Ahmed (1590.04.18. - 1617.11.22.) - Kösem (~1589 - 1651.09.02.)
Mehmed 1605. 03. 08. - 1621. 01. 12.
Ayse ~1606 - 1657
Fatma ~1608 - 1671 (before March)
Hanzade 1609 - 1650.09.
disputed: Selim 1611.06.27.-1611.06.27.
Murad IV 1612.07.27. - 1640.02.08.
Kasim 1614 - 1638.02.17.
Ibrahim 1615.11.05. - 1648.08.18.
ĂmmĂŒgĂŒlsĂŒm ~1616 (possibly) - after 1690
Ahmed (1590.04.18. - 1617.11.22.) - Mahfiruze (~1589 - ~1612)
Osman II 1604.11.03. - 1622.04.20.
disputed: Gevherhan ~1606 - after 1631
disputed: Cihangir 1609
disputed Bayezid 1612. 12. - 1635.07.27.
Ahmed (1590.04.18. - 1617.11.22.) - Unknown concubine(s)
daughter born in 1605 March
Hasan 1612.11.25. - ~1612
HĂŒseyin 1613.11.14. - 1617
Atike 1614 - 1670
SĂŒleyman 1615 - 1635.07.27.
Abide 1618 - 1648(?)
Orhan (died as a child)
Zahide (died as a child)
Zeynep (died as a child)
Esma (died as a child)
Hatice (died as a child)
Marriages of Ahmed I's daughters:
Gevherhan:
- ĂkĂŒz Kara Mehmed Pasha 1612-1621
* one son (1620)
- Topal Recep Pasha 1623-until her own death
* Safiye Hanimsultan (~1624-?)
- married Mehmed Pasha and was his widow in 1638/9
- married Sadrazam Abaza SiyavuĆ Pasha 1643-1656
AyĆe:
- Nasuh Pasha 1612-1614
- bethroed to Ćehit KarakaĆ Mehmed Pasha 1614
- MĂŒezzinzade Hafiz Ahmed Pasha 1622-1632
* Sultanzade Mustafa Bey 1628-1670
* Sultanzade X
- Silahdar Ahmed Pasha 1639-1644
- Voynuk Ahmed Pasha 1645-1649
- IbĆir Mustafa Pasha 1654/5-?
Fatma:
- Murtaza Pasha 1622-
- Ćehid Ali Pasha 1624
- Ăatalcali Kapudan Hasan Pasha 1624-1626
* Sultanzade Hasan ~1625
- Kara Mustafa Pasha 1626-?
- Sarraç Mustafa Pasha 1629-1630/1
- Kaçanikli Mehmed Pasha 1631
- Canpoladzade Mustafa Pasha 1632-1636
* Sultanzade HĂŒseyin 1633-1680
* Sultanzade SĂŒleyman 1635-1665
- Koça Yusuf Pasha 1637-1658
* Sultanzade Ămer 1637-after 1670
- Melek Ahmed Pasha 1661-1662
- Kanbur Mustafa Pasha 1663-1666
- Közbekçi Yusuf Pasha 1667
Hanzade
- married or bethroed to Murtaza Pashaâs son 1622
- Bayram Agha 1623-1638
* one son
- NakkaĆ Mustafa Pasha ~1641-until her death
* Sultanzade AbdĂŒlbaki Bey ~1642-after 1685
ĂmmĂŒgĂŒlsĂŒm
- married or bethroed to one pasha in 1626
- Halil Pasha ?-1641/2
- Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha ~1642-1648
Atike
- son of Ekmekçizade Ahmed Pasha 1618-?
- Sofu Kenan Pasha ~1624-1652
- Doganci Yusuf Pasha 1652-until her death
Theories:
The daughter born in 1605 March being Gevherhan (and then she was not Mahfiruze's daughter).
Hasan being Mahfiruze's not Bayezid and they both died due to complications.
Zeynep being Mahfiruze's daughter as Osman II possibly had a daughter Zeynep (as there are two Zeyneps buried in Ahmed I's tĂŒrbe), and since Zeynep is not a dynastical name, Osman may named her after his deceased sister.
PS: One of the sarcofagies is for a grown woman, which can be a mistake, or maybe Osman's daugter Zeynep reached adulthood (would be strange as until now there is no evidence for an adult sultana called Zeynep during this period).
Identity of Abide: Now it seems that Abide was not a daughter, but an aunt of Ahmed I and so the daughter of Murad III, see more under Murad III's family tree.
