A place for everyone wanting to learn Japanese or anything about Japan on tumblr. We're willing to do any translations (leave links in our askbox) as well as answer any questions you may have. Any suggestions and ideas are appreciated! Don't hesitate to start up a japanese conversation with us!
Admin:
Mai Asaba - totoro-no-mori.tumblr.com
Mako - makochantachibanana.tumblr.com
Chiku- maniizu.tumblr.com
Ashina - ousamatobio.tumblr.com
Nati - natiterum.tumblr.com
Hi! I'm having some trouble with the result state of verb tenses. E.g: to me 太っている means someone is fat now and 太った means someone was fat before. It seems it isn't that simple and 太った can mean that someone got fat and is still fat (?), having a similar result state to 太っている. It's these kinds of things that I'm confused about. So I was wondering if you could help me understand the implications behind all tenses for transitive (e.g. 食べる) and intransitive (e.g 太る) verbs generally? Thank you!!!!!!!!
Sorry for the super late reply! >.<
The 太った just means that someone was fat, and the 太っている (or 太っています for a much formal tone) indicates someone’s current status “I am (currently) fat”
Look at it this way: You ask a teacher about what they (currently) teach, and they would respond “I teach English/I’m teaching English” or 英語を教えている (eigo o oshieteiru).
the “-teiru/-teimasu” is basically the -ing. E.g: I’m reading a book
This indicates what the person is doing or what their current status is
“I’m (currently) married” “I’m study French in college”
I hope this makes sense since it’s a bit confusing, but once you figure it out it gets a little better over time >.<
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how would you say, "I know a little Japanese and i'm teaching myself"? there are a bunch of Japanese speakers at a place I volunteer at and i wanna communicate with them
For the first part of the sentence: I know a little Japanese-->Watashi wa nihongo wo sukoshi shitteimasu (私は日本語を少し知っています。)For the second part: I'm teaching myself--> Jibun (myself) wo oshieteimasu (自分をおしえています。)I'm still not entrely sure about compound sentences, but hopefully our other admins will help out ^^-Mako
hello! so, i keep seeing this japanese symbol that's hand written and i have NO idea what it could possible be?? it looks like a 3 with a line through the bottom loop and ?? i don't know? do you guys happen to?
I only know limited vocabulary and a few basic sentence patterns. I tried to translate it using google translate and I do not know if the translation is on point.. I am sorry for the inconvenience.. Thank you!!!! I could not post a link in your askbox and my essay won't fit.. In what way can I ask help... :(
Below is the essay that you sent. You say that you know limited vocabulary and sentence structures, so some of the words and sentence structures that I use below may not be appropriate for your level (and your teacher will probably notice that you didn’t write it yourself). Some of the things that you want to say do require some structures and words that you may or may not know. If there is anything that you do not understand, then please send a message.
Original Essay:
Hajimemashite! Watashi wa Esutoria Ramosu desu. Gomen, watashi wa Nihongo ga heta desu.
I have been studying Nihongo for months but still it is a hard language. Nihongo is difficult. I learned a lot from our sensei from the vocabulary up to the sentence patterns. But above all, the things she taught us, my favorite subject is numbers. I enjoy translating numbers to Nihongo. For example, today is March 17, 2015 which in Nihongo is kyou wa nisenjyuugonen sangatsu jyuushichinichi desu. But I still have a hard time translating it, I still need guidance.
Learning a foreign language is not easy at all. It involves discipline and accuracy because it can easily be misinterpreted by other people.
I really salute people who know how to speak and write foreign languages.
Translation (With Hiragana transcription under all of this):
はじめまして！ 私の名前はエストリア・ラモスです。日本語はあまり上手ではなくてすみませんでした。
何ヶ月前、日本語を勉強し始めましたが、今でも難しい言語です。けれど、先生のおかげで色々なことを学びました。例えば、単語や文法などです。その上、最もおもしろい学んだことは日本語の数字です。英語から日本語に数字を翻訳することが好きです。 例えば、「Today is March 17, 2015」は「今日は２０１５年３月１７日です」に当たる日本語の文です。 ですが、私にはこんなことを翻訳するのはまだ難しいから、指導することが必要だと思います。
なんかげつまえ、にほんごをべんきょうしはじめましたが、いまでもむずかしいげんごです。けれど、せんせいのおかげでいろいろなことをまなびました。たとえば、たんごやぶんぽうなどです。そのうえ、もっともおもしろいまなんだことはにほんごのすうじです。えいごからにほんごにすうじをほんやくすることがすきです。 たとえば、「Today is March 17, 2015」は「きょうは２０１５年３がつ１７にちです」にあたるにほんごのぶんです。 ですが、わたしにはこんなことをほんやくするのはまだむずかしいから、しどうすることがひつようだとおもいます。
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Hello! I would like to ask a nice speech piece that I could share in front of our Japanese language class :) Looking forward to your reply :) Thank you so much!! :)
We would LOVE to help you write it but we also have no idea what you want us to do. Could you please provide more details?
