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The Palestinian-Israeli conflict has its roots in the early 20th century, the conflict's historical origins can be traced back to the British-French division of the land and its impact on the Ottoman Arabs.

British-French Division (1916-1918): The conflict rose during World War I, when the British and French governments engaged in negotiations resulting in the Sykes-Picot Agreement. This agreement was a secret treaty created to divide the territories of the Ottoman Empire in the Middle East. Under this arrangement, the British gained control over areas that would later become Israel, Jordan, and southern Iraq, while the French were tasked with administering modern-day Syria and Lebanon.

The Balfour Declaration (1917): Concurrent with these political developments, the British government issued the Balfour Declaration in 1917. This declaration was created to support the establishment of a "national home for the Jewish people" in Palestine. This commitment was viewed as a promise of land for both Jewish immigrants and the Arab population already residing there. The British-French division of the land and the Balfour Declaration caused the Ottoman Arabs to react to these developments. The Arab population decided to revolt, known as the Great Arab Revolt. These revolts had a goal of achieving independence on their own land by challenging both the Ottoman and British rule in the region.

Following World War I, the League of Nations, which was an international organization established after the war to promote peace and cooperation among nations, assigned Britain with a mandate to govern Palestine. This essentially meant that the League of Nations authorized Britain to govern the region. During this period, there was a significant increase in the number of Jewish immigrants relocating to Palestine. This influx of Jewish immigrants sparked the existing tensions and resulted in violent clashes between the Jewish and Arab communities in the region. In essence, the League of Nations granted Britain the authority to govern Palestine, and this era marked a turning point in the history of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict.

The situation continued to evolve, and in 1947, the United Nations introduced a plan to partition Palestine into separate Jewish and Arab states, with international administration over Jerusalem. Although this plan received acceptance from the Jewish leadership, it was met with rejection by Arab states, precipitating the First Arab-Israeli War. The 1948 war resulted in the establishment of the State of Israel, with Palestinian territories coming under Israeli control.