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@studiousness
hello ap nerds! since it's that time of year again....Ā here are myĀ ap psychologyĀ andĀ ap biologyĀ notes from when i studied for the exams (i got a 5 and 3, respectively)
p.s. the ap tests are never as hard as the class they follow a very predictable structure and generally test on the same things every year, so itās 100% possible to do ok if you study p.p.s pls stop asking me to do your homework for you! i graduated nearlyĀ two years ago i am done with homework
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Explain, in your own words, what an operational definition is and give an example of an operational definition for a variable that might be of interest to a psychologist.
guys come on i graduated last year iām not going to do your homework for you this took m e three seconds to google
please help. A researcher found that there is a positive correlation between living in a house with more than two bathrooms and grades earned. Based on this observation, why is it not possible to conclude that having more bathrooms causes higher grades? What are some alternative explanations for the observed correlation?
a house with more than two bathrooms is an indicator a wealthassume that wealthier families can afford tutoring (or send their kid to a better school in the first place), revision books, and other educational supplements
Your blog is the shit, I just started Psychology and your blog is by far better than any website I have ever been to help me understand some of the concepts. Thank you for the help. =]
Iām glad you found it useful!! Study hard and do your best!
Have you read the novel one flew over the cuckoo's nest ?
I have not, not for school or pleasure!
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Don't know how I didn't see your blog before, but this is so helpful. Thank you! I am taking an Intro to Bio course in college and your index helped reinforce all the lectures. :)
Probably because it isn't AP season anymore, haha. I'm glad it was useful though!! :)
guys guys guys
How did you do?!
hi~ in your opinion, which are some good books/books you like to use to study for aps and sats? thank you!!
Hi! My favourite books for last minute AP test studying (read: HELP I PROCRASTINATED ALL YEAR AND THE TEST IS IN TWO WEEKS OHGAWD) are REA's Crash Course books! I've used them to help me study for the AP Biology, Psychology, and US History exams.
They're really good because they focus on information that is repeatedly tested on the AP tests. They're very concise and outline the things you absolutely need to know for the exams. They don't cover everything on the exam, but they usually nail the majority of it.Ā
Also, when I took AP Language, our teacher copied a lot of excerpts out of a Princeton Review book. That's about all the experience I have with the Princeton Review, but I've heard good things about it - though it seems to be really extensive.Ā As I live in an area where ACT scores are used for colleges more than SATs, I've never taken any SATs! I wish I could be more helpful there.A good place to lurk/ask about what to use to study for specific AP tests or even your SATs would be collegeconfidential. Their forumsĀ are usually full of old threads and helpful people!
you dont have tags for history and approaches and methods for ap psychology index? :[
I don't!Ā I've been pretty lazy since exams and school let out, and still need to fill some things in. D:
cultural biases
individualistic cultures emphasise independence and personal responsibility Ā ex: United States
people in individualistic cultures are more likely to commit both the fundamental attribution error and the self-serving bias
collectivist cultures emphasise interdependence and collective responsibility Ā ex: China or Japan
people in collectivist cultures are less likely to make the fundamental attribution error and are more likely to be aware of situational factors influencing behaviourĀ
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self-serving bias
self-serving bias: taking credit for your success while at the same time attributing your failures to things beyond your control Ā ex: if you get a good score on the ACT, you'll probably say it's because you studied hard - but if you get a low score, you're more likely to blame the test-taking conditions or tricky questions CAUSES -
most people have a need for self-esteem and a desire to save face
people are more aware of situational factors that influence their behaviourĀ
For ap psych can you explain the attribution theory, william schatner and phineas gage?
I'm assuming by attribution theory, you mean the fundamental attribution error? I literally just made a post on this, haha! Great timing.Ā I haveĀ this and this on the fundamental attribution error. If this doesn't clear things up, hit me up more specifically and I'll see what I can do for you! :)William Shatner is an actor and doesn't really have anything to do with psychology? He was in a movie called the Tenth Level that was kind of about obedience experiments - like Stanley Milgram stuff. Other than that, I've got nothing. I tried googling variations of the name and got nothing relevant to psychology, sorry! D:Ā As for Phineas Gage, he's pretty notable when it comes to neuroscience! This is a really interesting article, if you're up for a long read. Ā He was a construction worker who survived a really crazy accident - a crowbar went completely through his head and demolished most of his left frontal lobe! Fungus grew on his brain, he went into a bit of a coma, and his personality changed drastically, etc etc.Ā
fundamental attribution error
fundamental attribution error: tendency to over-emphasise dispositional factors Ā and underestimate situational factors when making attributions about the cause of another person's behaviour
dispositional factors include personality traits, like motivation or willingness to work
situational factors refer to social influences, like absent parents or peer pressureĀ Ā
CAUSES -Ā
the just-world phenomenon: believing that people get what they deserve, and that the world is just and fair - helps explain the tendency of people to blame the victim instead of looking at social causes Ā
saliency bias: situational factors aren't as noticable as dispositional factors, leading people to focus more on personality than social context
biomedical therapies
effective for treating:Ā - bipolar disorders - depression * availability of new drugs allows mental hospitals to deinstitutionalise and release patients much more freely than in the past * biomedical drugs relieve many symptoms, BUT they do not cure the underlying disorder and can have many negative side-effects, and patients can become physically dependent on the drugsĀ
electroconvulsive therapy
two electrodes are placed on the outside of the patient's head, and a moderate electrical current is passed through the brain
used to treat serious cases of depression
works faster than drugs - used to treat suicidal patients
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psychopharmacology
psychopharmacology: the study of how drugs affect behaviours/mental processes
anti-anxiety drugs - reduce anxiety and produce relaxation by lowering sympathetic activity in the brain - ex: Valium, Xanax
anti-psychotic drugs - diminish/eliminate hallucinations, delusions, and other symptoms of schizophrenia - also known as neuroleptics or major tranquilisers -decrease dopamine activity in the brain - long term use of these drugs can lead to tardive dyskinesia - a movement disorder characterised by involuntary movements of the tongue, facial muscles, and limbs
mood-stablising drugs - treat the combination of manic episodes and depression that characterise bipolar disorders - ex: LithiumĀ
antidepressants - treat depression by inhibiting the neurotransmitter serotonin - ex: ProzacĀ
biomedical therapies
biomedical therapies: use drugs/electroconvulsive therapy to treat psychological disorders
usually a psychiatrist must prescribe biomedical therapiesĀ