10 Fun and Easy Electronic Circuit Projects for Beginners
Check out the interesting electronics journey via these beginner projects! Learn about potentiometers, LED blinkers and simple amplifiers. Get hands on how mechanics of electronics work. Novices would definitely love doing these projects as they are both fun and medium to learn about circuitry
1. Low Power 3-Bit Encoder Design using Memristor
The design of an encoder in three distinct configurations—CMOS, Memristor, and Pseudo NMOS—is presented in this work. Three bits are used in the design of the encoder. Compared to cmos and pseudo-nmos logic, the suggested 3-bit encoder that uses memristor logic uses less power. With LTspice, the complete encoder schematic in all three configurations is simulated.
2. A Reliable Low Standby Power 10T SRAM Cell with Expanded Static Noise Margins
The low standby power 10T (LP10T) SRAM cell with strong read stability and write-ability (RSNM/WSNM/WM) is investigated in this work. The Schmitt-trigger inverter with a double-length pull-up transistor and the regular inverter with a stacking transistor make up the robust cross-coupled construction of the suggested LP10T SRAM cell. The read-disturbance is eliminated by this with the read path being isolated from real internal storage nodes. Additionally, it uses a write-assist approach to write in pseudo differential form using a write bit line and control signal. H-Spice/tanner 16mm CMOS Technology was used to simulate this entire design.
3. A Unified NVRAM and TRNG in Standard CMOS Technology
The various keys needed for cryptography and device authentication are provided by the True Random Number Generator (TRNG). The TRNG is usually integrated into the systems as a stand-alone module, which expands the scope and intricacy of the implementation. Furthermore, in order to support various applications, the system must store the key produced by the TRNG in non-volatile memory. However, in order to build a Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM), further technological capabilities are needed, which are either costly or unavailable.
4. High-Speed Grouping and Decomposition Multiplier for Binary Multiplication
The study introduces a high-speed grouping and decomposition multiplier as a revolutionary method of binary multiplication. To lower the number of partial products and critical path time, the suggested multiplier combines the Wallace tree and Dadda multiplier with an innovative grouping and decomposition method. This adder's whole design is built on GDI logic. The suggested design is tested against the most recent binary multipliers utilizing 180mm CMOS technology.
5. Novel Memristor-based Nonvolatile D Latch and Flip-flop Designs
The basic components of practically all digital electrical systems with memory are sequential devices. Recent research and practice in integrating nonvolatile memristors into CMOS devices is motivated by the necessity of sequential devices having the nonvolatile property due to the critical nature of instantaneous data recovery following unforeseen data loss, such as an unplanned power outage.
6. Ultra-Efficient Nonvolatile Approximate Full-Adder with Spin-Hall-Assisted MTJ Cells for In-Memory Computing Applications
With a reasonable error rate, approximate computing seeks to lower digital systems' power usage and design complexity. Two extremely effective magnetic approximation full adders for computing-in-memory applications are shown in this project. To enable non-volatility, the suggested ultra-efficient full adder blocks are connected to a memory cell based on Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ).
7. Improved High Speed or Low Complexity Memristor-based Content Addressable Memory (MCAM) Cell
This study proposes a novel method for nonvolatile Memristor-based Content Addressable Memory MCAM cells that combine CMOS processing technology with Memristor to provide low power dissipation, high packing density, and fast read/write operations. The suggested cell has CMOS controlling circuitry that uses latching to reduce writing time, and it only has two memristors for the memory cell.
8. Data Retention based Low Leakage Power TCAM for Network Packet Routing
To lessen the leakage power squandered in the TCAM memory, a new state-preserved technique called Data Retention based TCAM (DR-TCAM) is proposed in this study. Because of its excellent lookup performance, the Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) is frequently employed in routing tables. On the other hand, a high number of transistors would result in a significant power consumption for TCAM. The DR-TCAM can dynamically adjust the mask cells' power supply to lower the TCAM leakage power based on the continuous characteristic of the mask data. In particular, the DR-TCAM would not erase the mask data. The outcomes of the simulation demonstrate that the DR-TCAM outperforms the most advanced systems. The DR-TCAM consumes less electricity than the conventional TCAM architecture.
9. One-Sided Schmitt-Trigger-Based 9T SRAM Cell for NearThreshold Operation
This study provides a bit-interleaving structure without write-back scheme for a one-sided Schmitt-trigger based 9T static random access memory cell with excellent read stability, write ability, and hold stability yields and low energy consumption. The suggested Schmitt-trigger-based 9T static random access memory cell uses a one-sided Schmitt-trigger inverter with a single bit-line topology to provide a high read stability yield. Furthermore, by utilizing selective power gating and a Schmitt-trigger inverter write aid technique that regulates the Schmitt-trigger inverter's trip voltage, the write ability yield is enhanced.
10. Effective Low Leakage 6T and 8T FinFET SRAMs: Using Cells With Reverse-Biased FinFETs, Near-Threshold Operation, and Power Gating In this project, power gating is frequently utilized to lower SRAM memory leakage current, which significantly affects SRAM energy usage. After reviewing power gating FinFET SRAMs, we assess three methods for lowering the energy-delay product (EDP) and leakage power of six- and eight-transistor (6T, 8T) FinFET SRAM cells. We examine the differences in EDP savings between (1) power gating FinFETs, (2) near threshold operation, and alternative SRAM cells with low power (LP) and shorted gate (SG) FinFET configurations; the LP configuration reverse-biases the back gate of a FinFET and can cut leakage current by as much as 97%. Higher leakage SRAM cells get the most from power gating since their leakage current is reduced to the greatest extent. Several SRAM cells can save more leakage current by sharing power gating transistors. MORE INFO