If you’re asking us to write it for you, I’m afraid that we can’t do that.
At the end of every sentence in polite speech (teineigo).
You may drop it when you get more casual with your peers and colleagues (thought it’d be comes だ so you’d be speaking it in a different form).
You also shouldn’t be speaking politely to your (blood) family and relatives (unless you hate them with a burning passion or something I dunno??).
It is honestly the easiest thing to remember so if you’re ever confused on what sort of level of politeness to use, です is always the way to go and the easiest way to go.
Can u please post some vocabulary for different emotions and the verbs u use them with? ありがとう
Sorry this took a while to answer. However, below are some emotions that you can add to your vocabulary. Some of these words are adjectives while others are verbs. And, of course, this is by no means a complete list. Emotions:
嬉しい（うれしい） happy
悲しい（かなしい） sad
寂しい （さみしい） lonely
怒っている （おこっている） to be angry
腹が立つ （はらがたつ） to be angry, to take offence
頭に来る（あたまにくる） to be really really mad
疲れている （つかれている） to be exhausted
ワクワクしている to be excited, nervous
盛り上がる（もりあがる） to turn up (to get excited)
恥ずかしい（はずかしい） to be embarrassed/shy
お腹が空く （おなかがすく） to be hungry
悩む（なやむ）／心配している（しんぱいしている） to worry
怖じる（おじる） to be scared
ビックリする to be surprised
無力感する（むりょうかんする） to feel helpless/to have a sense of helplessness
喜ぶ（よろこぶ） to be delighted
気が短い（きがみじかい） to be short-tempered
気が長い（きがながい） to be patient
我慢強い（がまんづよい） to be very patient / to be persevering
気が狂う（きがくるう）to go crazy
気が散る（きがちる） to be distracted
落ち着く（おちつく） to calm down
悔しい（くやしい） to be regretful (like you were so close to doing something but it didn’t work out)
Hello! If you go onto the nihongo network homepage, and you have a header bar (FAQ, Ask etc.), there is a japanese writing tab/page. Alternatively: nihongonetwork(.)tumblr(.)com(/)writing At the bottom there is a link to jiten(.)net which doesn't work (domain for sale)
Oh, thanks for telling us! The dead link will be removed!
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could you tell me a bit about onyomi and kunyomi readings???
Ah, kanji and its onyomi and kunyomi readings. Hopefully this will be easy to understand and grasp as to why they exist.
But first, I need to make an analogy. English is a Germanic language, which simply means gramatically and syntactically it is similar to German. However, as we all know, English has a lot of loan words, loan words from French, Spanish, Latin, etc. But, nonetheless, it is a Germanic language.
Another analogy would be that you are genetically related to your parents, no doubt. Some of their mannerisms, words they like to use over others, and how they speak were passed on to you because you imitated the way your parents spoke. But, obviously, you don’t speak EXACTLY the same as your parents. You’ve certainly picked up the slang of this generation and any other mannerisms from friends. However, that does not mean you’re related to your friends; all it shows is influence. You are still genetically related to your parents.
Similarly, Japanese also has loan words from other languages. Nowadays, they are written in katakana to show that they are loan words.
Where is this going, you may be wondering.
Well, long, long ago, before Japanese had a standard writing system (which didn’t happen until the 20th century) Japanese got Chinese loan words. (And just to be clear, Japanese is not a Sino-Tibetan language like Chinese is, it just has Chinese loan words. It isn’t ‘genetically’ related to Chinese at all, just how English isn’t ‘genetically’ related to Latin, French, etc.).
