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¡Hola! 

I answered a similar question before, and I made a Google document about this. But I’ll post it here (because I get this question a lot) with some extra things. :)

Well, first of all I don’t recommend you to learn “por and para” as “to and for” because this is not always correct, and you might get even more confused. The truth is that these prepositions don’t have an exact translation in English or any other language, so the only thing you can do is to know the uses and differences between them.

This is how I recommend you to learn them:

POR: reason, cause, method, way, durationPARA: purpose, goal

I think para is easier to understand. Para always refers to a purpose, a goal or an effect. So if you’re not sure which one to use, ask yourself “Does the next phrase after para talk about a purpose or goal? If yes, use it. If not, 80% of the times is por. (I say “80%” because this is not an official rule. This is just something I thought about to help you choose the right preposition).

Now let’s see some examples to make this clearer:

✦ por vs. para

¿Por qué? - Why? What is the reason?

¿Para qué? - What for? What is the purpose?

Lo hice por ti. - I did it because of you. (You were the reason)

Lo hice para ti. - I did it for you. (You were the purpose)

Trabajo por mi madre. - I work because of my mother. (She got me a job / she is the reason I got a job).

Trabajo para mi madre. - I work for my mother. (I work in her business / I’m her employee).

Una canción escrita por mi amigo. - A song written by my friend. (My friend is the reason why this song exists now)

Una canción escrita para mi amigo. - A song written for my friend. (The song was dedicated to my friend)

✧ por + [place] = way, route (focus on direction, not destination)

Por aquí. - This way

Me fui por la avenida. - I went down the avenue. (The avenue was the way I chose to get to my destination.)

Lo vi cuando pasó por la ventana. - I saw him when he passed through the window. (My window wasn’t his destination)

Caminé por el parque y vi esta flor. - I walked through the park and I saw this flower. (I was walking around the park without a definite destination)

Ayer pasé por tu casa. - I passed by your house yesterday. (I was going to another place and casually your house was on my way).

Viajé por varios países. - I traveled around several countries. (I’m not specific about each country I visited)

¿Por dónde te vas a ir? - How are you going to go? (What’s the way you’re going to choose to go?)

✧ para + [place] = towards, “on my way to..” (focus on the destination)

Voy para el centro. - I’m going to downtown. (I’m on my way to downtown).

Nos vamos para Perú. - We’re going to Perú. (We’re on our way to Peru).

Viajamos para el Caribe en 30 minutos. - We travel to the Caribbean in 30 minutes. (On our way to the Caribbean in 30 minutes)

Voy para tu casa. - I’m on my way to your house.

¿Ya vienes para acá? - Are you coming here? (Are you on your way?)

✧ por + [time] = for, in (during)

Trabajé por 8 horas. - I worked for 8 hours.

Se fue por días. - He left for days.

Ha estado viajando por meses. - He/She has been traveling for months.

No lo vi por años. - I didn’t see him for years.

¿Por cuánto tiempo tienes que tomar los medicamentos? - For how long do you have to take the medications?

✧ para + [time] = due (deadline)

Tengo que terminar esto para las 8:00. - I need to finish this by 8:00.

La tarea es para el miércoles. - Homework is due Wednesday.

El proyecto es para la próxima semana. -The project is due next week.

Tengo que ahorrar 500 dólares para junio. - I need to save 500 DLS before June.

¿Para cuándo es la tarea? - When is the deadline for the homework?

✧ por + [method] = by

Te envié las fotos por correo electrónico. - I sent you the pictures by email.

Le hablé por teléfono. - I called her/him on the phone.

Lo contacté por Facebook. - I contacted him by Facebook.

¿Por dónde me mandaste los documentos? - How did you send me the documents? (Through what? what method?)

✧ por as cause

Por dormir en clase reprobé el examen. - Because I slept in class I failed the exam.

Lo has conseguido por todo tu esfuerzo. - You’ve got it because of all your effort.

Por comer mucho, ahora me duele el estómago. - Because I ate too much, my stomach hurts now.

✧ exchange / change + por

Quiero cambiar mis dólares por pesos mexicanos. - I want to exchange my dollars for Mexican pesos.

Te cambio tu sándwich por mi ensalada. - I’ll trade you my salad for your sandwich.

✧ gracias + por

Gracias por ayudarme. - Thank you for helping me.

Gracias por la comida. - Thank you for the meal.

Gracias por todo. - Thank you for everything.

More examples with gracias + por.

✧ para as goal

Trabajo todos los días para ganar dinero. - I work everyday to make money.

Hago ejercicio para bajar de peso. - I exercise to lose weight.

Practico para mejorar. - I practice to get better.

Co-ords   //   Co-ords

Co-ords   //   Hoodie

Hoodie   //   Hoodie

Hoodie   //   Hoodie

Hoodie   //   Co-ords

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Aries Horoscope

(Mar 21 – Apr 19)

No matter how busy your schedule is today, it’s time to stop and reassess your current trajectory. Although the impetuous Aries Moon can trick you into thinking you should bolt ahead, you might end up missing what’s right in front of your nose. Instead of wasting your energy starting projects that lead nowhere, visualize your final destination and create a viable plan to achieve your dreams. Establishing a steady pace is one essential element of your success, but knowing exactly where you want to go makes all the difference in the world.