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So now I just had some free time to upload the family trees of the sultanâs we already discussed.Â
Mehmed IIIâs family is less known than the others, thats why his whole family tree seems small compared to the others. We must know, that none of the daughters are surely from Halime or Handan. You can read about it longer in their portraits and than you will understand what Iâm talking about. Here are the connecting portraits for this family tree:
Mehmed III, Halime, Handan, Mehmed IIIâs daughters, Ahmed I, Mustafa I
Ahmed Iâs family is big and quite well documented. There are still questions of course as in any other sultanâs family. Here are the connecting portraits for this family tree:
Ahmed I, Mahfiruze, Kösem, Ahmed Iâs daughters, Osman II, Murad IV, Ibrahim I, Ahmed Iâs sons
Osman II died young and had a small family, though there are still questions about him: Its not sure he married Pertev Pashaâs granddaughter and its not sure that Mustafa and Zeynep were his children. Some says Mustafa and Zeynep both were Ahmed Iâs children who died infancy. Plus we donât know for 100% sure if MeyliĆah was the mother of Ćehzade Ămer or AyĆe. So actually nearly nothing is sure in Osmanâs family tree. *insert facepalm meme here*Â Here are the connecting portraits for this family tree:
Osman II, Osman IIâs consorts
Murad IV had a big family, but we know quite little about his consorts and sons and sometimes the dates are not valid also. Here are the connecting portraits for this family tree:Â
Murad IV, Murad IVâs consorts, Murad IVâs daughters
Most sons of Sultan Ahmed I were born to his favorite, Kösem Sultan but his daughters are more divided. Of Ahmed's roughly ten daughters, only three were born from Kösem.
Gevherhan Sultan
The date of birth for Gevherhan and the identity of her mother are not known for sure. There are usually two date variations for the date of birth, 1605 and 1608. There are both pros and contras for both versions. The year of birth of her first child is suggest the year 1605 as her birth-year. Sultan Ahmed named Gevherhan in honor for his aunt, Selim II's daughter, Gevherhan, so it would be logical to name his firstborn daughter Gevherhan. This assumption is further reinforced by the fact that the ambassador in Istanbul, Bon, clearly notes that Ahmed had his firstborn son in November 1604, followed by his second son in March 1605, but also between Ahmedâs firstborn and secondborn sons there was a daughter. Unfortunately, Bon doesn't mention the girl's name. There are two options, or Gevherhan was this girl, and in this case neither Kösem nor Mahfiruze could be her mothers. Or this girl died shortly after her birth, for only Gevherhan, AyĆe, or Fatma were Ahmed's known daughters from this period, but AyĆe and Fatma were certainly Kösem's daughters so they could not be born in 1605 March. As Kösem was still pregnant with Prince Mehmed when this girl was born in March 1605, so this option should be discarded. All in all, then, it is certain that Gevherhan was not the daughter of Kösem, but it cannot be proved that her mother was Mahfiruze or another concubine.
Gevherhan's first marriage took place in June 1612, but this cannot be considered a real marriage. Her father only wanted to make his new son-in-law, ĂkĂŒz Kara Mehmed Pasha his committed, but given the sultana's young age, the marriage was not consumated and Gevherhan did not even move in with her husband. Between 1614 and 1616, ĂkĂŒz Kara Mehmed Pasha was the Grand Vezier of Ahmed I, and he was able to return to this office again during Osman II's reign in 1619. By this time it was probable that Gevherhan had moved in with her husband, for in 1620 she gave birth to her first child, a boy who soon passed away. The fact that Osman elevated Gevherhanâs husband to the post of Grand Vizier clearly suggests that Gevherhan was either his sister or the daughter of a politically insignificant consort. For it would not have been a logical step for him to marry off one of the daughters of the Kösem, since these sultanas and their husbands would then have been primarily loyal to Kösem. ĂkĂŒz Kara Mehmed Pasha soon was dismissed and was exiled to Syria, where he died in 1621. It is not known whether Gevherhan also traveled to Syria with the pasha or their marriage was dissolved after his dismissal.
According to some, it was Osman II who also chose Gevherhan's second husband, according to others the marriage took place only in 1623, so during Murad IV's reign. In this case, Kösem Sultan, the regent was the one who chose a husband for Gevherhan. Either way, Topal Recep Pasha became the lucky husband. With Topal Pasha, Gevherhan had a child, Safiye Hanimsultan, who reached adulthood, as in 1643 he was married to Siyavus Pasha. Topal Pasha was executed by Sultan Murad IV for being part of the assassination of former Grand Vizier Hafız Ahmed Pasha and Musa Ăelebi and, according to some, he wanted to dethrone Murad.