To signify that these words were Chinese in origin, the Japanese used kanji to write them. And however the Chinese pronounced the characters back then became the ONYOMI reading, over time, for kanji that we know today. This is why there are usually at most 2 (but usually 1) ONYOMI readings for kanji. (Gemination pronunciation rules and rendaku (sequential voicing) pronunciation rules will sometimes ‘make’ more pronunciations, but just recognize that they are derivatives of the main pronunciations)
But what about KUNYOMI? Because Japanese is its own language (and not related to Chinese), it had words for things and objects long before Chinese loan words entered the language. However, whenever a Japanese-native word shared the SAME meaning with a Chinese loan word (or just a singular KANJI), that reading too became part of the kanji. This is why kanji has KUNYOMI readings.
Furthermore, Japanese has had dialects for, like, ever. Each region pronounced some words differently than others, but there were obvious general trends for certain areas of the country. These words were still Japanese-native, so every area’s pronunciation also became the KUNYOMI readings for Japanese over a long period of time. This is why many kanji have multiple KUNYOMI readings.
Kanji that just have a singular ONYOMI reading and no KUNYOMI reading was a Chinese loan word (as explained earlier) that never had an equivalent Japanese-native word. Kanji that just have a singular KUNYOMI and no ONYOMI reading are kokuji, Japanese created kanji. Kokuji can sometimes have an ONYOMI reading attached to it over time, especially if it shares a radical that many other kanji have. A list of kokuji is here. Any kokuji that has a reading in KATAKANA indicates its ONYOMI reading. That onyomi reading was attached over time. (Standard convention is to write a kanji’s ONYOMI with KATAKANA and its KUNYOMI with HIRAGANA.)
I think that’s all to say about KUNYOMI and ONYOMI kanji readings. Hopefully all of this made sense.
What is the proper term for "lewd" (the dictionary gave me more than one) In terms of something that is overtly sexual (the most similar to the english meaning)
Thanks for the ask!
I’m assuming that the English-Japanese dictionary returned the following as lewd:わいせつ（な）、みだら（な）、下劣（な）、放蕩（な）(All of which are na-adjectives.)So, let’s get to the bottom of this. Using the results from a Japanese-English dictionary, we can then use a monolingual Japanese dictionary to get clear definitions for each of these words.(The monolingual dictionary I’ll use is sanseido.net )1. わいせつDefinition: 性欲をそそるようなこと。みだらなこと。Translation: Enticing sexual desire. Obscene; lewd.**What’s interesting about this definition is that it uses みだら in its definition… so let’s continue.**
2. みだらDefinition: 性的に乱れているようすTranslation: A sexually confusing (disorderly) situation (circumstances).3. 下劣（げれつ）Definition: 下品で卑しいTranslation: Inferior and vulgar(coarse, crude).4. 放蕩（ほうとう）Definition: 酒色にふけること。Translation: Indulging in sensual pleasures.So of these 4, words 1 and 4 are probably what you are looking for. Personally, I think word 1, わいせつ, is the one you’d want to use.
(Sidenote: Monolingual dictionaries will now be added to the resource list. sanseido.net isn’t the only Japanese monolingual dictionary out there. There are 2 more that I’ve found that I sometimes use, which are dictionary.goo.ne.jp and kotobank.jp . While these are good dictionaries, I haven’t been able to find much more. If any of you find anymore, please share them, and I’ll add them to the resource list.)-Nati
For the people that want to learn Japanese overseas, AFU and YFU offer some scholarships to study Japanese (sometimes they are location specific; one of them is in Okinawa). If your parent works for a Japanese based company then you can apply for a lot of scholarships. In Virginia there is also a summertime pre-college program called the Governor's Language Academy. There are similar things in other states. There is also High School Diplomats which is a cultural exchange. 頑張ってね！
Hi, I'm entering a Japanese speech competition in a few months and I was hoping you could tell me how to say "thank you for listening to my speech" in a polite way? One way I have written down is ご成長ありがとうございます does that sound too stiff/unnatural? Thank you!!
In this sort of situation, I believe changing the verb 聞く into its keigo form would be an appropriate thing to do so any of the following below should suffice. (Note that you don’t need to use the word 演説（えんぜつ） (speech) below because it’s implied that your listeners were listening to your speech)**They all mean “Thank you for listening (to my speech).”
