#3.3.6

Oh, this poor boy. I imagine this is how a lot of people raised in conservative households who are now a lot more politically left feel. What this actually reminds me of is stories of how people managed to leave hate groups and change their whole belief system. Marius’s situation is less severe, but Hugo does a surprisingly good job of showing that it takes work and research to break out of this conditioning (and sometimes it still steers you headlong into Bonapartism). Marius is educated, but he realizes there’s clearly still a lot to learn and commits to educating himself from sources he has so far avoided.

And it’s a never-ending process; we see Marius challenged yet again by Combeferre and the more radical Amis. BUT but, I think this is a very good illustration of how people actually end up changing their minds. “He had not known neither one nor the other, and he had had a sort of voluntary night over his eyes.” Take all of this with the caveat that he isn’t really doing this to be a politically informed member of a just society, but to connect with the ideals of his father. This isn’t bad at all, but context is important and we see how it quickly warps his findings.

I’m immensely amused that Marius reaches out, toward Saint-Just, towards Robespierre, oh he’s riiiight there....and just pushes past and grabs Napoleon. I’m sorry, I cannot shake the image of Marius just t-posing in his attic room shouting “Vive l’empereur!”

I’m cackling at this chapter title even though I know it’s slightly more grim than all that. I read this in Gillenormad’s voice saying, “Must be some petticoat!”

Theodule is the epitome of the hot-but-incredibly-stupid trope, I stand by this. He just wants to be named Alfred...he thinks a tryst in a church is spicy...I respect him and his truth. He puts up with an aunt who pinches his cheeks and “only preferred him because she did not see him” because he’s obedient and dutiful to a fault.

“‘...you would not leave your family to go to see such a creature.’

The lancer put on the satisfied grimace of Cartouche praised for his honesty.”

She murdered him! Unsteady, grave Marius has a lass and the handsome lancer Theodule doesn’t, he’s too scrupulous and dutiful, he’s a slave to his orders, certainly not courting material.

So this chapter is why we needed to read Waterloo first.

Waterloo gives us the necessary context to parse Marius’ hero worship, to understand why he’s Wrong but also why we shouldn’t judge him too harshly for being so. Waterloo paints Napoleon through his radiance, exposes the details of him that Marius is too blinded to see, but does not pretend that the radiance isn’t there. We understand why Marius comes to the conclusion that he does, just as we understand why he’s wrong to do so.

And that’s important. Because Hugo is very much presenting this as an understandable mistake made by a very young, very inexperienced man. This is Marius’ first attempt at forming his own opinion about the world, and he can only improve from here. He throws himself into research but doesn’t have the skills to critically analyzed what he’s reading -- I feel like it’s not going out on much of a limb to suggest that critical analysis is not a skill Gillenormand encouraged terribly much -- and so accepts everything pretty much at face value.

(Sidenote: Marius is so deeply endearing in these chapters. I forget how adorable and earnest he is when we first meet him.)

Hugo underlines Marius’ conversion with some solid, straight forward light symbolism. We’re back to using light as a symbol for mental clarity, rather than Truth, although it’s cleverly disguised as being about finding truth. Marius climbs from the darkness of being Ultra into the radiance of Bonapartism, but Hugo’s pretty clear in his narration that he doesn’t think Bonapartism is the objective way to go. Instead, it’s Marius’ journey to forming his own convictions about something, and the more certain he becomes the brighter the light. It’s pretty much spelled out in this passage: “And, slowly, almost reluctantly at the outset, then with elation and as though drawn by an irresistible fascination, he began to climb one by one first the dark steps, then the dimly lit steps, finally the bright and splendid steps of enthusiasm."

(A further symbolism note: when Marius has his moment of final conversion and shouts praises to Napoleon through his window, our attention is deliberately drawn to the stars in the sky. We’ve already noted the consistent lack of stars during moments of character turmoil, either internal or external. Here it’s the opposite. Marius has found certainty, and the stars are clearly visible to herald it.)

Of course, we have a smattering of the more standard kind -- Marius initially shrinks back, dazzled by the light of the revolution and its main protagonists. But even that is tied to his own clarity of mind, to his shedding his conditioning and making up his own mind about the word.

The main thing I took from this chapter is that politics/political opinions are incomplete without their being love for family and others, as Mabeuf says in his speech to Marius. ‘Certainly I'm in favour of political opinions, but there are people who don’t know where to stop [...] You don’t keep a father away from his child for that.’

Marius disappeared for three days, and when he came back to Paris, he went straight to the library and did as much research as he could about his father. His grandfather thinks that Marius is in love with a girl.

Dazzled by new information, Marius comes to the conclusion that the results of the Revolution were good.

Marius deeply regrets not being able to talk to his father now.

Marius had grown up being taught to hate Napoleon, but as he studies the Revolution, he begins to view him as greater and greater in his mind until one night, while reading, he stands up and shouts, “Long live the Emperor!” out his window. He begins to view Napoleon as a god.

His family still doesn’t know how radically changed Marius’s political views have become. He orders 100 cards with Le Baron Marius Pontmercy printed on them and keeps them in his pocket. He becomes cold towards his grandfather, but Marius makes the excuse that he’s preoccupied with his studies, and his grandfather thinks that it’s just because he’s in love.

Sometimes, you do just need to scream out a window because you love Napoleon so much. 

Marius also pulls a Hermione here, heading straight to the library to read everything he can about his father, Napoleon, and the last 40 years of French history. I notice that Hugo explicitly mentions the leaders of the revolution as writers and historical figures that Marius is encountering and gaining respect for. Our emo boy ends up fixating on Napoleon, but he's at least sympathetic to the republic even before he gets slaughtered by the words "to be free".

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The one in which Marius goes all-in on learning about his dad, and ends up falling in love with Napoleon. Also, he gives himself a crash course in recent political history. Gillenormand persists in labelling this as an affair, which is either hilarious to me because he is right (Marius is basically in love with the idea of the French Empire) or because he is wrong (G can't differrentiate between teenage emo reading and teenage crush drama). Either way, I am an evil person who is enjoying this misunderstanding.

Except for the bit where Marius apparently has no use for his cards, ie, has no social circle. Poor, lonely Marius. I vote he finds some friends.

The bit of wordsmithing that caught my eye this chapter is "Napoléon devint pour lui l'homme-peuple comme Jésus est l'homme-Dieu", which I like as a metaphor, and am having some trouble with as actual words. "Man-God" sort of works. "Man-people" just reads awkwardly to me. 

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