After her second widowhood, we know nothing about Gevherhan. Some say she died young in the 1630s, others say she lived a long life in the Old Palace. Both options are possible since she was not the daughter of Kösem, thus neither Kösem nor Murad would have benefited too much from marry off Gevherhan. It is possible that she did indeed live the rest of her life in the Old Palace forgotten. Some historians give 1660 as the time of her death, but there is no evidence for this either.
AyĆe Sultan
The date of her birth is similarly controversial as that of Gevherhan's. Most give 1605 as her year of birth, but this is not mathematically possible. She could not be the girl born in March 1605, as her mother, Kösem, gave birth to Prince Mehmed at that time, and the only girl born in 1605 was a few weeks older than Mehmed. And after Mehmed's birth, if Kösem had become pregnant almost immediately, she still would not have been able to give birth to another child in the same year. In my opinion, AyĆe was born in early 1606. Some give 1608 as the year of her birth, which is also possible, but in this case, it was not AyĆe who was the first daughter of Kösem, but Fatma.
AyĆe is an extreme example of the marriages of sultanas for political reasons. We have become accustomed to the fact that only a few sultanas have lived their lives with their first husbands, most of them had to marry at least twice or three times in their lives. AyĆe, however, married much more than this, at least seven times. Her first husband was chosen by her father, Ahmed I under the pressure from Kösem in 1612. The fact that both AyĆe and Gevherhan were married off in 1612, suggests that they were Ahmed's two eldest daughters. The marriage was never consummated, and AyĆe never moved in with the pasha, especially since in 1614 Nasuh Pasha, who had previously served as Grand Vizier, was executed in July by Sultan Ahmed. According to several reports, AyĆe was present at the execution, which greatly hurt her.
AyĆe's first real marriage took place in 1620 when her half-brother Osman II married her to Ćehit KarakaĆ Mehmed Pasha, the beylerbey of Buda. Osman was in great need of supporters, so he undertook to use AyĆe for this as well, which was risky given that she was the daughter of Kösem. AyĆe probably did not travel to Buda with the pasha, as he marched to the Kingdom of Poland almost immediately after the marriage, with Osman. The pasha died during the campaign, so AyĆe was widowed for the second time at just 15 years old.
Her third husband was chosen by her mother for AyĆe in 1626, he was MĂŒezzinzade Hafız Ahmed Pasha, and in 1627 the wedding took place. This was AyĆe's first normal marriage. The pasha was over sixty, while AyĆe was barely twenty. From the marriage two children were born, Sultanzade Mustafa Bey and an anonymous boy. Mustafa Bey was born in 1628 and died around 1670 as an adult. Her husband was lynched by the Janissaries during a revolt in 1632 and AyĆe was widowed again.
AyĆe's next husband was Murtaza Pasha, Diyarbakir's beylerbey. The man was old, ailing, and sick. AyĆe hated this husband from the bottom of her heart. It took three years for the pasha to go to Istanbul and marry AyĆe. So in the end, while he was appointed to AyĆe's husband in 1632, the pasha only arrived in Istanbul until 1635 to marry her. It was perhaps not surprising and shocking to AyĆe when the pasha died in 1636 during Muradâs campaign.
Her next marriage was a surprisingly longer one. The husband was Silahdar Ahmed Pasha and the marriage took place in 1639 and they were together until 1644 until the death of the pasha. No children was born from this marriage.
Her next marriage lasted four years. In 1645 her mother chose Hezargratlı Voynuk Ahmed Pasha as AyĆe's new husband. The pasha soon fell out of favor and was exiled to Edirne by Sultan Ibrahim, who was becoming crazier with every day. Although Ibrahim was AyĆe's full-brother, to punish his mother - with whom he had a bad relationship - in 1647 he forced AyĆe, their other sister Fatma and Hanzade, and Kösem's favorite granddaughter, Esmehan Kaya, to serve his new wife. It is not known how the four women endured the humiliation. In addition to living as servants of Telli HĂŒmaĆah for a time, all their land and possessions were confiscated by the sultan to punish their mother. And when, according to the sultan, they did not serve HĂŒmaĆah properly, he exiled them to Edirne. Ibrahim was soon dethroned, and the lives of AyĆe and her sisters could return to normal. Shortly after Ibrahim's dethronement and death, AyĆe's husband, Voynuk Ahmed, also died in July 1649.
