https://www.nraila.org/get-the-facts/assault-weapons-large-magazines/
⢠The congressionally-mandated study of the federal âassault weapon banâ of 1994-2004 found that the ban had no impact on crime, in part because âthe banned guns were never used in more than a modest fraction of gun murders.â (Urban Institute[1]) Rifles of any type are used in only two percent of murders. (FBI[2]) Subsequent research conducted by the RAND Corporation found no conclusive evidence that banning âassault weaponsâ or âlargeâ capacity magazines has an effect on mass shootings or violent crime.[3]
⢠âMurder rates were 19.3% higher when the Federal [assault weapon] ban was in effect.â[4]
⢠Americans own over eleven million AR-15s and buy hundreds of thousands of new ones every year. (NSSF[5])
⢠AR-15s are the most commonly used rifles in marksmanship competitions, training, and home defense.
⢠Total violent crime and murder has fallen to near historic lows, while ownership of the firearms and magazines that gun control supporters want banned has risen to all-time highs. (FBI,[6] NSSF[7])
⢠AR-15s and other semi-automatic rifles are not the fully-automatic, military-grade firearms they are often claimed to be by gun control supporters and the media.
⢠Ammunition magazines that hold more than 10 rounds are standard equipment for many handguns and rifles that Americans keep for self-defense.
⢠The terrorist attacks in France and Belgium show that gun bansâincluding those on semi-automatic firearms and standard-capacity magazinesâdonât prevent crime. In both countries, the ownership of firearms, including semi-automatics, is severely restricted.
⢠Gun control supporters are wrong to claim that âassault weaponsâ are used in most mass shootings. While the media focus on this false narrative, mass killings have been committed with firearms of all types, and without firearms of any type.
Second Amendment â Firearms that gun control supporters call âassault weaponsâ and ammunition magazines that they call âlargeâ are among the arms protected by the Second Amendment. Because theyâre among the arms that are most useful for the entire range of defensive purposes, theyâre âin common useâ for defensive purposes, a standard articulated by the Supreme Court in District of Columbia v. Heller (2008).[8] This is true, regardless of which of gun control supportersâ ever-expanding definitions of âassault weaponsâ one uses.[9] In 2015, Heller decision author Justice Antonin Scalia reiterated that the Second Amendment and Heller preclude âassault weaponsâ bans when he signed onto a dissent from the denial of certiorari in Friedman v. Highland Park.[10]
More âassault weaponsâ and âlargeâ magazines, less crime â From 1991, when violent crime hit an all-time high, to 2017, the nationâs total violent crime rate decreased 48 percent, including a 46 percent decrease in the murder rate.[11] Meanwhile, Americans bought about 200 million new firearms,[12] including more than eleven million AR-15s,[13] and so many tens of millions of âlargeâ handgun and rifle magazines that it seems pointless to attempt a count.[14]
Different guns, same old tune â In the 1970s, gun control supporters predicted that crime would rise unless Congress banned all handguns.[15] In the 1980s, they said the same thing about compact, small-caliber handguns.[16] Â For a quarter-century, theyâve said the same thing about âassault weaponsâ and âlargeâ magazines[17] and Right-to-Carry laws under which people carry semi-automatic handguns and âlargeâ magazines for self-defense.[18]Every one of these predictions has been proven false.[19] Nevertheless, they have expanded their definition of âassault weaponâ to include virtually all semi-automatic shotguns and detachable-magazine semi-automatic rifles, comparable handguns, and various fixed-magazine rifles, and continue to press for a ban on magazines.[20]
Study for Congress and follow-up studies â The congressionally-mandated study of the federal âassault weaponâ and âlargeâ magazine âbanâ concluded that âthe banned guns were never used in more than a modest fraction of all gun murdersâ before the ban, and the banâs 10-round limit on new magazines wasnât a factor in multiple-victim or multiple-wound crimes.[21] A follow-up study concluded that âAWs [assault weapons] and LCMs [large capacity magazines] were used in only a minority of gun crimes prior to the 1994 federal ban,â ârelatively few attacks involve more than 10 shots fired,â and âthe banâs effects on gun violence are likely to be small at best and perhaps too small for reliable measurement.â[22] Another follow-up study found âgunshot injury incidents involving pistols [many of which use magazines that hold more than 10 rounds] were less likely to produce a death than those involving revolvers [which typically hold five or six rounds]â and âthe average number of wounds for pistol victims was actually lower than that for revolver victims.â[23] In 2018, the RAND Corporation released a study that surveyed the available research on the effects of bans on âassault weaponsâ and âlargeâ capacity magazines. The study found no conclusive evidence that such bans have an effect on mass shootings or violent crime.[24]
History of semi-automatic firearms â Semi-automatic firearms were introduced in the 19th century. The first semi-automatic rifle was introduced in 1885, the first semi-automatic pistol in 1892, and the first semi-automatic shotgun in 1902.[25] Semi-automatics account for 20-25 percent of the approximately 400 million privately-owned firearms in the United States today and the percentage is rising, because semi-automatics account for over half of the 10-15 million new firearms bought annually.[26] Semi-automatics fire only one shot when the trigger is pulledâlike revolvers, bolt-actions, lever-actions, pump-actions, double-barrels and all other types of firearms except fully-automatics (machine guns).[27] Thus, semi-automatics cannot âspray fireâ and theyâre not designed to be fired âfrom the hip.â[28] They arenât âhigh-powered,â[29] there are no devices that convert them into machine guns legally,[30] they arenât equipped with âgrenade launchersâ and ârocket launchers,â[31] and they certainly arenât âweapons of mass destruction.â[32]