お聞きいただいてありがとうございます。okiki itadaite arigatou gozaimasu.お聞きになってくださり、ありがとうございました。okiki ni natte kudasari, arigatou gozaimashita.If you don’t know how to change a verb into its keigo (sonkeigo/kenjougo) form, I go over it here (it starts after the first third of the reply [will open in new tab]).-Nati
Hi there! I was just wondering is there a big difference between 遅れる and 遅刻する ? And how do you use them in a sentence as "I'm late to school" (the typical anime line) ? Happy belated new year to you all!!
遅れる (okureru) - To be late/delayed/etc - intransitive verb (meaning that the object has no direct influence in the action)
遅刻する (chikoku suru) - (the action of) Lateness/tardiness
Dictionary definition wise, that's the difference. Likewise, they both can be translated as being late to something but the main difference is kind of like saying "I am late to something" vs. "I'm going to be tardy to something"
Likewise, you wouldn't actually use 遅れる when describing that YOU are going to be late. You may use that when you are going to describe someone else for being late or being late in the sense that you're not the one causing it, like a traffic jam or an accident.
At least from what I know, the sentence will end up being:
学校に遅くなる (gakkou ni osoku naru) "I will become late to school."
As for the other word:
学校を遅刻する (gakkou (w)o chikoku suru) "I will be tardy/late for school."
I am not the best person at explaining things but I hope you get the point I'm trying to get out here.
These are all very literal translations of what I have typed but they still translate to "I'll be late to school."
I used dictionary form in forming the sentences as well so it's not the literal "I'm late to school."
Though as of the moment, I don't think I can conjure up a more closer translation (because I'm actually really tired and braindead) to "I'm late to school."
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a while back you mentioned needing to know a certain amount of base kanji, but do I need to know how to say all of them and what they mean? or is it just for writing other kanji?
Very good question. Hm, I would say you would need to know the following:1. The kanji’s most common onyomi and kunyomi readings. (Some kanji will list many readings, but in reality, only about 2-3 are used frequently and the rest in certain situations)2. The kanji’s main English meaning by itself AND if it has a different meaning when used as a radical. For example 月（つき,tsuki) by itself means moon. However, when it is used as a radical (which is when it’s used in more complex kanji), it tends to mean organs such as in the kanji for 胃（い, (medical term for) stomach), 肺（はい, lungs), 心臓（しんぞう, (medical term for) heart), 脳（のう, (medical term for) brain). etc etc.Another example is 心（こころ, heart). When it’s used as a radical (as 忄 as 心 or as ⺗), it tends to deal with emotions, such as 悲しい（かなしい, sad）, 情（じょう, emotion), 恥ずかしい（はずかしい, embarrassing), etc. etc.3. To go along with number 1, kanji that are left-to-right—such as 肺, 情, 恥, and not 胃 (which is up-to-down)—have a cool feature about them. The left hand part of the kanji tells you about meaning (which I kind of delved into in point number two) while the right hand part of the kanji tells you about how to pronounce its onyomi.Look at the following kanji below:白 (white)It’s kunyomi is しろ (shiro) while it’s onyomi is ハク(haku).Now look at the following group of kanji below:拍 (clap)伯 (a count, an earl)泊 (to stay the night, counter for nights stayed somewhere)柏 (birch tree)As you can see they all contain 白 on the right hand part of the kanji. And, all of their onyomi pronunciation is ハク(haku). Even if you didn’t know what they mean in English, you can probably correctly guess their onyomi pronunciation just by knowing that 白 was pronounced as ハク(haku).In fact, a lot of left-to-right kanji do this. If you know how one is pronounced and it just so happens that you find another kanji that has the same right-hand-part, you’ll probably be able to pronounce it.