AyĆe was in her early forties when the new sultan engaged her in 1654 to IbĆir Mustafa Pasha, who was the same age as the sultana. The wedding took place in February 1655 and eventually it became AyĆeâs most balanced but maybe the shortest marriage. For the first time in her life, she got an age-appropriate husband. Her excitement is also indicated by the fact that she sent several letters and servants to the pasha before their marriage to ask him to finally return to Istanbul as soon as possible so that they could marry. In the end, it was AyĆeâs close servant, Mercan Agha, who successfully convinced the pasha to go. As soon as the pasha arrived, AyĆe welcomed her future husband with great splendor and ceremony. However, the marriage did not last long, given that İbĆir Mustafa PaĆa died in May 1655.
AyĆe soon followed her last husband and died in May 1657. Although her marriages are accurately documented, we know nothing else about her life.
Fatma Sultan
The date of  her birth is also uncertain, she maybe was born in late 1606, or in 1607, possibly in 1608. She was the third child and second daughter of Sultan Ahmed and Kösem Sultan. Not much is known about her childhood, only that after the death of Sultan Ahmed in 1617, she moved with her mother and sisters to the Old Palace, where they lived until 1623.
Unlike her sisters, Fatma had no marriages during her childhood. Her first husband, Ăatalcalı Hasan Pasha was chosen to her in 1624 by Kösem Sultan. From their marriage a son, Sultanzade Hasan Bey was born, who probably died as a child. Her husband was very fond of Kösem, and that was what caused his end. This devotion between him and Kösem enraged the teenage sultan, Murad IV so much that he executed the pasha in 1628.
In 1628, Murad immediately chose a new husband for his sister, this time Kara Mustafa Pasha, the leader of the Janissaries, was chosen, but the marriage ended nearly as soon as it was bounded, for Murad executed the pasha in the same year.
The newest husband of Fatma Sultan was Canbuladzade Mustafa Pasha in 1631. From the marriage, two children were born Sultanzade HĂŒseyn Pasha (1633 - 1680) and Sultanzade SĂŒleyman Bey (1635 - 1665). Some also mention a girl named AyĆe, but she was born from the pashaâs previous marriage, so not Fatma was her mother. For the sake of variety, Murad also executed this husband soon, in 1636.
Soon she was married off again, this time to Koca Yusuf Pasha, before 1639. They had one son together: Ămer who reached adulthood and surely survived her mother. Her husband died in 1658.
In 1647 Ibrahim deprived her of all her possessions and forced her to serve his new wife, HĂŒmaĆah. It may have been a satisfaction to Fatma that her brother was soon dethroned and executed so that she could get her possessions back and continue her life. It is known about Fatma that she spent a lot, which placed a very heavy burden on her future husbands.
Knowing Fatma's way of life, Grand Vizier KöprĂŒlĂŒ Mehmed Pasha decided to marry her to his rival Gazi Melek Ahmed Pasha in 1661. KöprĂŒlĂŒ had a happy time at the marriage, joking several times that it would be as difficult for Melek Ahmed to satisfy the sultana's material needs as it was to feed an elephant. Fatma didnât like the marriage in the least as most probably she enjoyed her widowed years and she did not longe for another marriage when she was 60 years old. Melek Ahmed Pasha also wasn't happy about the marriage, as he still mourned his previous wife, Murad IV's daughter, Esmehan Kaya, whom he loved deeply. However, KöprĂŒlĂŒ could not have fun for a long time as he died in 1661. The marriage was finally done despite the objections of both parties. On her wedding night, Fatma presented her demands to Melek Ahmed Pasha, who said he could not afford to pay for Fatmaâs luxurious life-style. The sultana threatened Melek Ahmed with a divorce, which actually made Melek Ahmed happy, but their divorce was not accepted by the new Grand Vezier.  Then in 1662 Melek Ahmed Pasha passed away. Fatma demanded from the new Grand Vizier - who was, by the way, the son of KöprĂŒlĂŒ - that as Melek Ahmed's widow, his belongings, his money, his possessions are her right. KöprĂŒlĂŒ Jr. though wanted the possessions to go to the imperial treasury but the sultan and the Valide Sultan ordered him to do so, and the goods of Melek Ahmed eventually went to Fatma.
The following year, Fatma remarried to Kanbur Mustafa Pasha, the beylerbey of Baghdad, which marriage lasted until the pasha's death in 1666. However, this was not Fatma's last marriage, in 1667 she was married to Közbekçi Yusuf Pasha. Fatma, like her sister, was married at least seven times.
