Simultaneously antagonistic and social, creative and disruptive, humorous and barbed, the satirization of products, antagonization of celebrities, and creation of questionable fan art, along with countless other examples that permeate contemporary online participation, are too unwieldy, too variable across specific cases, to be essentialized as this as opposed to that. Nor can they be pinned to one singular purpose.
Phillips, Whitney. The Ambivalent Internet (p.10).