Origin of the issue â The most popular semi-automatic firearm that gun control supporters call an âassault weapon,â the AR-15, was introduced in 1963, but gun control supporters didnât decide to call it and other semi-automatic firearms âassault weaponsâ until 1984.[33] Gun control activists began campaigning against âassault weaponsâ only after they realized that their previous campaign to get handguns banned had failed.[34] In 1988, an anti-handgun activist group recommended to other such groups:
[A]ssault weapons . . . will . . . strengthen the handgun restriction lobby . . . . [H]andgun restriction consistently remains a non-issue with the vast majority of legislators, the press, and public. . . . Assault weapons . . . are a new topic. The weaponsâ menacing looks, coupled with the publicâs confusion over fully automatic machine guns versus semi-automatic assault weaponsâanything that looks like a machine gun is assumed to be a machine gunâcan only increase the chance of public support for restrictions on these weapons. . . . Efforts to restrict assault weapons are more likely to succeed than those to restrict handguns.[35]
ATF 1989 importation ban â The anti-handgun group also recommended that the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) adopt guidelines to prohibit the importation of âassault weapons.â[36] The following year, ATF banned the importation of 43 models of semi-automatic rifles that it had previously approved for importation.[37]
Because federal law requires ATF to approve the importation of any firearm that is âparticularly suitable for or readily adaptable to sporting purposes,â[38] the agency took the curious position that âtarget shootingâ meant only âorganized marksmanship competition.â Furthermore, ATF ignored the portion of the law requiring approval of the importation of firearms that are âreadily adaptable to sporting purposes.â
In 1998, ATF expanded its ban to include any semi-automatic rifle capable of using a detachable magazine that could hold more than 10 rounds.[39] Gun control supporters periodically insist that the importation restrictions be tightened.[40]
Californiaâs and New Jerseyâs bans â California banned âassault weaponsâ in 1989, and New Jersey banned âassault firearmsâ in 1990. New Jerseyâs ban included the Marlin Model 60 .22 caliber squirrel rifle, which an anti-gun New Jersey politician called a âpeople-killing machine.â Both states allowed owners to register and keep banned guns already owned, but only about 10 percent of owners complied with the registration requirements.[41] Several other states subsequently banned âassault weapons,â âassault pistols,â and/or âlargeâ magazines.[42]
Clinton âassault weapon banâ â President Bill Clinton campaigned for a federal âassault weaponâ and âlargeâ magazine âbanâ proposed by Sen. Dianne Feinstein (D-Calif.,), saying people âcanât be so fixated on our desire to preserve the rights of ordinary Americans.â[43] Crime reports and felon surveys showed that âassault weaponsâ were used in only 1-2 percent of violent crimes, and in the 10 preceding years murders committed without guns outnumbered those with âassault weaponsâ by about 37-to-1.[44] Nevertheless, the Clinton/Feinstein âbanâ on new manufacture of âassault weaponsâ and magazines that hold more than 10 rounds was imposed from 1994 to 2004.
Pushing for an expanded ban â As the scheduled 2004 expiration of the ban approached, gun control supporters campaigned to have the ban not only extended, but also expanded, the Brady Campaign calling Californiaâs ban the âmodel for the nation.â[45] But because âassault weaponsâ are used in only a tiny percentage of murders, Californiaâs murder rate increased every year for five years after its 1989 ban, 26 percent overall, while in the rest of the country murder increased 10 percent. During the first five years after California expanded its ban in 2000, the stateâs murder rate increased 10 percent, compared to a five percent decrease in the rest of country.[46]
Nevertheless, in 2013 Feinstein introduced a ban much more restrictive than the one in effect between 1994 and 2004.[47] Whereas her 1994 âbanâ merely prohibited manufacturing or assembling one of the targeted firearms with its full complement of standard external attachments, her 2013 bill would have banned the manufacture of the same firearms altogether, as well as banned the manufacture of other firearms not addressed in the 1994 legislation. Her 2013 bill would have banned the manufacture of any semi-automatic shotgun or detachable-magazine semi-automatic rifle that had any âcharacteristic that can function as a grip,â as well as various fixed magazine rifles and self-defense handguns, and prohibit anyone from selling or otherwise transferring a magazine that holds more than 10 rounds. The Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence and Million Mom March have proposed that pump-action firearms be banned as âassault weaponsâ too.[48]
Semi-automatic rifles like the AR-15 are the most popular rifles in the United States for home protection and defensive skills-based firearm training and marksmanship competitions,[49] and theyâre increasingly popular among hunters.[50] Ammunition magazines that hold more than 10 rounds are standard equipment for many handguns and rifles designed for defensive purposes, theyâre commonly used in handguns kept for protection at home and carried for protection away from home, and theyâre commonly used in defensive skills-based firearm training and sports.