Fatma Sultan died in very late 1670 or early 1671 and her belongings were given to people she asked for in her testament in 1671 March. She left money, inheritance to:
- Haseki Emetullah Rabia GĂŒlnĂŒĆ Sultan
- Fatma Hanimsultan, who was her step-daughter and so the daughter of Esmehan Kaya Sultan which is interesting as Fatma Sultan and Melek Ahmed (father of Fatma Hanimsultan) were not in the best relationship⊠But at the same times Fatma the older cared for Fatma the younger. At this point i must mention something. We usually consider the marriage of Esmehan Kaya and Melek Ahmed a close and lovely one because of Evliya. Evliya praised the two of them, but at the same time Evliya and Melek Ahmed were relatives, sooooo maybe this whole Melek Ahmed and Esmehan thing was not so lovely? Maybe Fatma disliked Melek Ahmed with a reason? Or maybe she just blamed him for the death of Esmehan Kaya?Â
She was buried in Ahmed Iâs mausoleum.  Â
Hanzade Sultan
Hanzade was born in 1609 as the fourth child and third daughter of Sultan Ahmed and Kösem Sultan. Her mother was, without a doubt, Kösem. She also spent her childhood with her sisters and mother in the Old Palace. Some say she was a favorite child of Kösem.
Her first marriage took place in 1623, the first year of her brother, Murad IV's reign. Interestingly, although she was theoretically younger than Fatma, she married before his sister. Her husband Bayram Agha was one of the leading aghas of the Janissaries. Despite his low rank, he deserved the marriage by providing great help to Kösem and Murad in putting Murad on the throne and gain the help of the Janissaries. In addition to being not old, Bayram Agha was said to be handsome, according to some accounts. Moreover, Sultan Murad loved the man very much, so Hanzade may have had the most balanced marriage among her sisters. Especially that in 1637 Murad appointed Bayram as the Grand Vezier. From then on, Hanzade might have seemed to have everything, a handsome husband, a good relationship with her mother, a good relationship between her husband and her brother, and her children were born also. However, soon everything changed, in 1638 Bayram Pasha suddenly fell ill. On his side, there was his wife and the sultan himself, who reportedly sobbed when Bayram Pasha died. Also her children died young as no one mentions them later.
In her widowhood, Hanzade certainly retired to the Old Palace. Some say she married NakkaĆ Mustafa Pasha in 1643, but there is no evidence for this marriage. It is possible that Hanzade was married only once in her life. In 1647, in addition to her sisters and niece, she was also forced by her younger brother, Ibrahim, to serve his new wife, HĂŒmaĆah.
Hanzade died in September 1650, so she did not live long enough to see the murder of her mother in 1651. She was buried in the mausoleum of her brother, Ibrahim.
Burnaz Atike Sultan
Sultan Atike was born in 1614 or 1615 and although some sources consider her to be the daughter of Kösem, she was certainly not her child. With the death of Sultan Ahmed, Atike moved to the Old Palace with her mother and remained there until her first marriage.
Her first husband was Musahib Cafer Pasha, with whom she married in 1630 and whom his brother, Murad IV choosed for her. Their marriage lasted long, until the death of the pasha in 1647. Their marriage was childless, which is an interesting fact for Atike. On the one hand, it is possible to a sultana to refuse to have sex with her husband, but on the other hand, we know that Atike loved children very much. Thus, the possibility also arises that the sultana (or the pasha) could not have had a child. This is supported by the fact that she had an adopted son, later Mihnea III. According to Evliya, Mihnea grew up in the court of Atike Sultan in Istanbul.
Atike Sultan was able to raise and educated a concubine, Turhan, who was 10-12 years younger than her. She certainly intended the girl as a gift, as she had given her a serious education. Atike finally gifted the young concubine to her younger brother, Ibrahim I, after his accession. Turhan soon gave Ibrahim a son, the first son of Ibrahim. Atike and Turhan Hatice were very close to each other, Atike certainly tried to support and advise Turhan about Ibrahim, for Ibrahim was very hostile to both Turhan and her son. Atike was seriously involved in the upbringing of Turhan's son, so much that Mehmed regarded the childless sultana as his second mother. Atike, together with Turhan Hatice, also raised one of the daughters of Ibrahim, Fatma, who lost her mother. Although it is not known about Atike that she participated in the conspiracy against Kösem in 1651, but based on her close relationship with Turhan, it can be assumed that she supported Turhan in some way.
