem Fall war es die zur Gestaltung Technischen Assistentin.

Aber wieder zurück wo wir stehen geblieben sind. Im November habe Ich mich erneut bei AIFS/ APIA beworben. Dies war nur eine Kurzbewerbung, bei der man lediglich ein paar Informationen einträgt. Nur ein paar Tage bin ich zum arbeiten nach England geflogen. Southampton um genau zu sein. Dort hatte ich das Glück meine Kindererfahrung auf die Probe zu stellen. Dort hatte ich auf ein süßes 2-jähriges Mädchen aufgepasst. 6 Wochen lang. 

Am 24.12. ging es mit Taxi, Bus, Flugzeug und Auto zurück nach Hause. Erst nach Weihnachten begann ich richtig mit meiner Bewerbung.

Mein Termin für mein Interview ist am Samstag, den 6. Februar 2016.

Ich sitze noch immer an meinem Video. Leider bin ich jetzt Krank. Ansonsten hätte ich die letzten paar Szenen drehen können. 

Mit den Dokumenten bin ich soweit durch. Nur meine letzte Referenz fehlt noch.  Ich mache momentan ein freiwilliges Praktikum, um meine Erfahrungen noch etwas auf zu frischen. 

Es fehlen also nur noch Video und die letzte Referenz.

A field experiment was carried out under rain-fed conditions at Imla, Gambella Agricultural Research Institute in 2008 and 2009 main cropping seasons in order to compare the effects of N sources [ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) and urea (CO(NH2)2)] and their time of application (½ at sowing + ½ at tillering; ⅓ at sowing + ⅓ at tillering + ⅓ at panicle initiation; ½ at sowing + ½ at panicle initiation, and ½ at tillering + ½ at panicle initiation) on growth, yield attributes and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety NERICA-3 (O. sativa x O. glaberrima), in a factorial experiment laid out in a RCBD replicated thrice. Nitrogen from each source was applied at the rate of 92 kg N ha-1, and the plots received uniform dose of 46 kg P and 20 kg K ha-1 at sowing. The results revealed that effects of year on rice days to flowering, panicle length, number of grains and grain weight panicle-1, grain yield, grain protein content (P ≤ 0.01), plant height, and straw yield (P ≤ 0.05) were only significant. The responses of rice growth and yield components and grain protein to sources of N were not significant (P > 0.05). Plant height, panicle length and grain weight panicle-1 to application time were significant (P ≤ 0.05) while the other growth and yield components and grain protein were not (P > 0.05). Only grain and straw yield significantly (P ≤ 0.01) influenced by interaction of N sources and application time whereas the other yield and growth components and grain protein not (P > 0.05). Effects of sources of N, interactions of year by sources of N, year by application time and year by sources of N by application time were insignificant(P > 0.05) on the rice growth, yield components and grain protein. Significantly increased rice grain yield (6.33 t ha-1) obtained with NH4NO3 applied ½ at sowing + ½ at tillering. The, results were subjected to economic analysis using the partial budget procedure to determine sources of N and application time that would give acceptable returns to farmers. Economic analysis showed that CO(NH2)2 applied ½ at sowing + ½ at panicle initiation and ½ at tillering + ½ at panicle initiation are superior and stable within a price variability range of 15%. Hence, it may be recommended for production of NERICA-3 rice under the climatic conditions prevailing in the study area.

Effects of nitrogen sources and application time on yield attributes, yield and grain protein of rain-fed NERICA-3 rice in Gambella, Ethiopia

Shiferaw Nesgea, Heluf Gebrekidan, J. J. Sharma, Tareke Berhe

Key words: Application time, NERICA-3 rice, nitrogen sources, partial budget, yield, yield attributes.

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out under rain-fed conditions at Imla, Gambella Agricultural Research Institute in 2008 and 2009 main cropping seasons in order to compare the effects of N sources [ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) and urea (CO(NH2)2)] and their time of application (½ at sowing + ½ at tillering; ⅓ at sowing + ⅓ at tillering + ⅓ at panicle initiation; ½ at sowing + ½ at panicle initiation, and ½ at tillering + ½ at panicle initiation) on growth, yield attributes and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety NERICA-3 (O. sativa x O. glaberrima), in a factorial experiment laid out in a RCBD replicated thrice. Nitrogen from each source was applied at the rate of 92 kg N ha-1, and the plots received uniform dose of 46 kg P and 20 kg K ha-1 at sowing. The results revealed that effects of year on rice days to flowering, panicle length, number of grains and grain weight panicle-1, grain yield, grain protein content (P ≤ 0.01), plant height, and straw yield (P ≤ 0.05) were only significant. The responses of rice growth and yield components and grain protein to sources of N were not significant (P > 0.05). Plant height, panicle length and grain weight panicle-1 to application time were significant (P ≤ 0.05) while the other growth and yield components and grain protein were not (P > 0.05). Only grain and straw yield significantly (P ≤ 0.01) influenced by interaction of N sources and application time whereas the other yield and growth components and grain protein not (P > 0.05). Effects of sources of N, interactions of year by sources of N, year by application time and year by sources of N by application time were insignificant(P > 0.05) on the rice growth, yield components and grain protein. Significantly increased rice grain yield (6.33 t ha-1) obtained with NH4NO3 applied ½ at sowing + ½ at tillering. The, results were subjected to economic analysis using the partial budget procedure to determine sources of N and application time that would give acceptable returns to farmers. Economic analysis showed that CO(NH2)2 applied ½ at sowing + ½ at panicle initiation and ½ at tillering + ½ at panicle initiation are superior and stable within a price variability range of 15%. Hence, it may be recommended for production of NERICA-3 rice under the climatic conditions prevailing in the study area.

Full Article Available: Volume 2, Number 9, September 2012 – IJAAR