I got this list from this page, and I tend to use this method to learn kanji more efficently. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_table_of_Japanese_kanji_radicalsThe following 48 most frequent radicals, when combined in as many ways possible, make up SEVENTY-FIVE percent (1,602) of the 2136 Joyo kanji. ***The kanji that have a slash (such as 水/氵)indicates that the second option is used as a radical when it is on the left hand part of the kanji.This kanji’s radical appears at the top 竹・⺮ while this kanji’s alternate radical appears at the bottom: 火/灬
口 (くち) mouth
水/氵 (みず) water
木 (き) tree
人/亻 (ひと) person
手/扌 (て) hand
心/忄/⺗ (こころ) heart
言 (こと) word
日 (ひ/にち) sun/day
糸・幺 (いと) thread
肉･月 (にく・つき) meat/organ (moon)
土 (つち) ground
⻌ go/road radical
艹 grass/plant radical
宀 roof/crown radical
貝 (かい) shell
女 (おんな) woman
阝 village (if on righthand part of the radical), wall (if on lefthand part)
金 (きん) gold/metal
一 (いち) one
刀/刂 (かたな) sword
十 (じゅう) ten
田 (た) rice field
火/灬 (ひ/か) fire
大 (おお) big
山 (やま) mountain
食 / 飠 (しょく) eat, food
車 (くるま) vehicle
彳 walking person radical
目 (め) eye
雨 (あめ) rain
犬 / 犭 (いぬ) dog
玉（王） (たま・おう) king / ball (jewel)
石 (いし) stone
力 (ちから) power
衣/衤 (ころも) garment
弓 (ゆみ) bow
竹・⺮ (たけ) bamboo
又 (また) again
攵/夂 action radical
示/礻 (しめす) show on an altar radical
酉 (とり) alcohol radical
囗 (くにがまえ) enclosure radical
禾 grain radical
广 building on a cliff radical
疒 sickness radical
巾 (きん/はば) cloth radical
尸 (し) corpse radical
寸 (すん) inch/sundial degree radical
The complete list of the 79 radicals that pretty much make up 100% of Joyo kanji is here:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_table_of_Japanese_kanji_radicals#The_79_Radicals
What's the difference between all the different conditional tenses in Japanese? Like what's the difference between 〜たら and 〜ければ?
There are 4 different ways (well 6, but they can be grouped) to express condition in Japanese:
1. なら (nara) ／～たら (-tara)
2. ～ば (-ba)
3. 場合（ばあい, baai）／時（とき, toki）
4. と (to)
I tend to make long posts (and this post isn’t an exception), and I’m sorry for that! Click read more and I hope I clear up any confusion you might have.
-Nati
—-
※※※ 1. なら／～たら ※※※Nara and -tara have to be talked about together. They both can be translated as if, yet there are subtle differences between the two.
(Tara can also be translated as when in certain circumstances. Nara can never be translated as when, only as if)
The difference is when the actions in the sentence take place. One way to know when to use one over the other is to split your sentence in two, as follows: A nara/-tara, B.
If part A of the sentence happens before part B of the sentence happens, use -tara.
If part B of the sentence happens before part A of the sentence happens, use nara. Here’s some examples of what I mean. The first sentence uses tara the second uses nara: 1. 卒業したら、日本の会社で動きたいと思っています。(sotsugyou shitara, nihon no kaisha de ugokitai to omotte imasu.) I’m thinking about working for a Japanese company when(after) I graduate.
In this case, graduation has to take place before you work for a company. In other words, tara must be used for completed actions.
2. 留学する（の）なら、パスポートを取っておかなくてはいけませんね。(ryuugaku suru [no] nara, pasupooto wo totte okanakute wa ikemasen ne.) You need to take (lit. hold on to) your passport if you are going to study abroad.
In this case, part B of the sentence takes place before part A. After all, you need to take your passport with you before you get on the plane to go studying abroad. In other words nara makes the assumption “if (it is true that)”.
Furthermore, の is used when it’s referencing a previous sentence. Say that the above sentence was said after someone told you that they were thinking of going abroad. Then you would need to use の. Additionally, usually the word もし (moshi) is placed at the beginning of the part of the sentence that uses nara or tara. It is used to emphasize the conditional part of the sentence as well as tell the speaker that nara/tara is coming in the sentence.So the sentences above can also be phrased as such:もし卒業したら、日本の会社で動きたいと思っています。もし留学する（の）なら、パスポートを取っておかなくてはいけませんね。
※※※ 2. ～ば ※※※
Ba is mainly translated as if, and sometimes as when.