After her widowhood, Ibrahim I remarried Atike in 1648 to Kenan Pasha, with whom their marriage lasted until 1652, until the death of the pasha. According to others, Musahib Cafer Pasa died in 1633 and Atike was already married to Kenan Pasha in 1633 by Murad IV. Her next marriage took place in 1652, this time Atike's beloved nephew-son, Mehmed IV married her to DoÄancı Yusuf Pasha. DoÄancı Yusuf Pasha died in 1670, and as Atike is no longer mentioned after that year, presumably she died before or around 1670. She was buried in Ibrahim's mausoleum. With regard to Atike, it arises that Sarı Kenan Pasha and Mufettis İsmail Pasha were also her husbands, but since another Atike sultan lived during this period, it is difficult to decide for sure.
Abide Sultan
Abide was most probably the posthumous daughter of Ahmed I, born in 1618, after Ahmed's death. Her mother may have been an insignificant concubine. From her birth, Abide lived in the Old Palace until her marriage.
Abide's first known marriage was in 1642 with KĂŒĂ§ĂŒk Musa Pasha. It is late for her first marriage, as Abide was already 24 years old. There are two explanations, one is that the sultans did not consider it important to marry her off, as she was not the daughter of the dominant sultana, Kösem; or simply Abide also had a less significant first husband, who, however, disappeared in history.
Her last mention is from 1647/8 when her husband passed away. This suggests that perhaps Abide may have died at this time as well. But it cannot be ruled out that she simply moved back to the Old Palace after her widowhood, where she spent her remaining years.
In addition to the daughters mentioned above, Ahmed had several other daughters who died as children, such as Zahide, Esma, Hatice or Zeynep. In the case of Zeynep, it arises that she is not Ahmed's but  Osman II's daughter. These daughters died as infants.Â
In addition, some historians have found a hint that one of Ahmedâs daughters was the wife of Ćehit Ali Pasha, who died in 1624. The name of this sultana is unknown. It is possible that she was another daughter of Ahmed, who reached adulthood. Maybe one of the sultanas above had Ćehit Ali Pasha as their husband also. Based on the dates, the ones who were not married until/around 1624 are Fatma, Abide, or Atike. So maybe Ćehit Ali Pasha was the husband of one of these.
Used sources: G. Börekçi - Factions and favourites at the courts of Sultan Ahmed I (r. 1603-17) and his immediate predecessors; S. Faroqhi - The Ottoman Empire and the World; C. Imber - The Ottoman Empire 1300-1650; F. Suraiya, K. Fleet - The Cambridge History of Turkey 1453-1603; G. Piterberg - An Ottoman Tragedy, History and Historiography at Play; F. Suraiya - The Cambridge History of Turkey, The Later Ottoman Empire, 1603â1839 Y. Ăztuna - Sultan Genç Osman ve Sultan IV. Murad; L. Peirce - The Imperial Harem; N. SakaoÄlu - Bu MĂŒlkĂŒn Kadın Sultanları; M. Ă. Uluçay - PadiĆahların Kadınları ve Kızları; A. D. Alderson - The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty; B. Tezcan - The debut of Kösem Sultan's political carreer
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I. Ahmed szultĂĄnnak a legtöbb fiĂș gyermeket kedvence Köszem szultĂĄna szĂŒlte, azonban lĂĄnyai jobban megoszlanak. Ahmed nagyjĂĄbĂłl tĂz lĂĄnyĂĄbĂłl csupĂĄn hĂĄrom szĂŒletett KöszemtĆl.
FelhasznĂĄlt forrĂĄsok: G. Börekçi - Factions and favourites at the courts of Sultan Ahmed I (r. 1603-17) and his immediate predecessors; S. Faroqhi - The Ottoman Empire and the World; C. Imber - The Ottoman Empire 1300-1650; F. Suraiya, K. Fleet - The Cambridge History of Turkey 1453-1603; G. Piterberg - An Ottoman Tragedy, History and Historiography at Play; F. Suraiya - The Cambridge History of Turkey, The Later Ottoman Empire, 1603â1839 Y. Ăztuna - Sultan Genç Osman ve Sultan IV. Murad; L. Peirce - The Imperial Harem; N. SakaoÄlu - Bu MĂŒlkĂŒn Kadın Sultanları; M. Ă. Uluçay - PadiĆahların Kadınları ve Kızları; A. D. Alderson - The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty; B. Tezcan - The debut of Kösem Sultan's political carreer