Taurus Horoscope

(Apr 20 – May 20)

You might not feel very motivated today, even if you know fulfilling your obligations should be your top priority. You’re lost in your own dream world, which isn’t necessarily a bad thing if it doesn’t keep you from accepting responsibility for your actions. It’s tricky to determine your limits on your own now, but it’s possible to still find time to relax in between meeting your commitments. Thankfully, you can rely on someone you trust to provide you with the objectivity that you currently lack. Striking the right balance between work and play is a lifelong challenge.

Gemini Horoscope

(May 21 – Jun 20)

You’re ready to say yes to nearly anything today. Fortunately, the enterprising Aries Moon sparks your enthusiasm to deliver on a promise. However, you might inadvertently deceive yourself if you don’t take time to consciously separate the facts from the fantasies. This temporary lack of clarity doesn’t mean that you should say no to an intriguing opportunity or an enticing invitation. Just make sure you have an escape route so you can bail, if necessary. There’s no point in participating if it isn’t in your best interest. Taking action is more effective if you do it sooner than later.

Cancer Horoscope

(Jun 21 – Jul 22)

Your personal growth may be impeded by a few obstacles now and it’s time to face these lingering issues once and for all. The most effective way to overcome your internal resistance is to get creative about reaching your goals. Cerebral Mercury’s shift into your inner-directed sign strengthens your ability to direct your thoughts. Imagining the best-case scenarios for your future helps you focus on the positive potential rather than worrying about what could go wrong. Good times are calling; making progress in the safety of your own mind today sets the stage for progress in the real world tomorrow.

Leo Horoscope

(Jul 23 – Aug 22)

Conflicting voices in your head are giving you very different advice today. One is telling you that life is beautiful and you should seize this lovely opportunity to indulge your fantasies. However, your voice of maturity warns that the pursuit of pleasure isn’t currently wise. You have too much work to do and there’s no time to slack off. Honestly, picking one strategy over the other isn’t healthy; your only logical move is to forge a middle path. Your unique formula for success is to balance your need to be a responsible adult with your current yearning to let your inner child out to play.

Virgo Horoscope

(Aug 23 – Sep 22)

Opportunities are knocking loudly at your door today as messenger Mercury enters your 11th House of Long-Term Goals. Nevertheless, achieving your objectives requires more time than you prefer. Even if you envision minor problems ahead, take a chance and go after what you want anyhow. Just make sure you’re not missing any important details that could trip you up later on. Although it’s not your usual style, you can exaggerate the current potential if you don’t stay grounded in reality. Your enthusiasm is commendable, but a little practicality now contributes toward your future success.

Libra Horoscope

(Sep 23 – Oct 22)

Your expectations may be outrageously unrealistic while sexy Mars trines surreal Neptune. It’s one thing to use dreams as a source of inspiration, but you need to exercise caution or you could set yourself up for disappointment. Your flexible attitude enables you to easily accommodate changes in other people’s plans that impact yours, but it still might be hard to get motivated now. Thankfully, your friendly approach can rub off on those around you, creating a supportive atmosphere for all involved. There are lessons to be learned on this journey that can’t be rushed.

Scorpio Horoscope

(Oct 23 – Nov 21)

You can’t wait to manifest the big ideas you have planned for the day, but everything seems to move at a snail’s pace. Your frustration could complicate matters further unless you consciously choose to accept delays that are out of your control with a sense of humor. Fortunately, you can set a positive spin on your life by realigning your expectations and acknowledging that you might not finish everything on schedule. Pushing the river won’t help it reach the sea any quicker, but changing your attitude to one of patience and gratitude will help you to make the most of the ride.

Sagittarius Horoscope

(Nov 22 – Dec 21)

Constraining your excitement about what you hope to accomplish is difficult, but the day’s events require you to tone down your initial enthusiasm just a notch. Your intentions may be honorable, but you might discover that you have bitten off more than you can chew now. Don’t waste time kicking yourself if you aren’t living up to your high ideals. Your knack for seeing the glass as half full rather than half empty is one of your strengths. Use your natural optimism to propel your progress in the days ahead.

Capricorn Horoscope

(Dec 22 – Jan 19)

Your modus operandi is to rely on your common sense to guide you along the most efficient path. But you are uncharacteristically inclined to stray off course today as you imagine all the enjoyable activities you could be spending your time on, instead. Nevertheless, consider where you want to be in the long run and develop a concrete plan to reach your destination. There’s no hurry, so start off slowly and set a sustainable pace that allows you the chance to enjoy the scenery along the way.

Aquarius Horoscope

(Jan 20 – Feb 18)

Finding the physical stamina necessary to complete your chores is challenging while fuzzy Neptune diffuses energetic Mars. Your attention meanders off into fantasyland, leaving you feeling lost in space. You might even convince yourself that you can let the day slide by without doing much of anything at all. Nevertheless, you’re capable of busting through the fog and emerging a hero, but it will require both intention and discipline. If you set your priorities early in the day and tenaciously focus on your goals, your persistence will pay off in ways you can’t imagine.

Pisces Horoscope

(Feb 19 – Mar 20)

You’re trying to build a bridge to your dreams step by step, one stone at a time. Although the ground beneath your feet is not as solid as you wish, a well-constructed foundation will be strong enough to support you. You are inflating your visions of the future today, like a child blows up a balloon. Unfortunately, it’s nearly impossible to determine rational limits now. You may not find satisfaction if you assume the solution is right around the next corner. Happiness can only be found in the present moment when you begin to count your blessings.

Source : Rick Levine