-How to conjugate to ば form- (Note: する and 来る are not irregular in this form. Treat them as ru verbs) For う (u) verbs: Drop the final ～ぅ(u) and replace it with ～ぇば (-eba) ie. 買う(kau) → 買えば (kaeba)
For る (ru) verbs: Drop the final ～る(ru) and replace it with ～れば (-reba) ie. 見る (miru) → 見れば (mireba)
For イ (i) adjectives: Drop the final ～い (i) and replace it with ～ければ (-kereba) ie. 速い(hayai) → 速ければ(hayakereba) For u- and ru-verbs that are in their plain negative form (meaning they end in ない), treat it as an i-adjective: 買う(kau) → 買わない(kawanai) → 買わなければ(kawanakereba) 見る(miru) → 見ない(minai) → 見なければ(minakereba)
For i-adjectives that are in their negative form, treat it as you would normally: 速い(hayai) → 速くない(hayakunai) → 速くなければ(hayakunakereba)
For ナ (na) adjectives and nouns: Without な at the end of the adjective, put either なら or だったら according to your situation at the end of the adjective (as explained above). For nouns, just add it to the end
And for the negative, put でなければ after it: Adj: 静か(shizuka) → 静かでなければ(shizuka de nakareba) Adj: 綺麗(kirei) → 綺麗でなければ(kirei de nakereba) Noun: 雪(yuki) → 雪でなければ(yuki de nakereba)
Ba is very very useful. The only restriction is that you cannot use it when the main clause of a sentence contains a command, suggestion, permission, or prohibition UNLESS:
The conditional is an i-adjective
The conditional is using the verb aru/iru
The conditional is in its negative form
If you aren’t sure if you can use ば you can always substitute it with たら.
※※※ 3. 場合（ばあい, baai）／時（とき, toki） ※※※
Baai is translated as in the case of/in the case that. Toki is translated as (when used in a conditional phrase) when and rarely if. It literally means time/at the time of.
Baai, toki, and to (which is explained below) are by far the easiest to “conjugate” into. Actually, there is no conjugation for those three. You can literally just put it after the verb, noun, or ajective.
For u- and ru-verbs: Keep the verb in plain form. Put either baai or toki right after it: 買う(kau) → 買う場合(kau baai)／買う時(toki) 見る(miru) → 見る場合(miru baai)／見る時(miru toki)
For i-adjectives: Put baai or toki right after it: 速い(hayai) → 速い場合(hayai baai)／速い時(hayai toki)
For na-adjectives:
Almost the same as the others, but keep na. 静かな(shizuka na) → 静かな場合 (shizuka na baai)／静かな時 (shizuka na toki) 綺麗な(kirei na) → 綺麗な場合(kirei na baai)／綺麗な時(kirei na toki)
For nouns: Almost the same as the others, but add no before adding baai/toki. 雪(yuki) → 雪の場合(yuki no baai)／雪の時(yuki no toki)
Toki and baai can be interchanged. However, you cannot interchange toki with baai when toki cannot be translated as “in the case that/in the case of”. For example: You can replace toki with baai in this sentence: コンピューターが壊れた時／場合にはこの番号に電話して下さいと言われた。(konpyuutaa ga kowareta toki/baai ni wa kono bangou ni denwa shite kudasai to iwareta.)I was told to please dial this number when(in case/if) my computer broke. But you cannot replace toki with baai in this sentence: この間、コンピューターが壊れた時、リーさんが直しに来てくれた。(kono aida, konpyuutaa ga kowareta toki, rii-san ga naoshi ni kite kureta.)During that time, Lee came to fix my computer when it broke. It also sounds weird if you try to replace the word ‘when’ with ‘if’ in the English translation.
※※※ 4. と (to) ※※※
To can be translated as if, when, or whenever.
It can be used when something habitual/natural happens, 春になると花が咲きます。 (haru ni naru to hana ga sakimasu.)Flowers bloom when spring comes.
It can be used to give instructions, (this gives the nuance that once you do an action, immediately something will happen after doing that action): このボタンを押すと音が聞こえます。 (kono botan wo osu to oto ga kikoemasu.)When/If/Whenever you press this button, you’ll hear a sound
or it can be used to give an opinion. 雨が降らないといいです。 (ame ga furanai to ii desu.)I hope it doesn’t rain (lit. When/If/Whenever it doesn't rain, it is good)
However it cannot be used to suggest, request, permit, or prohibit.
Getting a verb, noun, or an adjective into to form is easy. Mainly, all you have to do is put to after it.
For verbs: Leave it in plain form. Add to immediately after it: 買う(kau) → 買うと(kau to) 見る(miru) → 見ると(miru to) For i-adjectives: Just add to after it: 速い(hayai) → 速いと(hayai to)
For na-adjectives and nouns: Add da before to. Don’t use na. 静か(shizuka) → 静かだと(shizuka da to) 綺麗(kirei) → 綺麗だと(kirei da to) 雪(yuki) → 雪だと(yuki da to)
